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UNITED STATES OF AMEKICA. 







TPIE 

MEDICAL FORMULARY 

BEfNG 

A COLLECTION OF PRESCRIPTIONS, 

DERIVED FROM 

THE WRITINGS AND PRACTICE 

OF 

MANY OF THE MOST EMINENT PHYSICIANS 

IN AMERICA AND EUROPE. 

TO WHICH IS ADDED 

AN APPENDIX, 

CONTAINING 

THE USUAL DIETETIC PREPARATIONS AND ANTIDOTES FOR POISONS, 

THE WHOLE ACCOMPANIED WITH A FEW BRIEF 

PHARMACEUTIC AND MEDICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
BY BENJAMIN ELLIS, M. D. 

LATE PROFESSOR OF MATERIA MEDICA AND PHARMACY IN THE PHILADELPHIA TOIIFOF n, 
PHARMACY. ■ MHK OF 



Morbos autem, non eloquentia sed remediis curari."— Cels. De Med. m, r 



SIXTH EDITION, REVISED AND EXTENDED. 

BY SAMUEL GEORGE MORTON, M, D. 



PHILADELPHIA: 



LEA & BLANCHARD. 



. 



1842. 






Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight 
hundred and forty-one, by 

LEA & BLANCHARD, 

in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Eastern District of Penn- 
sylvania. 



>D 13 



GRIGGS & CO., PRINTERS. 



N. CHAPMAN, M. 1). 

PROFESSOR OF THE INSTITUTES AND PRACTICE OF PHYSIC AND 
CLINICAL PRACTICE, 

IN THE 

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, 

ETC. ETC. 
WHOSE TALENTS AND URBANITY 

HAV. RAISED HXM TO THE KXRST R ANK IN HIS PROFESSION, A ND HAVE .CO.UIRED FOR HIM 
THE CONFIDENCE AND ESTEEM 

OF A LARGE AND ENLIGHTENED COMMUNITY, 

THIS WOKK 

IS VERY RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED 
BY HIS OBLIGED FRIEND, 

THE AUTHOR. 



CONTENTS. 



Class I. Emetics- ----- 17 

II. Cathartics ----- 24 

Enemata ----- 42 

III. Diuretics - - - - - 45 

IV. Antilithics - - - - - £6 
V. Diaphoretics - - - - - 59 

VI. Expectorants ----- 70 

Inhalation ----- 84 

VII. Emmenagogues ----- 88 

VIII. Anthelmintics, ----- 95 

IX. Epispastics - - . - - 102 

Rubefacients - - - - 104 

Baths, Fomentations, §c. - - - 119 

Caustics, or Escharotics - 123 

Mineral Acids . - - - 124 

Moxa ------ 125 

Stimulating Ointments, §*c- - - 126 

Issues and Setons - - - 123 

Bougies - - - - - 130 

X. Stimulants - - - 132 

XI. Narcotics - - - - . 141 

XII. Antispasmodics - - - - 156 

XIII. Sialagogues - - - - - 161 

XIV. Tonics ------ 170 

Alteratives - - - . - 188 

XV. Astringents ----- 200 

Injections ----- 209 

XVI. Absorbents - - - - - - 222 

Appendix, No. 1. Dietetics - 228 

II. Poisons - - - 238 

III. Endermic Medicine, <fcc. - - - 248 

Index - - - - - - 251 



THE AUTHOR'S ADVERTISEMENT 

TO THE THIRD EDITION. 



In preparing a new edition of the Medical Formu- 
lary for publication, we have endeavoured to render the 
work as complete as the nature of the subject will ad- 
mit. The materials have been carefully revised, and 
almost every class of medicines augmented, by the ad- 
dition of many prescriptions derived from the periodi- 
cal journals, standard medical works, and our pro- 
fessional friends. 

We are chiefly indebted to the writings of M. Ma- 
jendie, for the formulae relating to the newly discovered 
alkaline remedies. If we have occasionally inserted 
compounds which apparently belong to the pharmaco- 
poeia, it was from a conviction of their utility to the 
country practitioner, and also from the fact that they 
are not contained in the ordinary pharmacopoeias. 

The list of Poisons with their Antidotes, has been re- 
vised; — -the Index also has been formed on a different 
plan from that of the first edition, and in such a way 
that simple medicines, and their numerous compounds, 
may be referred to at a glance. 

We cannot close this article without expressing our 
sincere acknowledgments to our friend Dr. Chapman, 
for the very flattering manner in which he has recom- 
mended the Medical Formulary to his class in the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania. 



THE EDITOR'S ADVERTISEMENT 



TO THE SIXTH EDITION. 



Having been originally associated with my lamented 
friend, the late Dr. Ellis, in preparing this work for 
the press, and having superintended two editions since 
his death, I now submit it to the medical public in a 
revised and extended form. Especial care has been 
taken to employ the chemical nomenclature at present 
in use, and to add to the former series of remedial com- 
binations, all those of recent discovery or modern ap- 
plication. This, however, I have endeavoured to ac- 
complish without altering the simple arrangement or 
unpretending character of the original work. 

S. G. Morton. 

November 1, 1841. ' 



PRE FACE, 



The elegant and judicious formation of prescriptions 
is one of the difficulties which the young practitioner 
in medicine is obliged to encounter. While a student, 
he is compelled from the circumstances under which 
he is placed, to confine his attention to the leading 
principles of the science. Consequently the minor 
points, (and the art of directing medicines is consi- 
dered one of them,) are postponed to that period when 
he shall have undertaken the practical duties of his 
profession. 

To obviate, in some measure, the inconvenience 
which the graduate at first experiences, the volume 
now offered to the public was undertaken and executed. 
It contains, in a condensed form, and we think ad- 
vantageously arranged, many of the most important 
prescriptions employed in modern practice, and which, 
though most of them may be already recorded, are 
scattered through various medical works. 

The arrangement framed by Professor Chapman 
for his Theraputics, appearing to combine greater ad- 
vantages than any other, we have taken the liberty of 

adopting as the basis of this Formulary. 

2 



X PREFACE. 

Each class has been subdivided into Powders, Pills, 
and Liquids ; without any attempt to preserve the dif- 
ferent preparations of the same article together, but 
only with a view to convenience. A few concise rules 
will be found prefixed to each class, and observations 
have been attached to those prescriptions, which pos- 
sess peculiarities either in their composition or effects. 

The application of the remedies to diseases has been 
generally left to the judgment of the practitioner, and 
Therapeutical detail as much as possible avoided, as 
it would have been inconsistent with the nature and 
design of the work. 

The object is to furnish models for extemporaneous 
formulae, the proportions of which may be either in- 
creased or diminished, according to the age, sex, con- 
stitution or idiosyncracy of the patient, all of which 
are to be taken into consideration when a proscription 
is directed, as well as the climate and peculiar epide- 
mic which may be prevailing. 

The prescriptions have been couched in the Latin 
language, and the names of the several articles will be 
found regularly terminated. The design was to fur- 
nish something like a Medical Grammar, to those un- 
acquainted with the dead language ; and even those 
versed in the classics, may occasionally find words 
used in prescriptions which are new to them. 

A class of Dietetic preparations has been placed in 
the Appendix, No. I. They are written in the Eng- 
lish language, and it is hoped that they may be found 



PREFACE. XI 

useful in furnishing directions necessary to be given 
to the nurse. 

In the Appendix, No. II. we have arranged those 
poisons which are usually taken by accident or design, 
with their appropriate antidotes and some practical ob- 
servations. 

Appendix No. III. contains some concise remarks 
on the mode of using remedies on the l< endermicplan" 
as well as the quantities employed, and the effects pro- 
duced by several of the most potent remedial agents. 

The materials for the work have been collected from 
various sources, the writings of different authors, pe- 
riodical journals, manuscripts and the contributions 
of our friends. It is hoped therefore, that the dif- 
ficulties which have attended its progress will form 
some apology for the errors which it may possibly be 
found to contain. As a reason for not more frequently 
attaching the names of authors to the prescriptions, 
it may be observed, that they are a kind of common 
medical property which every physician feels himself 
privileged not only to employ, but modify as may best 
correspond with his own views. It is, therefore, dif- 
ficult to say to whom many of them belong; they 
have been touched, and retouched, till they have lost 
their identity. 

In conclusion, we beg leave to present our acknow- 
ledgments to some of our friends for the encouragement 
they have given to the undertaking. To Dr. Chap- 
man we are particularly indebted for the kindness and 



Xll PREFACE. 

interest he has manifested in its publication, and offer 
to him, (the only return we can make,) our warmest 
thanks. It is with particular pleasure we embrace 
this opportunity of expressing our obligations to our 
friend Dr. S. G. Morton, whose intimate acquaintance 
with the subject, and classical knowledge, are only 
equalled by the kindness and industry he has displayed 
in facilitating the work. 

There are others whose names it would gratify us to 
mention, but who, we know, will be more pleased by 
our silence. The countenance they gave us on the 
present occasion has only increased the debt previously 
incurred. 

B. E. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Before entering upon the main object of this work, 
it is necessary to notice a few circumstances which 
pertain more especially to Pharmaceutic Chemistry, 
yet appear to be called for in this place ; and though 
they are familiar to every educated physician, may be 
useful to the student who has not yet turned his atten- 
tion to prescriptions. 

In the first place it is requisite to be well acquainted 
with the signs of quantity, or those symbolic charac- 
ters which are used in writing prescriptions. In the 
ancient practice of medicine there were very many 
of these symbols, not only for the purpose of denoting 
the quantity of the ingredient, but the ingredient itself. 
Most of these, however, have become obsolete; and a 
few only are retained, as indispensable to the conve- 
nience of the practitioner. These will be found in the 
following Table, which is adopted in the Pharmaco- 
poeias for the regulation of weights. 



English Name. 


Latin Name. 


Symbol. 


Contains 


A pound, 
An ounce, 
A drachm, 
A scruple, 


Libra, 
Uncia, 
Drachma, 
Scrupulus, 


lb, 
3, 
3, 

9, 


12 ounces. 

8 drachms. 

3 scruples. 
20 grains. 



In the manipulation of liquid substances, measures 
have in most countries superseded the use of weights: 



XIV 



INTRODUCTION. 



the Table of measures recommended by the London 
College, gives particular names and symbols to the 
parts forming a gallon, in order to prevent their being 
confounded with those denoting weights; as in the 
following Table: — 



English Name. 


Latin Name. 


Symbol. 


Contains 


A gallon, 
A pint, 
A fluidounce, 
A fluidraehm, 


Congius, 
Octarius, 
Fluiduncia, 
Fluidrachma, 


none, 

o, 

f 5, 

f 3, 


8 pints. 
16 fluidounces. 

8 fluidrachms. 
60 minims. 



It has been thought unnecessary in the following 
pages to prefix the f to the signs of quantity used for 
liquids, inasmuch as it is not a custom in this country 
to do so, nor does the omission lead to any ambiguity 
in compounding medicines. 

The minims used in the table, have been adopted by 
the London College in place of drops; and although 
we have not employed this measure in our prescrip- 
tions, yet we can readily perceive it possesses some 
important advantages over the ancient practice. The 
symbol (m,) is sometimes used by medical writers, 
though very improperly, to denote both minims and 
drops.* The size of a drop varies according to the 
greater or less fluidity and gravity of the liquid, and 
the shape of the vessel from which it is dropped ; but 
as a general rule, we cannot do better on these occa- 
sions than use a small phial with a thin edge. Dr. 
Dorsey observes, that, "whenever great precision is 
necessary, it is easy to dilute the active medicine, and 
give it in form of a mixture. If sixty grains be diffused 

* It will be well to recollect that ten minims of any fluid, if measured by the 
graduated minim measure, will amount to about fifteen drops, 



INTRODUCTION. XV 

in six ounces of water, for instance, each half ounce 
will contain five." 

Whenever a table-spoonful of any liquid is ordered, 
it is considered to be equal to half an ounce by measure ; 
and in the same way a tea-spoonful is used for a drachm : 
these measures are sufficiently accurate where no great 
precision is requisite. 

All the prescriptions contained in this work, are 
given in the Latin language, without any other abbre- 
viations than those in common use to denote the quan- 
tity of an ingredient. The directions for the adminis- 
tration of medicines are expressed in English. 

Prescriptions, as usually sent to the Apothecaries, 
are much abbreviated, and the same course may be 
pursued with regard to those contained in this collec- 
tion. For the information of students who have not 
been in the practice of writing prescriptions, a Table 
of Abbreviations is subjoined. 



XVI 



INTRODUCTION. 
TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS. 



Abbreviation. 


Latin Word. 


English Word. 


aa 


* Ana, 


Of each. 


Ad saturand. 


Ad saturandum, 


Until saturated. 


Ad lib. 


Ad libitum, 


At pleasure. 


Aq. tepid. 


Aqua tepida, 


Warm water. 


Aq. ferv. 


Aqua fervens, 


Hot water. 


Chart. 


Chartula, 


A small paper. 


Coch. 


Cochlear, 


A spoonful. 


Coch. mag. 


Cochlear magnum, 


A table-spoonful. 


Coch. parv. 


Cochlear parvum, 


A tea-spoonful. 


Colent 


Colentur, 


Let them be strained. 


Collyr. 


Collyrium, 


An eye-water. 


Contus. 


Contusus, 


Bruised or broken. 


F. vel Ft. 


Fiat, vel Fiant, 


Let there be made. 


Fol. 


Foliura, vel folia, 


A leaf or leaves. 


Garg. 


Gargarysma, 


A gargle. 


Gr. 


Granum, vel grana, 


A grain or grains. 


Gtt. 


Gutta, vel guttee, 


A drop or drop3. 


Haust. 


Haustus, 


A draught. 


Infus. 


Infusio, 


An infusion. 


M. 


Misce, 


Mix. 


Mass. 


Massa, 


A mass. 


Mist. 


Mistura, 


A mixture. 


Pil. 


Pilula, vel pilula3, 


A pill or pills. 


Pulv. 


Pulvis, vel pulveres, 


A powder or powders. 


Q.S. 


Quantum sufficit, 


A sufficient quantity. 


R- 


Recipe, 


Take. 


Rad. 


Radix, 


A Root. 


S. 


Signa, 


Write. 


Ss. 


Semi, vel dimidius, 


The half. 


Tinct. 


Tinctura, 


A tincture. 



The doses throughout the book are applicable to adult age, unless 
the contrary is specified. 



* This is not properly a Latin word, but the Greek proposition ay*. 



CLASS L 



EMETIC $ 

In the administration of Emetics, a few simple rules^ 
are worthy of attention. Whatever may be the appa- 
rent necessity for emptying the stomach, we must take 
into consideration all the circumstances of the case, 
and more particularly if there exist much arterial ex- 
citement, with determination to the head; for where 
these symptoms are present, blood-letting should be 
sometimes premised. 

Where poisons have been taken, our object is to 
evacuate the stomach as speedily as possible, and for 
this purpose we select an emetic which is prompt in 
its action. But where the excitability of the stomach 
is greatly diminished by a Narcotic, it is necessary to 
assist the emetic by the addition of some excitant. 
Where such an effect is caused by opium, the system 
may be generally rendered susceptible by the iise of 
vinegar, mustard, or ammonia. In these cases, how- 
ever, the stomach-tube is our best resource. 

Where free vomiting is desirable, it is effectually 
solicited by plentiful draughts of tepid water or camo- 
mile tea. 

The evacuation of the stomach may be greatly facili- 
tated by tickling the fauces with a feather, or intro- 
ducing the point of the finger as far back as possible, 
and titillating the parts. 

There are a few cases in which emetics are obviously 
inadmissible, as in apoplexy, or where there is great 
3 



18 EMETICS. 

determination of blood to the head, depending upon 
constitutional causes; pregnancy; hernia; prolapsus 
uteri ; active hemorrhage from the lungs and uterus, 
&c. If emetic medicines are ever allowable in these 
diseases, it is for the most part in nauseating doses 
only. 

By the frequent use of emetics, the stomach acquires 
an increased susceptibility to their action ; hence per- 
sons of delicate habits should use them cautiously. — 
When excessive vomiting occurs, it may be checked by 
resort to some one or more of the following resources : 

Ice broken into small pieces, and allowed to dissolve 
in the mouth. 

Lime water and milk, a table-spoonful of each, mixed 
cold, and given at intervals of fifteen or twenty minutes. 

A drop, or even half a drop of oil of Creosote, mixed 
in a wine-glass of cold water, is one of the most effectual 
anti-emetic remedies. 

Brandy and water, and clove, and green tea, conduce 
to the same end; and where other internal means fail 
in irritable constitutions, an anodyne injection will 
sometimes accomplish the object. 

Among external appliances, mustard to the epigas- 
trium is one of the best : also, spice-plasters, and hot 
fomentations of brandy and cloves. — 

POWDERS. 

Powder of Ipecacuanha. 

R. Pulveris Ipecacuanhae, 9ij. 

Divide it into two doses. — Signa. — One to be taken in a little mo- 
lasses, or sugar and water, and followed by a draught of tepid 
water. If one powder does not produce the desired effect, the 
second to be taken in like manner. 

Powder of Ipecacuanha with Tartarized Antimony. 

R. Pulveris Ipecacuanhae, 3j. 

Tartratis Antimonii et potassee, gr. j. 
Misce. — To be taken in the same manner as the former, 



EMETICS. 19 

Ipecacuanha is supposed by some to counteract the 
effects of opium by a specific principle, and hence the 
above prescription is often used where that drug has 
been taken : a more prompt emetic, however, will in 
such cases, be preferable to this. 

Powder of Ipecacuanha with Rhubarb. 

R. Pulveris Ipecacuanha*. 

Rhei, aa. 9j. 

Misce, et signa. — To be taken in sirup. 

More or less purging will generally follow the eme- 
tic operation of this dose. 

The above are the principal combinations of ipeca- 
cuanha for the purpose of vomiting. It fulfils several 
other indications, which will be noticed under their 
appropriate heads. 

Powder of Sulphate of Copper. 

R Sulphatis Cupri, gr. ij, vel x. 

Signa. — To be given in a little sirup of water. 

This medicine is seldom employed as an emetic ex- 
cept in those cases of poisoning where other articles 
have failed, or are not at hand. It should be followed 
by a draught of warm water. All vegetable astringent 
infusions are incompatible substances. 

Powder of Sulphate of Zinc. 

R. Sulphatis Zinci, gr. x, vel 3ss. 

Signa. — To be taken in molasses, and followed by a draught of warm 
water. 

This medicine is very prompt in its operation; and is 
most generally employed in cases of poisoning. It is 
also used as a nauseating remedy in phthisis ; and both 
as an emetic and tonic in dyspepsia. The stomach is 
said to be invigorated, rather than exhausted by its 
operation. 



20 EMETICS. 

WINES, MIXTURES, &c. 

Wine of Ipecacuanha with Antimony. 

R. Vini Ipecacuanhap, 5j. 

Tartratis Antimonii et Potassae, gr. j. 
Fiat Solutio. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful to be taken every ten or fifteen 

minutes until vomiting is induced, which may be assisted with 

tepid drinks. 

dntimonial JJlne. 

R. Vini Antimonii, ^j. 

Signa, — A tea-spoonful to be taken every ten or fifteen minutes until 
free emesis is effected. 

If antimonial wine is given for the purpose of pro- 
ducing speedy vomiting, we may safely give half an 
-ounce of it at once ; and in the croup of infants, twenty 
drops every fifteen minutes, until the medicine ope- 
rates, is a safe dose. 

Solution of Tartrate of Antimony. 

R. Tartratis Antimonii et Potassa?, gr. vj. 

Sacchari albi, 3j. 

Aquae destillatae, ±iv. 
Misce. — Fiat Solutio. — A table-spoonful to be given every ten or 

fifteen minutes, until it operates freely. 

The wine of antimony possesses no advantage over 
this extemporaneous prescription; and unless we know 
the proportion of antimony contained in each ounce of 
the former, and know also that it has been recently 
made, the latter is decidedly preferable. 

Tartar Emetic and Quinine. 

B:. Tartratis Antimonii et Potassae, gr. iij. 

Sulphatis Quiniae, gr. x. 
Misce et divide in partes vj. equales. — This preparation is commended 
by Dr. Gola as successful in intermittent fever, when quinine alone 



EMETICS. 21 

produced no favourable result. He directs a powder to be given 
every two hours during the apyrexia. It causes both emesis and 
alvine evacuations, and prevents the recurrence of the paroxysm. 

Solution of Sulphate of Zinc, $c. 

R. Zinci Sulphatis, 3iss. 
Aluminis, 3ss. 
Aquae ferventis, Oss. 
Misce. — Let the solution be filtered through blotting paper. — Signa. — 
A table-spoonful for adults, and a tea-spoonful for a child of six 
months old, (and so in proportion to the strength and age of the 
patient,) every morning upon an empty stomach. 

This is the celebrated solutio vitriolica of Dr. Mosely, 
who principally employed it in dysentery and phthisis 
pulmonalis. 

Mustard Draught. 

R. Pulveris Sinapeos, Jj. 

Aquae tepidae, Oss. 
To be mixed and swallowed at once. 

This is a very prompt emetic, and one that is always 
at hand. 

Emetic Lozenges of Emetina. 

R. Sacchari albi, ^ij. 

Emetinae impurae, gr. xxxij. 
Misce, et fiant trochisci singuli, gr. xviij. 

One of these Lozenges taken fasting will generally produce vomiting 
in children. Three or four will speedily excite it in adults. 

Majendie. 

Solution of Emetina. 

R. Emetinae fuscae, gr. iv. 
Aquae destillatee, 5ij. 
Syrupi simplicis, ^ss. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa.- — Give two tea-spoonsful every half hour. 
Emetina is destitute of the peculiar odour and nauseous taste of Ipe- 
cacuanha, and may therefore be preferable in some cases. 



22 EMETICS. 

It will be observed that we have introduced the im- 
pure or coloured Emetina, which is much less energe- 
tic than the perfectly white alkali. The best antidote 
for an over-dose, is a strong infusion of nut-galls. 

One grain of Emetina will generally produce as 
much effect as sixteen grains of Ipecacuanha. Even 
this quantity of pure Emetina would be an unneces- 
sary large dose ; and the emetic property will be readi- 
ly obtained by dissolving a grain in an ounce of water, 
and giving it in three or four doses at the usual in- 
tervals. 

Mixture of Ipecacuanha, #c. 

R. Pulveris Ipecacuanhae, 3ss. 

Antimonii et potassae tartratis, gr. j. 

Tincturae Scillae, ^j. 

Aquae destillatae, jfvijss. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — Four table-spoonsful at first; afterwards two 
table-spoonsful every ten minutes, until vomiting is induced. 

This mixture is recommended in dropsies previously 
to giving the digitalis. 

Infusion of Ipecacuanha. 

R. Pulveris ipecacuanhae, ^ij. 

Aquae bullientis, ^vj. 
Macerate for one hour and filter.— »Of this from one to two table- 
spoonsful, may be given every half hour, until in excite vomiting. 

Infusion of Lobelia Inflata. 

R. Herbae Lobeliae inflatae, ^j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Signa. — A small wine-glassful may be taken every half 
hour, until vomiting succeeds. 

This native remedy, called also Indian Tobacco, is 
frequently exhibited in the form of saturated tincture. 
The dose of the latter is a table-spoonful every half 
hour until emesis is excited. It has gained considera- 



EMETICS. 23 

ble celebrity in the treatment of Asthma, and is now 
employed by the " Steam Doctors" of the western 
country, as part of their treatment of all diseases. Its 
activity is so great that it should be administered with 
caution. 

Sirup of Seneca and Squills. 

R. Syrupi Scillae compositi, ^j. 

Signa. — Give from ten drops to a tea-spoonful, every quarter, half, or 

one hour, according to the age of the patient and violence of the 

disease. 

This is the Hive Sirup of Professor Coxe : it has ac- 
quired much confidence from its efficacy in croup : and 
should it not be sufficiently active in this violent dis- 
ease, a grain of tartrate of antimony may be added to 
each ounce. — See Coze's Dispen. p. 343. 

Tobacco Poultice. 

R. Foliorum Nicotianae, ^j. 

To be beat up with sufficient water to form a cataplasm. — To be 
applied to the region of the stomach, when emetics cannot be ad- 
ministered by the mouth. 



( 24 ) 



CLASS II 



CATHARTICS. 

As a general rule, it may be observed of cathartics, 
that they are capable of fulfilling three different indi- 
cations : — 1st. Simply to evacuate the bowels ; 2d. To 
excite an increased discharge from the mucous coat of 
the intestines ; and 3d. To stimulate the neighbouring 
viscera, and cause them to pour out a greater quantity 
of their peculiar fluids. It seldom, or perhaps never, 
happens, that the same article will produce these three 
different effects ; in order to do this, we must combine 
different substances in one formula. 

There are some, as magnesia, that produce their 
effect by absorbing the acid generated in the alimenta- 
ry canal, and thus become converted into a purgative 
salt. There are others, as aloes, that expend their 
principal force upon the rectum and great intestines, 
and for this reason are very advantageously employed 
in diseases of the lower bowels, as also in those of the 
uterus and its appendages. 

These remedies should always be given on an empty 
stomach : if administered immediately after a full meal, 
they arrest the digestive process, are liable to produce 
nausea, if not vomiting, and do not open the bowels 
with the same certainty or effect. When simple cos- 
tiveness is to be removed, the evening may be selected 
for the exhibition of a cathartic. 

If this should not prove sufficient, we can repeat the 
dose in the morning and at regular intervals through 
the day, until the effect is produced. The principle, 



CATHARTICS. 25 

says Dr. Paris, which should govern our conduct in the 
administration of purgatives, may be briefly stated. — 
The excitement is to be repeated till the requisite action 
is induced, yet no single excitement being such as may 
prove an irritant to the organ. 

But in the treatment of many diseases it is prefera- 
ble to purge through the day, in order that the sleep 
of the patient may not be disturbed at night. 

The operation of these remedies may be very much 
accelerated by the free exhibition of diluting drinks, 
such as oatmeal gruel, barley water, &c. &c. 

By combination we are enabled to modify and con- 
trol the action of many remedies, and some of the most 
drastic purgatives may be made to operate mildly, and 
yet certainly, by uniting several of them in the same 
dose. 

Finally, the operation of a cathartic may often be 
promoted by a judicious venesection; and if spasm of 
the intestines be present, opium may be advantageously 
joined with the purgative. 

POWDERS. 

Powder with Calomel and Jalap. 
1$. Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, gr. v. vel x. 

Pulveris Jalapae, gr. x. 
Misce, et signa — To be given in molasses or sirup. 

Powder with Calomel, Jalap and Rhubarb. 

R. Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, gr. v. 

Pulveris Jalapae, 

Rhei, aa, gr. v. 

Olei Cinnamomi, gtt. j. 
Misce, et signa. — To be given as the former. 

Powder with Magnesia and Rhubarb. 
R. Pulveris Rhei, 9j. 
Magnesia? ustae, 9ss. 
Olei Cinnamomi, gtt. j. 
Misce, et signa. — To be given in sirup, or sugar and water. 
4 



26 CATHARTICS. 

The operation of magnesia may be effectually ob- 
tained by giving the patient some lemonade, or a solu- 
tion of super-tartrate of potassa, as a common drink. 

Powder with Calomel and Rhubarb 

R. Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, 

Pulveris Rhei, aa, gr. x. 

Olei Cinnamomi, gtt. j. 
Misce, et signa. — To be given in molasses. 

Powder with Jalap and Super -Tartrate of Potassa. 

R. Super-tartratis Potassae, gij. 

Pulveris Jalapae, 5J» 
Misce. — Divide in chartulas vj.— Of these, give one every two hours 
in molasses or sirup. 

Compound Powder of Jalap and Gamboge. 

R. Super-tartratis Potassae, 3ij« 

Pulveris Jalapae, gj. 

■ Gambogise, gr. vj. 

Misce. — Divide in chartulas vj.— Signa. — -To be given as directed in 
the preceding prescription. 

The compound powder of jalap has been almost con- 
secrated to dropsical affections ; but it forms a very 
convenient purge in many inflammatory cases ; and 
when we wish to increase its certainty and activity, 
we may conveniently add the Gamboge, as in the 
above formula. 

Powder of Aloes, Canella Alba, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Aloes, 5jss. 

Canellae albas, gr. xviij. 

— Radicis Serpentariag virginianas, gr. vj. 

Misce. — Divide in pulveres vj. — Signa. — One every .three or four 
hours in sirup. 



CATHARTICS. 27 

This compound, the Hera picra of the shops, forms 
a very good purgative, and is usually employed as an 
emmenagogue. 

Powder with Sulphate of Potassa, fyc. 

R. Potasses sulphatis, 3j. 

Pulveris Rhei, 9iss. 

Floris Anthemidis, 3J« 

Tere in pulverem, et divide in doses equales vj. 
Signa. — Take one twice a day in sugar and water. 
In dyspepsia and a sluggish state of the bowels. 

Powder of Sulphur und Super-tar Irate of Potassa, 

R. Sulphuris sublimati, 5ss. 

Pulveris Super-tartratis Potassae, jh*. 
Misce, et signa. — Mix in a sufficient quantity of molasses, and give a 

tea-spoonful four or five times a day to children. In some diseases 

of the skin. 

It should be always recollected that sulphur pro- 
motes insensible perspiration in a very marked degree, 
and hence, renders the patient more liable to be affected 
by the vicissitudes of climate. 

Powder with Milk of Sulphur and Calcined Magnesia. 

R. Sulphuris praecipitati vel Lactis Sulphuris, 

Magnesias ustae, aa. 5 SS » 
Misce, et signa. — A tea-spoonful to be taken four or five times a-day. 

This preparation is better adapted to delicate sto- 
machs than the former. Either of them forms a good 
aperient during an alterative course of medicine. 

Sulphate of Magnesia and Tartrate of Antimony. 
R. Sulphatis Magnesias, 3j. 

Tartratis Antimonii et Potassae, gr. j. 
Misce, et signa. — To be dissolved in six ounces of water, and taken 
for a dose. 



28 CATHARTICS, 

By combining tartar emetic with this and other pur- 
gative salts, we promote at the same time a gentle dia- 
phoresis ; which, in many slight inflammatory affec- 
tions, is very desirable. 

Poivder with Tartrate of Soda, Tartaric Acid, #-c. vidgo, Seidlitz 

Powders. 

R. Tartratis Sodae et Potassae, 3ij« 

Sodae Eicarbonatis, 9ij. 
Fiat pulvis. — -Signa. — To be dissolved in half a tumbler of cold water. 

R. Aciei tartarici pulverizati, gr. xxv. 

Signa. — Dissolve in an equal quantity of water with the above, and 
mix them both together. To be taken while in a state of effer- 
vescence. 

This a very popular purgative, and justly so ; it is a 
gentle aperient, and may be taken by persons whose 
stomachs would reject any of the ordinary saline pre- 
parations. " 

Phosphate of Soda. 

R. Phosphatis Sodae, 5j. 

This salt so much resembles in taste the common 
table salt, (muriate of soda,) that it may be conve- 
niently taken in a bowl of broth. It is a mild purga- 
tive. 

PILLS. 

Pills of Calomel, Jalap, fyc, (known as Griffitts 1 Cathartic Pills.) 

R. Pulveris Jalapae, 

Rhei, 

Saponis albi, aa. gss. 
Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, gr. xxv. 
Tartratis Antimonii et PGtassae, gr. iss. 

Aquae destillatae, quantum sufficit- — ut fiat massa : drvide in pilulas 
xxv. 
Signa.— Two of these pills may be taken at once, and repeated in two 
hours, if not sufficient 



CATHARTICS. 29 

This combination of purgatives with the tartrate of 
antimony, forms a most excellent anti-bilious remedy ; 
and, in cases of fever, prepares the alimentary canal 
for the reception of other remedies better than a more 
simplified preparation. 

Pills of Blue Mass, Aloes, fyc. 

&. Massae ex Hydrargyro, 

Pulveris Jalapae, 

Aloes, aa. gr. xv. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. ut fiat massa, et divide in pilulas xij. 
Signa. — Three may be taken at night, and the same dose repeated in 
the morning, if the first is ineffectual. 

Pills of Blue Mass, Soda, fyc. 

R. Massae ex Hydrargyro, gr. ix. 

Pulveris Rhei, 

Bicarbonatis Sodae, aa. gr. xij. 

Syrupi Rhei aromatici, q. s. ut fiat massa, et divide in pilulas, xij. 
Signa. — One, twice or three times a-day, as an alterative in derange- 
ment of the liver. Hartshorne, 

Powdered Charcoal. 

R. Pulveris Carbonis, 3j. 

Of this a tea-spoonful may be given in milk, molasses, or sugar and 
water; repeated as often as necessary to keep the bowels in a solu- 
ble state. 

Charcoal occasionally accumulates in the bowels, 
and occasions the most distressing constipation. When 
it fails, therefore, to operate promptly, some other pur- 
gative should be given. It may be observed, that 
charcoal is exceedingly well adapted to many cases of 
dyspepsia, enabling the patient to digest more, and a 
greater variety of food, than he can without it. The 
safest and most effectual mode of using it is to dust it 
over the aliments in the same way as pepper. 



30 CATHARTICS. 

Pills of Calomel, Rhubarb, and Opium* 

R. Hydrargyri Chloridi raitis, gr. xij. 
Pulveris Rhei, gr. xx. 

Opii, gr. j. 

Misce, et divide in pilulas viij. — Signa. — Four may be taken at once, 
and the remainder in one hour if the first are insufficient. 

This compound may be employed when we wish 
the effect of calomel, and when there is pain in the 
bowels; if there should be much costiveness, it may 
be necessary to follow the pills with a dose of castor 
oil, or Epsom salts. 

Pills of Rhubarb and Soap. 

R. Pulveris Rhei, 3j. 

Saponis albi, gr. x. 

Aquae destillatae, q. s. — ut fiant pilules xv. 
Signa. — Three for a dose. 

To remove costiveness, or produce a gentle evacua- 
tion in debilitated habits. 

Pills of Aloes and Rhubarb. 

R. Pulveris Rhei, 

Aloes aa. ^ss. 

Saponis albi, quantum sufficit— ut fiant pilulae xxv. 
Signa. — Three or four of these may be taken occasionally, in habitual 
costiveness and in dyspepsia. 

Pills of Rhubarb, with Sulphate of Iron, &c. 

R. Pulveris Rhei, ^iss. 
Sulphatis Ferri, ^ss, 
Saponis albi, 9\j. 
Aquae destillatae, q. s. — Fiat massa in pilulus xl. dividenda. 

The intention of these pills is obviously to remove 
costiveness, and impart tone to the bowels. They 
were a favourite medicine with Dr. Griffitts, late of 



CATHARTICS. 31 

this city. Three or four may be taken for a close 
at bed-time. 

Pills with Aloes, Gentian, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Aloes, ^j. 

Extracti Gentianse, jss. 

Olei Carni, gtt. x. 

Syrupi simplicis, quantum sufficit. 
The mass to be divided into pills, each one weighing gr. iv.-— Sig~ 
na. — Two or three for a dose. 

Pills of Croton Oil. 

R. Olei Tiglii, gtt. j. 

Micae panis, q. s. — ut fiant pilulse iv. 
Signa. — One every hour until they operate. 

This powerful remedy has lately been restored to 
the materia medica. One drop is a full dose, and fre- 
quently less will answer every purpose. 

Pill with Aloes, Ipecacuanha, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Aloes, ^ss. 

Ipecacuanhae, gr. iv. 

Saponis albi, 9ij. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. — ut fiant pilulee xx. 
Signa. — Two or three for a dose; and to be repeated when necessary. 

These pills, with almost any other of the aloetic pre- 
parations, from their specific action on the rectum, 
will sometimes restore suppressed haemorrhoids. 

Aperient Pills. 
R. Aloes socotorinae, £j. 
Pulveris Rhei, jj. 

— Ipecacuanhae, gr. vj. 

S*aponis venetae £j. 
To be divided into sixty-four pills. — As a simple aperient, one may 
be taken every night at bed-time; but where a full purgative effect 
is desirable, the dose is two or three. 



32 CATHARTICS. 

Pills with Asafcetida and Moes, 

R. Gummi Asafoetidae, 
Pulveris Aloes, 
Saponis albi, aa. £ss. 

Aqua? destillatse, quantum sufficit — ut fiat massa in pilulas xxv. di~ 
videnda. 

These pills are usually kept made by the apotheca- 
ries, but the physician may prefer them recent, and 
therefore the formula is here inserted. We may alter 
this prescription by substituting rhubarb for aloes, if it 
is deemed preferable. Three or four of them are suf- 
ficient for a dose. 

Pills with Extract of Butternut, Jalap, fyc. 

R. Extracti Juglandis cinerei, 3 SS ' 

Pulveris Jalapae, 9j. 

Saponis albi, gr. x. 
Misce. — Fiant pilulae xv. 

Signa. — Three or four of these may be taken for a dose, and if they 
do not operate, two or more may be safely administered. 

The extract of Butternut, either alone or in combi- 
nation, is very highly recommended as a cathartic in 
fevers, dysentery, &c. 

Pills of Blue Mass, and Colocynth. 

R. Massae ex Hydrargyro Extracti colocynthidis, aa. gr. v. 

Olei Carui, gtt. ij. 

Fiant pilulae, ij. 
These constitute an active cathartic. 

Confection of Sulphur ; 

R. Sulphuris sublimati et loti, §iss. ,. 

Confectiones Sennae, ^ij. 
Potassas nitratis, 3iij. 
Syrnpi Aurantii, q. s. — ut fiat eonfectio, 



CATHARTICS. 33 

Signa. — From one or two drachms may be taken once or twice a-day. 
Useful in hemorrhoidal affections. 

Pills of Compound Extract of Colocynth and Calomel. 

R. Extracti Colocynthidis compositi, gr. xlviij. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. xij. 
Misce et divide in pilulas xij. 

Signa. — One, or at most two of these pills will generally act as a 
cathartic. 

Pills of Compound Extract of Colocynth, <$c. 

R. Extracti Colocynthidis compositi, Bj. 

Jalapae resinosi, gr. vj. 

Pulveris Scammoniae compositi, gr. x. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. x. 

Tartratis Antimonii et Potassae, gr. j. 

Saponis veneti, gr. v. 

Olei Cassiae, gtt. iv. 
Misce et divide in pilulas xv. 

Signa. — One, two, or three to be taken at bed-time, for a cathartic. 

Br. Meigs. 

Pills with Aloes and Mercurial Blue Mass. 

R. Massse ex Hydrargyro, Bj. 

Pulveris Aloes, gr. xxv. 
Misce et divide in pilulas xv. — Signa. — One every two hours until 
they operate. 

In cases of constipation depending upon deficiency 
of bile, these pills may be advantageously employed. 

Pills of Compound Extract of Colocynth, fyc. fyc, commonly called 
FothergiWs Pills. 

R. Extracti Colocynthidis compositi, 5iss. 

* Oxidi Antimonii illoti, Jss. 
Misce et divide in pilulas xxx. — One of these pills will frequently 

produce a free evacuation; but two or more may be taken when 

required, at bed-time. 

* This preparation of antimony was formerly known by the name of Calx 
Antimonii Illota. 

5 



34 CATHARTICS. 

Fills with Aloes, Guaiacum, fyc. 

R. Pnlveris Guaiaci, 5ss. 

Aloes, gr. xxxvj. 

Rhei, 21J. 

Balsami Canadensis, quantum sufficit — ut fiat massa in pilulas 
xlviij. dividenda. 
Signa. — One to be taken every three hours. 

This combination forms a highly stimulating ca- 
thartic. 

Electuary of Senna and Figs. 

R. Pulveris Sennas, 3ss. 

Pulpas ficus, quantum sufficit — ut fiat electuarium. 
Signa. — A piece, the size of a marble, night and morning, in costive- 
ness from sedentary habits. 

MIXTURES, INFUSIONS, &c. 

Oleaginous Mixture. 

R. Olei Ricini, 3iss. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, 5ij» 

Sacchari albi, 5j. 
Misce secundum artem, et tunc adde gradatim— 

Aquas Menthas sativae, 3iv. 

Tinctures Opii, gtt. xl vel 1. 
Signa. — A table-spoonful every hour and a half or two hours, until it 
purges. 

It is of some consequence in preparing this mixture, 
to shake the oil and powders well together before add- 
ing the water, which should be poured in gradually, 
agitating it after each addition ; or, combine the whole 
in a mortar. 

Mixture of Oil of Turpentine, §c. 

R. Olei Terebinthinae rectificati, %]. 

Pulveris Gummi Arabici, 

Sacchari albi, aa. 5ij« 

Aquae Mentha? sativae, 5iv. 
Misce, et Signa. — A table-spoonful every two hours, until it operates. 



CATHARTICS. 35 

This preparation must be made in the same manner 
as the oleaginous mixture. 

Mixture ivith Magnesia, Tinct. Fvelida, fyc. 

R. Magnesiae carebonatis, 5ss. 
Tincturae Asafcetidae, gtt. lx. 

Opii. gtt. xx. 

Sacchari albi, 3J« 
Aqna3 destillatae, 5j. 

Misce. — Fiat mistura. — Signa. — Twenty-five drops may be given to 
an infant of two or four weeks old; in flatulent cholic, diarrhoea, &c. 

This preparation is strongly recommended and much 
employed by Dr. Dewees of this city. 

If the calcined magnesia be used, it unites with the 
resin of the asafoetida, forms an almost solid mass at 
the bottom of the vessel, and defeats the object of the 
prescription. 

Mixture of Carb. Magnesia, #-c. 

R. Magnesiae carbonatis, 3ss. 

Sulphatis, 3iij« 

Spiritus Ammoniae aromatici, Jj. 
Tincturae Rhei, 5ss. 

Hyosciami, ^ss. 

Aquae Menthae sativae, 5iv. 

Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A large table-spoonful to be taken two or three 
times a-day. I)r. Meigs. 

Oleaginous Mixture with Oil of Turpentine. 

R. Olei Ricini, liss. 

Vitellum ovi, j. 

Sacchari albi, ^x). 

Olei Terebinthinae rectificati, 5ss. 

Aquae Mentha? sativae, 5iv. 
Misce optime et fiat mistura. — Signa. — A large table-spoonful may be 

taken every hour, according to circumstances. 

This preparation is much used by some of our best 
practitioners, in cases requiring a brisk and stimulating 



36 CATHARTICS. 

cathartic. It has also been recommended as a purga- 
tive, after the effects of an over-dose of opium have 
been partially subdued by the proper preliminary 
remedies. 

Mixture of Oil of Euphorbia Latyris, or Oil of Sparge. 

R. Olei Euphorbia? latyris, gtt. viij. 

Gum mi Acacia?, 

Sacchari albi, aa. 5j- 

Aquss Mentha? sativa?, 5j. 
Fiat mistura.— - Signa. — One half of this mixture may be given at once, 

and repeated in two hours if the bowels are not moved. 

The oil of spurge is an old remedy, lately revived 
and introduced to notice by the Italians. The Euro- 
pean oil is stated to be as mild as castor oil, and as 
prompt and efficacious as the croton oil, in the above 
doses. The oil prepared from the beans grown in this 
country, is said to be much more acrid, occasioning 
both nausea and griping. 

Mixture of Croton Oil. 

R. Olei Tiglii, gtt. j. 

Mucilaginis acacia?, 

Aqua? destillata?, aa. ±], 
Misce et Signa. — To take a tea-spoonful every two hours until it 

operates. 

Saponaceous Solution of Croton Oil. 

R. Olei Tiglii, gtt. viij. 

Potassa? pura?, gr. vj. 

Aqua? destillata?, Jij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — From three to six drops may be given for a 

dose. 

This is a substitute for the soap of the croton oil 
proposed by the French, and which is more trouble- 
some to make. 

Mr. Conevel states, that four drops of this oil rubbed 
on and round the umbilicus, will produce a cathartic 



CATHARTICS. 37 

effect ; even the odour of it has been known to excite 
the alimentary canal, either as an emetic or purgative. 

Solution of Epsom Salts with Nitric Acid. 

R. Sulphatis Magnesias, §ss. 

Tincturae Jalapas, 3j. 

Acidi nitrici, gtt. x. 

Aquae Menthae, ^ij. 
Misce.— Signa.— To be taken for a draught. The nitric acid is said 

to destroy in great measure the bitter taste of the salt. 

Infusion and Tincture of Senna, 8fC, 

&. Infusionis Sennae, £vj. 

Tincturae , 3ij- 

Mannas, 3 ij. 

Magnesiae sulphatis, 5 s s. 

Aquas Menthae sativas, 

-— destillatae, aa. Siss. 
Misce. — Signa. — One half to be taken for a dose, and repeated if it 
does not operate. This was a very common prescription of the 
late Mr. Abemethy, of London. 

Purgative Draught. 

R. Foliorum Sennas, 3ij. 
Sulphatis sodas, 5ss. 
Aquas, 5iv. 
Syrupi Rhamni, %]. 
The water should be added boiling hot, and the infusion then cooled 
and strained. A few grains of Jalap may be substituted for the 
Sirup of Buckthorn. 

Mixture of Magnesia, Rhubarb, fyc. 

R. Magnesias ustas, Jss. 

Pulveris Rhei, gr. vj. 

Sacchari albi, 3J« 

Essentias Menthae piperitas, gtt. vj. 

Aquae^destillatas. 5iss. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful to be given every two hours to 

children, until it operates. 



38 CATHARTICS. 

This preparation is designed for the bowel com- 
plaints of children, in which it is very serviceable. 
Laudanum can be added according to the age and 
circumstances of the patient. 

Solution of Sulphate of Magnesia, <$c. 

R. Sulphatis Magnesiae, 5j« 

Tartratis Antimonii, gr. j. 

Sucei Limonis recentis, 5j. 

Aquae destillatae, 5iij. 
Misce. — Fiat solutio. — Signa. — A table-spoonful to be given every 

two hours until it operates. 

Infusion of Senna, Sulphate of Magnesia, §c. 

R. Foliorum Sennae, 3vj. 

Mannae optimae, 

Sulphatis Magnesiae, aa. 5j. 

Seminum Cardamomi contus: 3ij« 
Misce, et signa. — To be infused in a pint of boiling water for thirty 
or fifty minutes, and a tea-cupful given every hour until it operates. 

Infusion of Senna. 
R. Foliorum Sennae, Jvj. 

Seminum Cardamomi contus: 3ij. 
Misce, et signa. — To be infused in a pint of boiling water for half an 
hour ; one-half to be taken at once; if insufficient, the remainder in 
two or three hours. 

This infusion may be longer kept if a little tinctura 
sennse be added to it. 

Decoction of Prunes. 

R. Fructus Pruni, ^iij. 

Aquae, ftiij. 
Decoque ad libras duas. — Used as a mild laxative. 

Infusion of Senna with Rhubarb, 6fC. 
R. Foliorum Sennae, 5vj. 
Mannae optimae, 5j« 
Radicis Rhei contusae, 31J. 
Seminum Cardamomi contus: 3ij» 



CATHARTICS. 39 

Misce, et signa. — To be infused in a pint of boiling water for one 
hour. A tea-cupful given every hour till it operates. 

Compound Tincture of Senna, vidgo, Warner's Cordial. 
R. Tincturae Sennae compositae, gj. 

Direct a table-spoonful, mixed with double the quantity of water, as 
hot as it can be drunk, to be taken for a dose, in cases of violent 
pain of the stomach, where a cordial purgative is required; to be 
repeated pro re nata. 

Decoction of Aloes, <$c. 
R. Extracti Glycyrrhizae, ^ss. 
Potassae subcarbonatis, 9ij. 
Aloes Spicatae extracti contriti, 
Myrrhae contritae, 
Croci stigmatum, aa. 5j- 
Tincturae Cardamomi compositae, ^iv. 
Aquae destillatae, Oj. 
Boil down all the ingredients, except the last, with the water, to 
twelve fluid ounces, and strain; then add the compound Tincture 
of Cardamom. The dose of this decoction is from half an ounce to 
an ounce and a half, and is of service, frequently in dyspepsia, and 
wherever a mild warm cathartic is required. 

Wine of Colchicum. 
R. Vini Colchici saturati, 5ss. 

Signa. — Twenty or thirty drops of this may be taken in sugar and 
water. In cases of rheumatism or gout. 

The above preparation of the Colchicum or meadow 
saffron is made both of the bulb and seeds, but is most 
powerful when the bulb is used. The ordinary dose 
is twenty drops three times a-day, which may be re- 
peated until it affects the stomach, pulse, or lowels, 
when it should be immediately discontinued, and its 
use resumed with caution. 

Colchicum and Magnesia. 
R. Magnesiae ustae, ^j. 
Sacchari albi, 
Gummi Arabici, aa.. ^ss. 
Aquae destillatae, 5iv. 
Vini Colchici, gtt. xl. 



40 CATHARTICS. 

Fiat mistura.— Signa. — To take a table-spoonful every two hours until 
it operates. 

This preparation is much used in gouty and rheu- 
matic affections. 

Scuddamore's Mixture of Colchicum and Epsom Salts. 

R. Magnesiae Sulphatis, 5j ad 5ij. 
Aquae Menthae, 5x. 
Aceti colchici, ^j ad ?iss. 
Syrupi Croci, 5j. 
Magnesiae, Bviij. 
Fiat mistura. — Dose, one, two or three table-spoonsful, repeated every 
two hours, until four or six evacuations are produced in twenty-four 
hours. Chiefly used in gouty paroxysms. 

Pills of Verairina. 

R. Veratrinae, gr. ss. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, q. s.— ut fiant pilulae vi. 
Signa. — One of these may be given, and if purgative effects do not 
follow, three may be given in one day. 

The active principle of this substance has been sepa- 
rated, and the name of Veratrina bestowed upon it. It 
is extremely poisonous, and, therefore, to be taken with 
great caution. Its only recommendation is, that it is 
more certain in its operation than the preparations 
noticed above. 

Tincture of Verairina. 

B. Veratrinae. gr. iv. 
Alcohol, 5j. 

Fiat tinctura. — Signa. — This may be given in doses of ten, fifteen, 
twenty, or twenty-five drops, in a cup of drink. It is designed as 
a substitute for the Vinous Tinct. of Colchicum, in dropsies, gout, 
rheumatism, &c. 

The Tincture of Veratrina is recommended as an 
external application in the diseases above mentioned. 
For this purpose also the ointment is proposed. 



CATHARTICS. 41 

Solution of Sulphate of Veratrine. 
R. Sulphatis Veratrinae, gr. j. 

Aquae destillatae, ^ij. 
Fiat solutio. — Dose. — A dessert-spoonful. This solution is said to be 
a good substitute for the Eau Medicinale of Husson, in gouty affec- 
tions. Majendie. 

Ointment of Veratrina. 
R. Veratrinae purae, gr. iv. 

Adipis suillae, 5j. 
Fiat unguentum. — Signa. — To be employed externally, in the cases 

above directed. Majendie. 

There is obtained from the Veratrum another alka- 
line substance called Sabadillin, which possesses the 
properties of Veratrina, but in a less degree. It has 
consequently been little used in practice. 

Tincture of JLloes, %c. 

R. Pulveris Aloes socotrinse, 

Seminum Anisi, aa. ^ij. 

Spiritus vini gallici, Oij. 
Fiat tinctura. — Dose. — From one-third to half a wine-glassful, three 

times a-day. 

The above is highly spoken of by Dr. R. Pindall in 
hemorrhoidal affections. He considers it almost a spe- 
cific, notwithstanding the prejudice against aloes, in 
these affections of the rectum. 

Mixture of Elaterium. 
R. Extracti Elaterii, gr. j. 

Spiritus aetheris nitrisi, ^ij. 

Tincturae Scillae, 

Oxymellis Colchici, aa. -fss. 

Syrupi Simplicis, §j. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — To take a tea-spoonful three or four times a 

day in a little water. 

The above is the original prescription of Dr. Ferriar, 
who recommends it in the several forms of dropsy, and 
particularly in Hydrothorax. 
6 



42 CATHARTICS. 

Tincture of Jiloes and Canella Alba, vulgo, Tincture of Hiera Picra. 

R. Tincturae Hieras picrse, §j. 

A tea-spoonful may be taken every hour, or two hours, until it 
operates. 

Electuary with Jalap, Nitrate of Potash, 3'C. 

R. Pulveris Super-tartratis Potassae, 

Radicis Jalapas, 

Nitratis Potassae, aa. gss. 

Confectionis Sennae, §j. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. — utfiatelectuarium. — Of which a bolus the 
size of a hazlenut may be taken three or four times a-day. 

This preparation once gained considerable celebrity 
as a popular remedy for hemorrhoids. 

Electuary with Sulphur. 

R. Sulphuris sublimati, gss. 

Confectionis Sennae, giss. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. — ut fiat electuarium. — A tea-spoonful night 
and morning for a dose, in the disease above mentioned. 

ENEMATA. 

Enemata, used either as auxiliaries to or substitutes 
for cathartics, very properly succeed that class of reme- 
dies. 

They are employed to fulfill other indications, and 
the different preparations will be noticed under their 
appropriate heads. It is usual to direct three times 
the quantity to be given for an enema that is required 
for a dose^er os. For the purpose of procuring a dis- 
charge from the bowels, this rule may generally be 
observed ; but in some of the powerful remedies occa- 
sionally administered, as opium and tobacco, it might 
be attended with serious consequences. 

The following are the proportions recommended by 
Professor Chapman in the ordinary enemata for per- 
sons of different ages: — A child between the ages of 
one and five years old, from si v. to 5vj. A youth of 



CATHARTICS. 43 

ten or fifteen years, half a pint; and an adult, from a 
pint to a quart, according to circumstances. 

Enema with Oil, Salt, fyc. 

R. Olei Ricini vel Olivarum, 5ij. 
Syrupi sacchari rubri, ^ij. 
Sodii chloridi, gss. 
Infusionis Lini tepidae, Oj. 
Fiat enema. — One half to be thrown up the rectum with a syringe, 
and the remainder in half an hour or an hour, if the first produces 
no evacuation. 

Enema ivith Sulphate of Magnesia, fyc. 

R. Sulphatis Magnesias, vel Sodas, §ij. 

Olei olivarum, §j. 

Solutionis Amyli tepidae, Oj. 
Misce — Fiat enema. — Signa. — To be exhibited in the manner directed 

above. 

Enema of Colocynth. 

R. Colocynthidis medullas incisae, 3j. 
Aquas bullientis, §x. 
Sodae muriatis, gss. 
Mannae optimae, oj. 
Boil the Colocynth in the water for ten or fifteen minutes, and strain 
— then add the other ingredients. To be employed in cases of 
obstinate constipation. 

Enema of Oil of Turpentine. 

R. Olei Terebinthinse optimi, jfjss. 

Vitelli unius ovi, 

Solutionis gummi Arabici, vel 

Infusionis seminum Lini tepidi, Oj. 
Misce.* — To be administered secundum artem. 

The Venice turpentine may be substituted for the 
oil directed in this prescription ; and either of them, if 
required, may be given in larger quantities. 



44 CATHARTICS. ■ 

Enema of Infusion of Senna, fyc. 

R. Infusionis foliorum Sennas, Oj. 

Sulphatis Magnesias, ^ij. 
Misce. — One-half to be exhibited as an enema, and the remainder if 

necessary. 

Enema with Tartrate of Antimony, 

R. Tartratis Antimonii et Potassse, 9j. to 9ij. 

Solutionis gummi Arabici tepidae, Oj. 
Misce. — Exhibit as the former. 

Dr. Chapman recommends this preparation as one 
admirably calculated to overcome constipation, which 
is so obstinate as to resist the ordinary remedies. It is 
very powerful, and requires care in its management. 

Tobacco Enema, 

R. Foliorum Tabaci, gj. 
Aquee ferventis, Oj. 

Make an infusion in the usual manner, and use the half as an enema. 
It must be cautiously administered, as death has followed its impru- 
dent exhibition. In case of great prostration, the rectum should be 
at once washed out with copious injections of water or other simple 
diluents, accompanied by the internal use of stimulating drinks, and 
4he application of a mustard plaster over the region of the stomach. 



( 45 ) 



CLASS III 



DIURETICS. 

The rules for the administration of this class of re- 
medies are few and simple. 

Where there is much arterial excitement, a judi- 
cious use of the lancet should precede the employment 
of diuretics. 

The patient must be kept cool, and every precau- 
tion taken against perspiration; for these two secre- 
tions are well known to be antagonizing functions. 

In order to ensure the full effects of diuretics, di- 
luting drinks should be freely given, and especially 
those containing some diuretic in solution. 

POWDERS AND PILLS. 

Powder of Carbonate of Potash. 

R. Carbonatis potassse, 9ss. 

This powder may be most agreeably taken in a bottle of seltzer water, 
and repeated three or four times a-day. 

The same quantity of carbonate of soda may be ad- 
ministered in the same manner. 

Powder of Squill, fyc. 

R. Pulveris scilias, gr. xij. 

«— Nitratis Potassse, 3j. 



46 DIURETICS. 

Fiant pulveris vj. — Signa. — One to be given twice a-day in sugar and 
water. 

Some aromatic, such as cinnamon, may be added to 
this preparation, if the stomach should be disposed to 
reject it. 

Powders of Uva ursi, and Soda. 

R. Pulveris Uvae ursi, 3iss. 

Sodae Bicarbonatis, ^j. 
Misce, et divide in chartulas xij.— Signa. — One three times a-day in 
sugar and water. 

Useful in Nephritic complaints, and other affections 
of the bladder. 

Pills of Digitalis, Calomel, Opium, $c. 

R. Pulveris Digitalis, gr. xij. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. iv. 

Opii, gr. iv. 

Confectionis rosag, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulae xij. — Signa. — One to be taken every eight hours. 

Useful in Hydrothorax and Ascites, depending on 
visceral obstruction. 

Pills of Balsam of Copaiva. 

$.. Balsami Copaivae, gij. 
Magnesise ustae gr. vij. 
Misce in mortario. — 

Copaiva requires for its solidification one-seven- 
teenth its weight of perfectly pure magnesia. It will 
not, however, always become solid in these proportions, 
as the balsam suffers changes by age. The mixture 
thickens in about six or eight hours, and acquires 
greater solidity by time. The mass may be formed 
into pills of four grains each, of which two may be 
taken three or four times in the day. They answer 



DIURETICS. 47 

all purposes of the liquid balsam administered by the 
mouth. 

Powders of Ergot and Cubebs. 

R. Secalis cornuti, 9ij. 

Pulveris Cubebarum, Sj. 

Cinnamomi, gss. 

Sacchari purificati, gj. 
Divide into eight powders, of which one may be given three or four 
times a-day. In Leucorrhcea and Gleet. Br. Ryan. 

Pills of Extract of Bandelion. 

R. Extraeti Taxaxaci, gss. 

Pulveris Glycyrrhizae, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulae x. — One to be given morning, noon, and night. In 
Dropsy, and diseases of the urinary apparatus. 

Extract of Bandelion and Blue Mass. 

R. Extraeti Taxaxaci, gss. 

Massa3 ex Hydrargyro, gr. v. 

Pulveris uvae ursi, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulae x, et signa; one to be taken morning, noon, and night. 
In Dropsy complicated with disease of the liver. 

Pills of Squill and Calomel, &c. 

R. Hydrargyri chloridi mitis. 

Pulveris Scillae, aa. gr. xij. 
Conserves rosarum, q. s. — ut fiant pilulse xij. — Signa. — One night and 
morning, in dropsies depending upon visceral derangement. 

This preparation is one of the most celebrated of the 
diuretics; and where disease of the liver causes the 
effusion, is decidedly one of the best. When the calo- 
mel affects the mouth, it may be omitted, and the squill 
only continued. 

Pills of Sub-Carbonate of Soda. 

R. Sub-carbonatis Sodse exsiccatse, 3j. 

Saponis albi, 9ij. 
Aquae fontanea, q. s.—Ut fiant pilulse xxx. — Three to be taken three 
times a-day. Chiefly useful in calculous affections. 



48 DIURETICS. 

Pills of Calomel, Digitalis^ &c. 
R. Pulveris Scillae exsiccatae, gr. iv, 

Myrrhae, 9j. 

Digitalis foliorum, gr. x. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. vj. 

Simul tere et adde — 
Asafoetidae, gss. 
Extracti Gentianee, q. s. 
Fiat massa, in pilulas xv. dividenda. — Signa. — One night and morn- 
ing. Paris. 

Turpentine Pills. 

R. Terebinthinae albae, gj. 

Divide in pilulas xv. — Signa. — One four or five times a-day. 

MIXTURES, INFUSIONS, &c 

Mixture with Tincture Cantharides, &c 

R. Tincturae Cantharidum, 

Spiritus aetheris nitrici, aa. gtt. lx. 

Sacchari albi,gj. 

Aquae Mentha sativae, Sij. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful may be taken every three or 
four hours; desisting, if symptoms of strangury should supervene. 

Mixture of the Spirits of Nitre, &c. 

R. Spiritus aetheris nitrici, 3j. 

Tincturae Scillae, £ij. 
Fiat mistura — of which give a tea-spoonful five or six times in the 
day, with the following infusion: — 

R. Baccarum Juniperi, contus. 3j. 

Potassae super-tartratis, §ss. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — A tea-cupful for a dose with the above mixture. 

Solution of Cream of Tartar. 

R. Potassae super-tartratis, gj. 

Aquae destillatae, Oij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — To be freely drunk through the day. 



DIURETICS. 49 

Mixture of Acetate of Ammonia, &c. 

R. Liquoris Ammonias acetatis, 3ij, 

Potassae acetatis, 5ij. 
Misce, et signa. — A table-spoonful every three hours for a dose. 

Infusion of Parsley. 

R. Apii petroselini, 3j- 
Aquae bullientis, Oj. 

Fiat infusio, et cola. — Signa. — A tea-cupful may be taken with a tea- 
spoonful of spiritus nitri dulcis, every three or four hours during 
the day. 

A popular remedy in the strangury arising from 
blisters. 

Mixture of Tincture of Jalap, &c. 

R. Tincturae Jalapae, 3iij. 

Aceti Scillae, 5J. 

Aquae Menthae piperita?, ^j. 
Fiat haustus. — To be taken three times a-day. 

Infusion of Juniper Berries, $c. in Cider. 

R. Baccae Juniperi contusae, 

Seminum Sinapaeos, 

Ttadicis Zingiberis, aa. 5ss. 

Armoracias contusae, 

Apii petroselini, aa. 3j. 

Succi expressi et fermenti pomorum, Oij. 
Fiat infusio. — Of which a wine-glassful may be taken three or four 
times a-day. 

The above compound is recommended by Dr. Par- 
rish, in those cases of general dropsy which admit of 
stimulation, and in which the urinary secretion is dif- 
ficult to promote. He thinks he has found it of signal 
advantage. The cider should be old and sound. 
7 



50 DIURETICS. 

Oil of Juniper Berries, 
R. Olei Juniperi optimi, gss. 

Signa.— Five drops to be taken every three hours in sugar, gradually 
increasing the dose. 

Oil of Juniper, $c. 

R. Olei Juniperi, gtt. viij. 

Sacchari albi, 

Gummi arabici, aa. giss. 

Aquae destillatae, 3iv. 
Misce et signa. — A table-spoonful to be taken every hour or two 
hours. 

Infusion of Juniper Berries, fyc. 

R. Baccae Juniperi c.ontusae, 3iss. 
Super-tartratis potassae, 3j. 
Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Of this a tea-cupful may be taken four or six times 
a-day; adding to each a tea-spoonful of the sweet spirits of nitre. 
In general and local dropsy. 

Mixture of Colchicum, Squills, fyc. 

&. Oxymellis Colchici, 

Scillse, 

Tincturae Nicotians, aa. gss. 
M. Signa. — Take a tea-spoonful in a little water four times a-day. 

If requisite, the Spiritus sstheris nitrici may be 
added in the same quantity. This forms the diuretic 
drops of Dr. Ferriar. 

Infusion of Digitalis, #-c. 

R. Foliorum Digitalis, 3j. 
Aquae bullientis, Oss. 
Macerate for three hours, then strain.— Dose for an adult, a table- 
spoonful three times a-day. 

The prostrating effects of Digitalis should always be 
borne in mind by the practitioner : and the rule that 



DIURETICS, 51 

when it acts upon the stomach, the bowels, the pulse, 
or the kidneys, it should be discontinued, cannot, when 
we consider the power of the article, be too scrupu- 
lously observed. 

Mixture of Digitalis, Potash, $c. 

R. Infusionis Digitalis, 3iv. 

Tincturae Digitalis, £i. 

Acetatis Potassae, 3j. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. x. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful three or four times a-dayv 

Mixture of Spirits of Turpentine, 6fc. 

R. Olei Terebinthinae, gtt. C. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, 

Sacchari albi, aa. sy. 

Aquae Menthae sativae, ±iv. 
Fiat mistura.— -Signa. — A table-spoonful four or five times a-day, 
aided by some diuretic drink. 

This remedy is used in nephritic complaints with 
great benefit ; and in the passage of calculi down the 
ureters often affords great relief. 

Diuretic Liniment, 
R. Tincturae Scillae, 

Digitalis, aa. 3ij. 

Misce.— Employed with good effect as a liniment in symptomatic 
anasarca. m. Rullier. 

Decoction of Cainca. 
Be. Radicis Caincae, gij. 

Aquae, Oiss. 
To be gradually reduced by heat to one half. Dose—a table-spoonful 
three times a-day. In Dropsy. 

This root is derived from the Chiococca anguifuga 
a Brazilian plant, which has of late been extensively 
and efficaciously employed in Europe. It occasions 
watery evacuations and diuresis, whence its use in 
dropsy.— See Dimglison, New Remedies, p. 108. 



52 DIURETICS. 

Mixture of Carbonate of Potash, Squills, ^c. 

R. Carbonatis Potassae, 3j. 

Succi limonis, q. s. ad saturandum, 

Tincturae Scillae, gss. 

Opii, gtt. xxx. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, giv. 
Misce. — Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every two or three 
hours throughout the day. 

The vinegar or oxymel of squills may be substituted 
in this preparation, if deemed preferable. We selected 
the tincture, as being more uniform and least liable to 
spontaneous changes. 

Mixture of Wine of Colchicum, fyc. 

R. Vmi Colchici, gij. 

Magnesia? carbonatis, gj. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, 

destillatae, aa. iiij. 

Misce, et signa. — A table-spoonful may be taken every three hours. 

The vinum colchici is recommended by late Euro- 
pean writers as very beneficial in that particular form 
of Dyspepsia depending upon duodenal irritation ; ob- 
serving at the same time to employ occasional laxa- 
tives. 

Tincture of Colchicum and Digitalis. 

R. Tincturae seminum colchici, 

Digitalis, aa. £ij. 

Spiritus setheris nitrici, 9j. 
Misce. — Dose — twenty drops on a lump of sugar. Given as a diu- 
retic in Dropsy. 

Infusion of Uva Ursi, 

R. Uvae Ursi foliorum, §j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Pour the water boiling hot on the leaves, and let them macerate for 

twelve hours. To be taken cold, from half a pint to a pint, daily. 

Chiefly used in gonorrhoea and irritable bladder. 



DIURETICS. 53 

Mixture of Balsam Copaiba. 

R. Balsami Copaibae, 

Spiritus aetheris nitrici, aa. oSS. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, 

Saccharialbi, aa. ^j. 

Spiritus Lavendulae composite, gij. 

Tineturae thebaicae, gj. 

Aquas destillatae, ^iv. 
Fiat mistura secundum artem. — Signa. — A table-spoonful three times 
a-day. 

This remedy is more especially used in gonorrhoea, 
and is considered by Professor Chapman as a specific 
in that disease. A mode, perhaps, more elegant than 
any other of exhibiting balsam copaiva, consists in 
dropping the quantity prescribed for a dose in a wine- 
glassful of water, and then adding to it a small quan- 
tity of the Tine. Gentianse comp. The balsam collects 
into a globule, and is surrounded by the tincture, 
which, leaving its taste in the mouth, covers entirely 
that of the nauseous balsam. 

Mixture of Balsam Copaiva^ Cubebs, fyc. 

R. Balsami Copaibas, 

Pulveris Cubebae, 

Mucilaginus gummi Arabici, 

Tineturae Opii camphoratae, aa. ^ss. 

Sacchari albi, gij. 

Aquae destillatae, ^viij. 
Misce secundum artem et signa. — A table-spoonful every three hours 
for a dose. 

We think we have found this remedy, in some ob- 
stinate cases of gonorrhoea, more efficacious than the 
preceding formula. The tincture of cubebs may be 
substituted, for the powder — and the tine, opii acetat. 
5J. for the paregoric, if desirable. Balsam copaiva is 
sometimes exhibited in the form of enema, for the cure 
of gonorrhoea, by the French physicians. 



54 DIURETICS. 

Copaiba Bolus, 
B. Balsami Copaibse, gij. 
Gummia Arabicae, §j. 
Pulveris glycyrrhizae, q. s. 
To be made into a bolus, one-half to be taken in the morning, the 
other in the evening. 

This formula is much in use in the Parisian Hospi- 
tals, for obstinate gonorrhoea and gleet which resist the 
ordinary treatment. 

Pills of Copaiba, Calomel, fyc* 

R. Conserve rosarum, 3j« 
Resinae pterocarpi, gj. 
Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. xviij. 
Balsami Copaibae, ^ij. 
Misce. — To be divided into pills of six grains each, and one, two, or 
three to be taken morning and evening, according to circumstances. 
They are employed against long-continued gonorrhoea or gleet, 
when the inflammatory symptoms have been removed, and the dis- 
charge is owing to an atonic state of the mucous membrane. 

Ratier. 
Compound Mixture of Copaiba, $c. 

R. Balsami Copaibae, 1 
Aquae menthae, 

Syrupi simplicis, J 
Spiritus aetheris nitrici, gtt. xviij. 
Fiat mistura. — To be taken during the day in four doses, followed by 
demulcent drinks. In chronic gonorrhoea. 

Hydragogue Draught of Dr. Ferriar. 
R. Gambogiae, gr. iv. 

Spiritus iEtheris nitrici, 3j. 
Tincturae Sennae, gij. 
Syrupi Rhamni, 
Aquae Menthae, aa. 3ss. 
Misce. — Dr. Ferriar observes, that in cases of hydrothorax where 
there was imminent danger of suffocation, he has afforded imme- 
diate relief by the above draught. 



Alcoholis rectificati, - 



DIURETICS. 55 

Infusion of Dandelion, Sic, 

R. Tnfusionis Taraxaci, 51V. 

Extracti Taraxaci, ^ij. 

Carbonatis Soda?, gss. 

Tartratis Potassae, giij. 

Tincturae Rhei, ^iij. 

Hyosciami, gtt. xx. 

Fiat mistura. — Signa. — One third part to be taken three times a-day 

In dropsical and visceral affections. Dr. Meigs. 

Decoction of Pipsisseway. 

R. Pyrolae umbellatae, gj. 

Aquae, Oij. 
Macerate for twelve hours, and then gradually boil it down to one 

half. Dose — a wine-glassful three or four times a-day. — In Dropsy 

Spirituous Decoction of Pipsisseway. 

R. Pyrolae umbellatae, §j. 

Aquae, ^xij. 
Evaporate by heat to ivj. — Then add two ounces of Gin. Dose — a 

dessert-spoonful every two or three hours, with diluent drinks.-— 

In Dropsy accompanied by debility. 



( 56 ) 



CLASS IV. 



ANTILITHICS AND LITHONTRIPTICS. 

Antilithics are those substances which arrest or 
prevent the formation of calculi in the kidneys or blad- 
der. Lithontriptics are supposed to possess the power 
of dissolving calculous concretions, by acting on the 
substance which serves as the bond of union to the 
saline or acid particles composing the stone. 

To administer these remedies with any degree of 
success, requires a chemical knowledge of the ingre- 
dients which enter into the formation of the different 
calculi ; attention must also be given to the properties 
of the urine. 

As derangement of the digestive organs almost al- 
ways co-exists with these foreign bodies in the urinary 
apparatus, we shall gain a very considerable advantage 
by combining the remedies of this class with those 
which have a tendency to restore the healthy action 
of the stomach and bowels. 

When the Lithic or Uric acid abounds in the urine, 
the alkalies will be found to produce the greatest bene- 
fit; but where the salts are evidently of the calcareous 
or magnesian character, the muriatic, or some one of 
the mineral acids, will be the most appropriate re- 
medy. 

POWDERS. 

Powders of Uva Ursi, Bark, &c. 
R. Pulveris Uvae ursi, 

Cinchonae, aa. £ij. 

Opii, gr. iij. 



ANTILITHICS AND LITHONTRIPTICS. 57 

Misce, et divide in chartulas vj. — Of which one may be taken three 
or four times a-day. 

The above is the original prescription of Dr. Ferriar, 
who advises the patient to drink two ounces of aqua 
calcis after each dose. 

PILLS. 

Soap Pills, 
R. Saponis albi, 3j. 
Divide in pilulas xv. — Signa. — One every two hours during the day. 

Pills of Sub-carbonate of Soda, dried. 

R. Pilulae sub-carbonatis Sodae exsiccatae, xij. 
One three or four times a-day. — As under Diuretics. 

SOLUTIONS, MIXTURES, &c. 

Solution of Bi-carbonate of Soda, &c. 

R. Sodae Bi-carbonatis, 5j. 

Infusionis Quassiae, §iv. 

Tincturae Calumbae, gj. 
Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose four times a-day. 

Solution of Sal JEratus. 

R. Bi-carbonatis Potassae, gr. x vel xv. 

Aquae Seltzer, §vj. 
Misce. — Draught, to be taken three or four times a-day. 

Mixture of Bi-carbonate of Soda, fyc. #c. 

R. Sodae bi-carbonatis, 3j. 
Misturse amygdalae, giv. 
Balsami Copaibae, gij. 
Tincturae Opii, gtt. lx. 
Fiat mistura secundum artem. — Signa.—- A table-spoonful pro re nata.— 
In acute pain. 
8 



58 ANTILITHICS AND LITHONTRIPTICS. 

In combination with all these alkaline preparations, 
demulcent drinks may, with benefit, be freely em- 
ployed. 

Lime Water, &c. 

R. Carbonatis Potassae, Jij. 

Aquse Calcis, Oij. 
Fiat solutio. — Of which a wine-glassful may be taken every two hours, 
mixed with an equal quantity of new milk. 

Mixture of Magnesia, &c. 

R. Magnesia? carbonatis, gj. 
Infusionis Gentianae, ^yj. 
Fiat mistura. — A wine-glassful to be taken three times a-day. 

This remedy is recommended by Brande, of Lon- 
don, as superior to the alkalies, in cases where the uric 
acid abounds. 

Mixture of Muriatic Jlcid in Barley Water. 

R. Acidi muriatici, gtt. lx. 

Decocti hordei, ^vj. 
Misce. — Signa. — Dose, an ounce three or four times a-day. — In cases 
of stone, where the calcareous properties are most apparent. 

The nitric acid has been given with the same inten- 
tion, but appears to be less useful than the muriatic. 

Oil of Turpentine. 

R. Olei Terebinthinae, Jss. 

Signa. — From thirty drops to a large tea-spoonful may be taken on 

sugar, and repeated pro re nata. See also the formula given under 

Diuretics. 

This medicine has been frequently given of late in 
the passage of urinary calculi down the ureters. It is 
stated by Dr. Physick, (than whom there can be no 
higher authority,) that this remedy, proportioned in its 
dose to the degree of suffering, affords more prompt 
relief than any other. 



( 59 ) 



CLASS V. 



DIAPHORETICS. 

Duing the exhibition of this class of medicines the 
patient must be confined to his bed; and when diapho- 
resis is once excited, every precaution must be taken 
lest it be suddenly checked. 

Venesection should generally be resorted to when 
there is much arterial excitement with great heat of 
the skin, before we attempt to give diaphoretics. 
Where the skin continues steadily hot and dry, all 
external warmth must be removed, and cold water 
freely applied to the temples, hands, feet, &c, while 
the room is to be kept cool by a free current of fresh 
air. Under these circumstances, cold water may be 
frequently and plentifully drunk by the patient. Diapho- 
retics given in conjunction with these general means, 
will act with much more certainty than if great heat 
of the surface is maintained by covering the patient 
with heavy bed-clothes. If it be desirable to produce 
perspiration when the heat of the skin is not above 
the natural standard, we shall obtain our object most 
readily by placing the patient in a warm bed, giving 
him warm drinks freely, placing his feet in warm 
water, or applying hot bottles, or bags of sand, to the 
different parts of his body. The bags of sand accom- 
modate themselves to the inequalities of the surface, 
and are therefore an excellent means of applying heat 
externally. Warm bricks, covered with cloths, and 



60 DIAPHORETICS. 

wetted with vinegar, may also be used advantageously. 
Employed in this way they form a steam-bath. The 
same effect may be produced by conducting the va- 
pour of alcohol through a tube, under the bed-clothes 
of the patient. 

In few words, then, we have described the manner 
of producing diaphoresis under opposite states of the 
system. In the first instance we solicit, in the second 
we rather extort it. 

It may be proper to observe, that in the febrile af- 
fections the frequent change of linen about the patient 
is not only warrantable, but absolutely necessary, 
whilst employing this class of remedies. Where, 
however, we are desirous of producing what is em- 
phatically termed "a sweat" we should envelope the 
patient in a flannel shirt or gown, and avoid, as was 
before observed, every cause which may suddenly 
check the cutaneous discharge, and more especially 
purging and diuresis. 

POWDERS. 

Powders with Nitrate of Potash, Calomel, <£c. 

R. Pulveris nitratis Potassae, ^j. 

Tartratis Antimonii, gr. j. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. vj. 
Misce. — Fiant pulveres vj. — Signa. — One to be taken every two hours 
in sirup or molasses. In febrile affections. 

The calomel may be omitted or employed, at the 
discretion of the practitioner. 

Powders with Opium, Ipecacuanha, Calomel, &c. 

K. Pulveris Opii, gr. iij. 

— Ipecacuanha?, gr. vj. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. iss. 

Nitratis Potassae, 5ss. 
Misce. — Fiant pulveres vj. — Signa. — One to be taken every three 
or four hours. 



DIAPHORETICS. 61 

Powders with Guaiacum, &c. 

R. Pulveris Guaiaci. 

nitratis Potassaa, aa. 5j« 

Ipecacuanha, gr. iij. 

gummi Opii, gr. ij. 

Misce. — Fiant pulveres vj. — Signa. — One to be taken every three 
hours in a little jelly or molasses. 

The last prescription is a stimulating diaphoretic, 
and is particularly seviceable in acute rheumatism, 
after the reduction of inflammatory symptoms. 

Powders of Sulphate of Potash t Opium, &c. vidgo, Dover's 

Powders. 

R. Pulveris Opii, 

Ipecacuanha, aa, gr. vj. 

Potassae sulphatis, gr. xlviij. 

Misce. — Fiant pulveres vj, — Signa. — One to be taken three times 
a-day. 

The principal use of the sa T t in this preparation, 
appears to be to facilitate the minute division of the 
other two ingredients. Its crystals are extremely 
hard, and it should therefore be broken down and re- 
duced to powder in a mortar, at the same time with 
the other articles. It is one of the happiest and most 
useful combinations, and has stood the test of time and 
experience with undiminished reputation. To pro- 
mote its operation, warm drinks may be freely taken 
after each dose. 

Powders with Calomel, Opium, &c. 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. iv. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. xvj. 

Pulveris Ipecacuanhas, gr. viij. 
Misce.— Divide in pulveres viij. — Signa. — One to be taken every hour 
or two hours. 



62 DIAPHORETICS. 

This combination is recommended by Professor 
Chapman in dysentery. From its evident diaphore- 
tic tendency, we have been induced to place it under 
this head. 

Antimonial Powder. 

R. Oxidi Antimonii cum phosphate Calcis, zj. 
Divide in chartulas vj. — Signa. — One every two or three hours in fe- 
vers. Mixed in sirup or molasses. 

This powder, which has been introduced as the suc- 
cedaneum of the celebrated Fever Powder of Dr. 
James, has lately been pronounced inert by Mr. Richard 
Phillips, chemist of London. Learning that it had 
produced no effect when largely exhibited, he deter- 
mined to examine it chemically, and found it to consist 
of peroxide of antimony, (which he says is inert,) and 
the phosphate of lime in mixture. Dr. Paris observes, 
" It will be difficult for the chemist to persuade the 
physician he can never have derived any benefit from 
the exhibition of antimonial powder." 

Powders of Precipitated Sulphuret of Antimony, Calomel, &c 

R. Sulphured Antimonii prsecipitati, 
Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, aa. gr. vj. 
Pulveris Guaiaci, %j. 
Misce. — Fiant chartulae vj. — Signa. — To be taken morning and even- 
ing, with double or even triple proportion of the ingredients if neces- 
sary. In some cutaneous diseases. 

MIXTURES, &c. 

Mixture of Sub-carbonate of Potash,* Lemon Juice, &c. vulgo, Neu- 
tral or Saline Mixture. 

R. Succi limonis recentis, ?iss. 

Carbonatis Potassae, q. s. ad saturandum, 

Sacchari albi, zj vel 3ij. 

Tartratis Antimonii, gr. j. 

Aquae destillatas vel menthae, §iij. 
Misce. — A table-spoonful may be taken every two hours, in Fevers. 



DIAPHORETICS. 63 

This preparation is one of our most elegant and 
agreeable diaphoretics. Its powers are decidedly in- 
creased by the addition of tartar emetic. This, how- 
ever, may be omitted, and the sweet spirits of nitre 
substituted, if preferred. 

Solution of Citrate of Potash, 

R. Citratis potassse preparatae, Z'\). 
Aquse destillatee, giv. 
Olei limonis, gtt. ij. 
Sacchari albi, 3j« 
Misce. — A table-spoonful to be taken every two hours. — This prepa- 
ration is a good substitute for the preceding one, and is in several 
respects to be preferred. 

Pills of Antimonial Powder, Calomel, &c. 

R. Pulveris Antimonialis, gr. x. 

Opii pulveris, 

Hgdrargyri chloridi mitis, aa. gr. ij. 

Confectionis rosae, q. s. 
Fiant pilulse sequales quatuor. 
Signa. — Two to be taken at bed time. In acute rheumatism. 

Pills of Tartar Emetic, Camphor, fyc. 

&. Antimonii tartarizati, gr. ij. 

Pulveris Opii, gr. vj. 

C amphorae, gr. xxxvj. 

Spiritus rectificati, gtt. iij. 

Conserves rosarum, q. s. 
Fiat pilulse xij. — Signa. — One to be taken every fourth hour. 

Pills of Red Sulphur et of Mercury, fyc. 

R. Hydrargyri sulphureti rubri, 

Pulveris Serpentarise, aa gss. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. 
Fiat pilulee xij. — Signa, — Two of these may be taken three times a 

day. 



64 DIAPHORETICS. 

They are alterative as well as diaphoretic, and will 
be found -useful in herpetic, and other obstinate cuta- 
neous complaints. 

Pills of Sulphur et of Antimony, fyc. — Olim Plummets Pills. 

R. Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, 

Antimonii sulphureti, aa. 3SS. 

Pulveris Guaiaci, gj. 

Balsami Copaiba?, q. s. — ut fiant pilulae lx. 
Three of these pills may be taken night and morning. 

They were recommended by Professor Plummer in 
leprosy, secondary syphilis affecting the skin, gleets, 
old ulcers, &c. &c. The decoction of Guaiacum gene- 
rally accompanies their use. 

Anodyne Pills. 
R. Extracti Opii, gr. x. 

Antimonii sulphureti praecipitati, gr. xij. 

Nitratis Potassae, gr. xxiv. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. 

Ut fiant pilulae vj. 
Signa. — One at bed-time in rheumatic affections. To diminish pain 

and produce diaphoresis. M. Recamier. 

Effervescing Draught. 

R. Carbonatis Potassse, 3ij. 

Aquae destillatae, §iv. 
Misce et fiat solutio. 

R. Succi limonis recentis, 

Aquae destillatae, aa. ^ij. 
Misce, et signa. — Mix two table-spoonsful of the lemonade with one 

of the alkaline solution, and let it be drunk while effervescing, and 

repeated pro re nata. 

This preparation differs from the neutral mixture 
more in the mode of exhibition than in any other im- 
portant particular. It is of great value where the irri- 
tability of the stomach precludes the use of the ordinary 
diaphoretics. 



DIAPHORETICS, 65 

Sweet Spirits of Nitre, with Antimonial Wine, fyc. 

R. Tincturae thebaicae, gtt. xxv. 

Spiritus aether is nitrici, £j. 

Vini Antimonii, gtt. xx. 

Aquae destillatae, ^ss. 
Fiat mistura. — To be given at a dose, and repeated pro re nata. 

Dr. Chapman observes in his Therapeutics — " This 
combination very frequently acts as a diuretic in 
dropsy, and has more than once, within my know- 
ledge, removed the effusion in this disease, under cir- 
cumstances the least to be expected. 

Sweet Spirits of Nitre, fyc. 

R. Spiritus aetheris nitrici, gj. 

Vini Antimonii, gij. 
Misce, et signa. — A tea-spoonful may be taken every hour or two 

hours, in barley water, during the hot stage of intermittent and 

other fevers. 

Water of Acetated Ammonia, 8fc. 

R. Liquoris Ammoniae acetatis, ^ij. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, ^j. 

Vini Antimonii, gj. 

Aquae destillatae, ^ij. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every two or three hours. 

Tincture of Tolu with Wine of Antimony, #c. 

R. Tincturae Tolutani, 3 v. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, giij. 

Sacchari albi, 3j. 

Vini Antimonii, ^ss. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, ^ij. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful three or four times a-day. 

This is a stimulating diaphoretic, and will be found 
serviceable in pectoral diseases accompanied with an 
excessive mucous discharge, which appears to depend 
upon debility of the lungs. 
9 



66 DIAPHORETICS. 

Mixture with Camphor, Antimonial Wine, fyc. 

R. Misturas Camphoratae, gss. 

Aquae Ammoniae acetatis, gss. 

Vini Antimonii, gtt. xx. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. xx. 
Misce, et signa. — To be taken at bed-time, or oftener, but in the latter 
case diminishing the quantity of laudanum. 

For the prescription for Mistura camphorata, see 
Stimulants. 

Mixture with Guaiacum, §c. 
R. Pulveris Guaiaci, 3ij. 

Nitratis Potassae, 5iss. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, 3j. 

Tartratis Antimonii, gr. iss. 

Pulveris Glycyrrhizae, 3j. 

Aquae destillatae, vel Menthae, gviij. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful three or four times a-day. 

This preparation, if made without the extract of 
liquorice, is disposed to turn green, which gives it an 
unpleasant appearance, and alarms the patient some- 
times so much as to induce him to refrain from it until 
the physician arrives. It is employed principally in 
rheumatic cases. 

Sirup or Rob Anti-syphilitic of Laffecteur. 

R. Radieis Smilacis sarsaparillae, 

Arundinis phragmitis, aa. gxxx. 

Flonim Boraginis officinalis, 3viij. 

Foliorum Cassiae sennae, 

Petalarum rosae albas, aa. ^ij. 

Secchari albi, 

Mellis, aa. ffevj. 
Boil the sarsaparilla and marsh reed grass in nine pints of water for 
one hour; strain off the decoction, and pour the same quantity of 
water on the residuum, which is to be boiled for two hours: towards 
the end of the boiling add the borage flower, senna, and rose leaves, 
and then strain ofl, and to both decoctions add the sugar and honey, 
and boil the whole to the consistence of a sirup. 



DIAPHORETICS. 67 

The dose for men is six table-spoonsful, and for 
women four, taken without addition, at six in the 
morning. 

The sarsaparilla ptisan is then to be commenced; 
and is made as follows : — 

Boil |ij. of sarsaparilla in three quarts of water, to 
two quarts, suffer it to infuse during the night, and 
strain it off in the morning. 

This is to be drunk by the tumblerful, and several 
are to be taken during the day. 

The above preparation has lately been asserted, by 
the New York Medical Society, to be nearly identical 
with the noted panacea of Swaim. It is believed that 
corrosive sublimate is often introduced into these nos- 
trums at the discretion of the vender. That both the 
French and American have frequently salivated, is 
well ascertained. 

Decoction of Burdock, 

R. Radicis Arctii lappae consisae, §iij. 

Aquae fontanae, Oiij. 
Reduce the fluid by boiling to two pints, and strain. A tea-cupful 
may be taken for a dose, five or six times a-day. 

Recommended in syphilis, scurvy, arthritic affec- 
tions, &c. 

Decoction of Mezereon. 

R. Corticis radicis Daphnis mezerei, 3vj. 
Aquae fontanae, jfovj. 

Reduce by boiling to ffeiv., and near the end of the decoction, add 
Radicis Glycyrrhizae glabrae, gj. Strain, and give from one to four 
pounds per diem, as the stomach will bear it. Recommended in 
scrofula complicated with syphilis, &c. 

Decoction of Lobelia Syphilitica. 

R. Radicis Lobeliae syphiliticse siccatae et concisae, 3ss, 
Aquae fontanae, tb x li« 



68 DIAPHORETICS, 

Boil down to i^viij., and strain. Commence with half a pint daily, 
and increase it to two pints per diem, until free purging is induced; 
then omit it for three or four days, and resume and continue in this 
way until a cure is effected. 

Applicable to secondary syphilis, and those diseases 
depending on the excessive use of mercury. 

For a variety of decoctions of similar character, see 
Swediaur on Syphilis. 

Solution of Sulphate of Magnesia with Tartar Emetic. 
Give of this solution a table-spoonful every hour. 

For the prescription, see Cathartics. 

Solution of Citrate of Ammonia, fyc, 

R. Succi limonis recentis, ^j. 

Carbonatis Ammonias, q. s. ad saturandum, 

Saechari albi, gj. 

Aquae destillatae, vel Mentha?, g iy. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful may be taken every two or 
three hours, pro re nata. 

This preparation is seldom employed in the practice 
of this city. It may, however, be beneficially given, 
where we wish a pleasant stimulating diaphoretic. 

Infusion of Boneset. 

R. Eupatorii perfoliati, ^j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Infuse for thirty minutes in a covered vessel. Then decant and take 

a wine-glassful every hour, till perspiration is freely produced. 

The infusion must be taken as hot as it can be drunk, otherwise, it 

may produce vomiting. 

Decoction of Sarsaparilla, &c. 

5». Give of the Compound Decoction of Sarsaparilla, a tea-cupful four 
or five times a-day. 



DIAPHORETICS, 69 

This preparation, the formula for which is to be 
found in almost any Pharmacopoeia, has long been 
celebrated in the sequels of syphilis, and the disease 
produced by the improper exhibition of mercury. It 
is also much employed in rheumatism. The rules 
laid down in the Dispensatories for the preparation of 
the decoction should be closely observed. 

Infusion of the Asclepias Decumuens, or Pleurisy Root. 
R. Radicis Asclepiadis decumbentis, ?j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oiss. 
Fiat infusio. — Signa. — A tea-cupful to be taken warm, as frequently 
as the stomach will bear it. 

Professor Chapman observes of this plant — " As a 
diaphoretic, I think it is distinguished by great cer- 
tainty and permanency of operation, and has this esti- 
mable property, that it produces its effects without 
increasing much the force of the circulation, raising 
the temperature of the surface, or creating inquietude 
and restlessness." — Therapeutics, Vol L p. 347. 

Decoction of Barley luilh Nitrate of Potash. 
* R. Decocti Hordei, Oj. 

Nitratis Potassae, £ij. 

Succi limonis, ^j vel ^ij. 
Fiat potus. — To be used warm by the patient as a common drink. 

Infusion of Pipsisseway. 
B. Pyrolge umbellatae, 5j. 

Aquas bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — A tea-cupful every two hours. 

Mixture of Muriate of Baryta, &c. 
R. Muriatis Barytas, 

Muriatis Ferri, a a. gss. 
Aquae destillatae, 
Syrupi corticis aurantii, aa. ?j. 
Fiat mistura.— Signa.— The dose may be from twenty to thirty drops 
every three hours. In some scrofulous diseases of obstinate cha- 
racter, ffufeland. 

* For Decoction of Barley, see Dietetic?. 



( 70 ) 



CLASS VL 



EXPECTORANTS. 

During the administration of Expectorants the pa- 
tient should be kept warm, and, if the complaint be 
violent, in bed. The dose of all Expectorants should 
be repeated sufficiently often to allay the irritation as 
much as possible; for it is obvious that the act of 
coughing increases that very irritation which origi- 
nally gave rise to it. 

POWDERS, PILLS, &c. 

Powders of Myrrh, Ipecacuanha, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Myrrhae, gr. xij. 

Ipecacuanhae, gr. vj . 

Potassae nitratis, gss. 

Misce, et divide in doses quatuor. One to be taken every fourth hour. 
A stimulating expectorant. — Paris 9 Pharmacologia. 

Compound Powder of Ipecacuanha. 

R. Pulveris Doveri, gss. 

Divide in chartulas iij. — Signa. — One, two or three times a-day, in 
sugar and water. 

This remedy is introduced under the head of Dia- 
phoretics, where perhaps it most properly belongs; 
but it often proves of such decided advantage as an 
expectorant, that it also deserves an insertion here. 



EXPECTORANTS. 71 

Powders with Nitrate of Potash, Calomel, Opium, tyc. 

R. Nitratis Potassae, gj. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. vj. 

Pulveris Opii, gr. iij. 

■ — Ipecacuanhas, gr. vj. 

Misce, et divide in chartulas vj. — Signa. — One every two or three 
hours in sirup or molasses. 

This preparation closely resembles the former, with 
the exception that it contains calomel, which is often 
serviceable in pleuritic cases. 

It may be remarked, that all powders containing 
calomel, or other metallic preparations, should be 
given in sirup or molasses, as they sink when water is 
employed as the vehicle. 

Pills of Sulphate of Zinc and Myrrh. 
R. Sulphatis Zinci, gr.x. 
Pulveris Myrrhs, 3iss. 
Confectionis rosarum, q. s.— ut fiant pilulae xx. 

This prescription is taken from the Pharmacologia 
of Dr. Paris, who recommends two to be taken twice 
a-day. 

It is principally used in pertussis, in which disease a 
more efficient direction would be to give a pill every 
two hours. Dr. Paris remarks, that the principal nos- 
trums for whooping-cough are formed either of opium 
or sulphate of zinc. 

Pills of Conium, Ipecacuanha, fyc. 
R. Extraeti Conii, 

Pulveris Ipecacuanhae compositi, aa. gr. x. 
Misce. — Fiant pilulae iv. — Of which two may be taken at bed-time.— 
In pulmonary irritation, attended with rheumatic and other local 
pains. 

Pills of Tartar Emetic, fyc. 
R. Tartratis Antimonii et Potassee, 
Opii, aa. gr. iij. 
Pulveris Tragaeanthae, gr. x. 



72 EXPECTORANTS. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s. — ut fiant pilulae 1. — Signa.— Two to be 
taken night and morning. In obstinate pulmonary catarrh. 

Dr. Pariset. 

Pills of Squill, Ammoniac, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Scillae, gr. xxx. 

Ammoniaci gummi resinae, 3iss. 
Extracti Conii, gr. xxx. 
Contunde simul, et divide massam in pilulas aequales xxx. — Of which 
two may be taken twice a-day. In asthma and chronic catarrh. 

Pills of Squill, Calomel, #c. 

R. Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. iij. 

Scillae recentis, 

Ammoniaci gummi resinae, aa. 9j. 

Pulveris Ipecacuanhas compositi, 3J. * 

Confectionis rosae, q. s. — ut fiant massa et divide in pilulas xxx. — 
Signa. — One three or four times a-day. In troublesome cough. 

Dr. Latham. 

The recent squill is greatly preferred by some phy- 
sicians. It is generally given in doses double the size 
of those of the dried article. 



Pills of Sulphate of Zinc. 

R. Sulphatis Zinci, 9ss. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s. — ut fiant pilulae xx. — One of these pills 
may be given three times a-day. 

They are recommended by some physicians in 
phthisis and pertussis. 

Tar Pills. 

R. Picis liquidae, 3J. 

Pulveris glycyrrhizae, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulae xxx vel xl. — One to be taken every three or four 

hours. 



EXPECTORANTS, 73 

Pills of Calomel, Squills, <^c. 

R. Hydrargyri ehloridi mitis, gr. xxiv. 

Pulveris Scillae, Jss. 

Tartratis Antimonii, gr. vj. 

Pulveris Opii, gr. xviij. 
Fiant pilulae xxiv. — Signa. — One every night. In catarrhal affections. 

Ipecacuanha Pills. 

R. Pulveris Ipecacuanha, gr. xv. 

Saponis albi, q. s. — ut fiant pilulae xv* — Signa. — One three times 
a-day. 

These pills are employed in protracted catarrh, and 
in some cases of incipient phthisis. 

Pills of Myrrh, fyc- 

&. Myrrhae gummi resinae, 3iss. 
Scillae exsiccatae, Jss. 
Extracti Hyosciami, 9ij. 

Aquae destillatae, q. s. — ut riant pilulae xxx.— Two to be taken 
night and morning. 

These pills are recommended by Dr. Paris, in cases 
of phthisis and catarrh attended with great debility of 
the lungs. 

Lozenges with Liquorice, Opium, $*c. 

R. Pulveris gummi Acaciee, 

Extracti Glycyrrhizae, 

Sacchari albi, aa. 5»j* 

Opii, gr. vj. 

Olei Anisi, gtt. iv. 
Misce, et adde — 

Aquae destillatae, q. s. — ut liant trochisci lx.- — Signa. — One of these 
may be dissolved in the mouth three or four times a-day. 

These are the celebrated Cough Lozenges of Dr. 
Wistar. 

10 



74 EXPECTORANTS. 

Emetine Lozenges. 

R. Emitinae coloratee, gr. xxxij. 
Sacchari albi, ^ij. 

Divide into Lozenges, each weighing ten grains. One of these will 
produce more or less nausea in a child; but if this is not desirable, 
they can be taken in divided portions. Adults may take five or six 
at intervals of two hours, without the risk of vomiting. 

Cubeb Lozenges. 

R. Pulveris cubebarum, 51J. 
Balsami Tolutanae, gr. vj. 
Syrupi Balsami Peruviani, 
Extracti Glycyrrhizae, aa. 5j. 
Gummi arabici, q. s. 
Mix, and divide into Lozenges of ten grains each. These are called 
Spitta's Lozenges, and are celebrated for the relief they afford in 
Coryza. 

MIXTURES, SIRUPS, &c. 

Mixture with Extract of Liquorice, $c, vulgo, Brown Mixture. 
R. Pulveris extracti Glycyrrhizae, 



gummi Arabici, aa. ^ij. 

Aquae ferventis, ?iv. 
Misce. — Fiat solutio, et adde — 

Spiritus aetheris nitrici, 5'j« 

Vini Antimonii, ^ij . 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. xl vel Ix. 
Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose, jiro re nala. In catarrh. 

Mixture with Sirup of Squills, fyc. 

R. Syrupi Sciilae, 5ss. 

Tincturae Opii camphoratas, 31J. 

Vini Antimonii, 3j. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, 3ss, 

Aquae destillatae, 5ij. 
Misce, et signa. — A tea-spoonful every hour or two hours. 

This is more particularly designed for children, 



EXPECTORANTS. 75 

Compound Sirup of Squills, vidgo, Cove's Hive Sirup. 

R. Syrupi Scillae compositi, ^j. 

A tea-spoonful may be given to a child of one year old every quarter, 
half, or one hour, according to the violence of the disease. 

Strongly recommended in pertussis, by Professor 
Coxe. 

The following appears to be a more elegant com= 
pound. 

R. Infusionis Polygalas senegas, ?iv. 

Syrupi Ipecacuanhas, ?j. 

Oxymellis Scillitici, 3hj. 

Tartratis Antimonii, gr. iss. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful pro re, nala for children of two 
years of age. In croup. 

Infusion of Poly gala. 
R. Radicis Senegas, Jij. 

Aquas bullientis, 5vj. 

Syrupi Tolutanae, 5j. 

Gummi Ammoniaci, tss. 
Misce. — A table-spoonful is to be given every two hours. In catarrh, 

Mixture of Extract of Conium, fyc. 
R. Extracti Conii maculati, 3j. 
Tincturse Opii camphoratas, 3ss. 
Syrupi Tolutani, ^ss. 
Aquas rosarum, §iv. 
Misce, et signa. — From half to a whole tea-spoonful may be given once 
in four hours to a child one year old. 

Dr. Pearson, in his work on pertussis, recommends 
the above as a valuable formula where a narcotic is 
wanted. 

Mixture of Almond Emidsion, tyc, 
R. Misturas Amygdalae, !|v. 

Vini Ipecacuanhas, 

Tinturas Scillae, aa. 3j.. 

Syrupi Tolutani, gvj. 
Misce, et signa.— Take a table=spoonlul whenever the cough is urgent, 



76 EXPECTORANTS. 

Almond emulsion is prepared by depriving the ker- 
nels of sweet almonds of their skins by immersing 
them in warm water, (called blanching.) Then beat- 
ing them with some sugar to a pulp in a mortar, and 
adding water gradatim until an emulsion of sufficient 
thickness is formed. It is then to be strained. 

White Linctus. 

R. Amygdalarum dulcium, no. xv. 

Gummi Tragacanthae, 9j, 

Syrupi simplicis, gj. 

Olei Amygdali communis, gij, 

Aquse florum Aurant: sij. 

destillatse, 51V. 

Misce.— -Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose, frequently through the 
day. In catarrh. 

Mistura Moschi. 
See Antispasmodics. 

Mixture of Oil of Amber, fyc. 

R. Olei Succini rectificati, gtt. Ixxx. 

Gummi Arabici, 

Sacchari albi, aa. gss. 

Tincturae balsami Tolutani, sij- 

Aqua? destillatse, §iv. 
Fiat mistura secundum artem. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every two 
or three hours. In spasmodic cough. 

Mixture with Carbonate of Potash, <$-e, 

R. Carbonatis Potassse, 31J. 

Yini Antimonii, 3J. 

Tincturse Opii, gtt. xl. 

Spiritus Lavendulse compositi, 5ij. 

Aquae destillatse, siv. 
Fiat mistura. — And let a table-spoonful be taken every hour or two 
hours. 



EXPECTORANTS. 77 

Mixture with Bi-carbonale of Soda, <$•<?. 

B. Bi-carbonatis Sodas, gr. xij. 

Vini Ipecacuanhas, gtt. xx. 

Tincturae Thebaicas, gtt. iv. 

Aquas destillatas, ^j. 
Misce. — Signa. — Give a tea-spoonful every two or three hours. 

This preparation is designed for children, and is 
chiefly used in pertussis. 

Solution of Carbonate of Potash with Cochineal, 

R. Carbonatis Potassas, 9j. 

Pulveris Coccinellae, 9ss. 

Sacchari albi, Jj. 

Aquae destillatas, 5iv. 
Fiat solutio. — Dose for children a tea-spoonful every two or three 
hours. 

This is a popular remedy in pertussis. 

Mixture with Tincture of Digitalis, $c. 

R. Tincturae Digitalis, 5ss. 

— Opii, gtt. lx. 

Aquas destillatas, 5ijss. 
Misce. — A small tea-spoonful may be taken three or four times a-day. 
In haemoptysis and in incipient phthisis. 

Solution of Jlsafoetida, 8?c. 

R. Gummi Asafcetidas, 3J« 

Aquas destillatas, 5iv. 
Fiat solutio, et adde— 

Tincturas Tolutani, gss. 

Opii, gtt. xl vei 1. 

A tea-spoonful to a child every two hours, and a pap-spoonful, (or 
more,) as frequently to an adult. 

This preparation is one of great value in p-urtussis 
and all spasmodic diseases of the chest. 



78 EXPECTORANTS. 

Tincture of Blood Boot. 

R. Tincturae Sanguinariae Canadensis, Saturate, quantum placet. 
Direct from 30 to 50 drops twice in the day. 

This native product is one of the most powerful me- 
dicinal agents. It is violently emetic in large doses. 
In the quantity recommended it is said to produce dia- 
phoresis, as well as effects analogous to digitalis. 

Its active principle has been separated and is called 
" sanguinarina." 

Solution of Gum Ammoniac, &c. 

R. Gummi Ammoniaci, ^j. 

Aquas destillatse, ^iv. 
Fiat solutio, et adde — 

Oxymellis Scillae, gij. 

Tincturae Opii camphoratae, gss. 
A table-spoonful maybe given every two hours. 

This is a stimulating expectorant, and is useful in 
cases where debility appears to be the principal dis- 
ease of the lungs. 

Mixture with Milk of Asafcetida and Acetate of Ammonia. 

R. Gummi Asafcetidae, 3ss. 

Liquoris Ammoniae acetatis, 

Aquae Menthae, aa. gij. 
Fiat mistura. — A tea-spoonful to children, and a table-spoonful to 
adults in coughs, pro re nata. 

This simple solution of asafoetida is frequently em- 
ployed, and may, in some cases, be found to answer 
every purpose of a more complicated prescription. 

Mixture of Copaiba and Balsam Tolu, &c. 

R. Balsami Copaibas, 

Tolu, 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, aa. 5ss. 
Acidi sulphurici aromatici, gtt. 1. 
Aquae destillatse, ^vj. 



EXPECTORANTS. 79 

Fiat mislura. — Dose, a table-spoonful pro renata. In chronic whoop- 
ing-cough. Where there is hectic excitement, digitalis may be 
added. 

Tincture of Tolu ivith Digitalis, #c. 

R. Tincturss Tolutani, giss. 

Acidi sulphurici aromatici, 

Tincturae Digitalis, 

Vini Antimonii, aa. gij. 

Mellis despumati, giss. 

Pulveris Glycyrrhizae/gss. 

Aquae destillatae, 3vj. 
Fiat mistura, et signa. — A table-spoonful to be given, according to cir- 
cumstances. In Tussis senilis. 

Mixture with Balsam Peru, &c. 

R. Balsami Peruviani, gss. 

Mucilaginis Acacise, £ij, 

Aquae Cinnamomi, 

destillatae, aa. ^ss. 

Misce. — Signa. — To be taken at once, and repeated three or four times 
a-day. In cases of debilitated lungs. 

The different Balsams have been almost proscribed 
from the class of expectorants, on account of their sti- 
mulating qualities. Balsam Copaiva was once em- 
ployed, and has again been proposed by a modern 
writer, in diseases of the trachea. 

The author has prescribed it with great advantage in 
that peculiar hoarseness which sometimes results from 
a violent attack of measles. 

Tar Water. 

R. Picis liquidae, Oij. 
Aquae cong. j. 

Mix them, and stir them together with a wooden rod for an hour, then 
let the tar subside, strain the water and keep it in well-corked bot- 
tles. — A pint, or even two pints, may be taken daily. 



80 EXPECTORANTS. 

Mixture of Gum Ammoniac and Nitric Acid, called Nitric Lac 
Ammoniac. 

R. Gummi Ammoniaci, 9ijss. 
Acidi nitrici, gij. 
Aquae destillatae, §viij. 
Pour the nitric acid and water together, then add the compound gra- 
dually to the gum, incorporating them well in a composition mortar, 
A table-spoonful may be taken three or four times a-day. 

This preparation is strongly recommended in pro- 
tracted catarrh, and some stages of phthisis pulmonalis, 
by Dr. J. Stuart, author of a treatise on Colds. 

Mixture of Spermaceti, fyc. 

R. Spermatis Ceti, 3\]« 
Sacchari albi, Jiij. 
Tincturae Opii camphoratee, 5ss. 
Aquae destillatae, ^ viij. 
Rub the spermaceti and sugar together with the yelk of an egg, then 
gradually mix the water. — A table-spoonful for a dose, four or five 
times a-day. In Catarrh. 

Sirup of Tolu ivith Belladonna, <$c. 

R. Extracti Belladonnas, gr. xij. 

Vini Ipecacuanhae, 3j« 

Syrupi Senegae, 5ss. 
Misce et signa. — To take a tea-spoonful three or four times a-day, 
freely using gum water acidulated with lemon juice. In Coughs. 

Mucilage of Gum Arabic* 

R. Gummi Acaciae optimi, ^ss. 

Aquae ferventis, 5iv. 
Fiat solutio. 

Used in most pectoral diseases. 



EXPECTORANTS. 81 

Infusion of Flaxseed, $c. 

R. Seminutn Lini, 3j. 

Radicis Glycyrrhizae, ^ss. 

Aquae bullientis, Oij. 
Macerate for two or three hours near the fire in a covered vessel; 
strain, and add lemon juice sufficient to make it agreeable. 

It may be given as a common drink in catarrh. 

Decoction of Iceland Moss. 

R. Lichenis Islandici, ^j . 

Aquae fontanse, Oiss. 
Boil to one pint, and strain. 

This remedy once acquired great celebrity in coughs ; 
but was overrated, and lost its reputation. It contains 
a bitter quality, which often recommends it in dyspep- 
sia and in phthisis. From this it may be freed if ne- 
cessary, by macerating it before boiling, and throwing 
the first liquor away. To be taken ad libitum by the 
patient. 

Prussic or Hydrocyanic Acid. 

As prussic acid rises to the top of an aqueous mix- 
ture, and thereby renders the dose very uncertain, we 
prefer directing the patient to drop the dose each time 
into a solution of gum Arabic or simple sirup. It 
should be kept covered from the light, and not allowed 
to be accessible to those unacquainted with its power, 
as even a strong inhalation will sometimes prostrate an 
adult. The physician should also know after what 
process the acid is made that he prescribes. That of 
Scheele, who discovered it, affords an acid containing 
some water, and this may be unequal at different times. 
The process of Gay Lussac, yields a fluid free from 
admixture, and of course much more energetic than 
the former. Majendie directs the Prussic acid of Gay 
Lussac to be diluted with 8.5 times its weight of water, 
and this he denominates Medicinal Prussic Acid. This 
11 



82 EXPECTORANTS. 

remedy is doubtless very efficacious in some diseases, 
but it is to be regretted that it is liable to such inequa- 
lity of strength. We are told by Majendie, that, left 
to itself in close vessels, it decomposes sometimes in 
less than an hour, and can scarcely be kept over fifteen 
days. This is to be understood only of the acid of 
Gay Lussac. 

The Prussic acid of Brande, as kept in our shops, 
may be commenced in doses of a drop three times 
a-day in mucilago acacise, or sugar and water, and aug- 
mented one drop daily, until its action on the system 
is fully displayed. 

Majendie directs the following, among other formu- 
lse, for the exhibition of his medicinal Prussic acid, 

Pectoral Mixture. 

R. Acidi Hydrocyanici, £j. 
Aquas destillatae, fkj. 
Sacchari albi, xiss. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A pap-spoonful may be taken morning and 
evening, and gradually increased, (if necessary,) to six or eight 
spoonsful in the twenty-four hours — shaking the vial each time. 

Prussic acid is also used externally, in the propor- 
tion of 5ij. to Oj. of water, or other fluids. In cancer- 
ous ulcers; dartre; and 4 injected into the vagina, in 
cancer of the uterus. — See Majendie 's Formulary, Edit. 
5th, p. 66. 

Dr. Morton's mode of administering Prussic acid is 
as follows : — 

" In prescribing it I have mostly confined myself to 
•a single prescription, which is a slight modification of 
that recommended by Dr. Granville of London. — Let 
half an ounce of grim Arabic be dissolved in seven 
ounces and a half of water, to which add half an ounce 
of sirup of tolu and twelve drops of Prussic acid pre- 
pared according to the formula of the London Phar- 
macopoeia. Of this mixture, a 1 able -spoonful maybe 



EXPECTORANTS. 83 

taken every three hours,— a medium dose which I 
prefer in commencing the use of so powerful a medi- 
cine." — Illustrations of Pulmonary Consumption, p. 
132. 

Cyanide of Potassium, 

By dissolving this substance in eight times its weight 
of distilled water, it becomes the hydrocyanate of po- 
tassa, and may be employed as a remedy in the same 
doses as Prussic acid. It is said to exercise the same 
power over the system as the latter, with the advan- 
tage of being a more uniform and permanent medi- 
cine. 

Mixture of Cyanide of Potassium .■ 

R. Potassii hydrocyanici medicatae, 5J- 

Aquae destillatae, Oj, 

Sacchari purificati, ±iss. 
Fiat solutio.-— Dose — a table-spoonful night and morning. 

Majendie. 

Cyanide of Potassium, 

Ro Potassii cyanidi, gr. ss. 

Aquae lactucae, Jij. 

Syrup althaea?, 3j. 
Fiat mistura. — Dose — a table-spoonful every two hours. — Majendie. 

Pills of Cyanide of Potassium. 

R. Potassii cyanidi, 

Amyli, aa. gr. iv. 

Syrupi simplicis, q, s. 
Ut riant pilulae, viij. Dose — a pill night and morning. 

The preceding preparations are chiefly adminis- 
tered in pectoral affections, as Asthma, Bronchitis, 
Phthisis, &c. 



84 EXPECTORANTS. 

Mixture of Gum Ammoniac, tyc. 

R. Misturae Ammoniaci, jiij. 

Tinctures Castorei, 3 SS « 

Syrupi Tolutani, gss. 

Tincturas Opii, gtt. v. 

Aquas Cinnamomi, 5j. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A small table-spoonful every three or four 
hours in troublesome cough. Dr. Meigs. 

Mixture of Morphia and Tolu. 

R. Oxymellis Scillas, §iss. 
Syrupi Tolutani, j^ss. 
Acetatis Morphias, gr. ij. 
Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful may be taken every two or three 
hours, pro re nata. Useful in Phthisis pulmonalis, and other dis- 
eases attended with troublesome cough. Dr. Meigs. 

Tolu with Morphia and Antimony. 

R. Mucilaginis gummi Arabici, Oj. 

Syrupi Tolutani, ±ij. 

Morphias sulphatis, gr. iss vel ij. 

Antimonii tartarizati, gr. ij. 
Misce, et signa. — A table-spoonful to be given every two hour's. 

Morton on Consumption, page 123. 

Decoction ofSeneka Boot. 

R. Radicis Polygalas senegas contusas, gj. 

— Glycyrrhizas, gss. 

Aquas destillatas, Oiss. 
Boil down to a pint, and strain. 

This decoction is serviceable in pectoral diseases. 
In croup, the author has seen it productive of great 
benefit. 

INHALATION. 

Inhalation is a means of applying remedies directly 
to the lungs. 



EXPECTORANTS. 85 

The best instrument for this purpose is the Inhaler 
of Mudge. As a substitute however, the common tea- 
pot may be used, or a funnel inverted over a bowl. 

The substances usually selected for inhalation are — 

The steam of warm water : 

The steam of vinegar, produced by pouring it into 
boiling water. 

Also, Balsam Tolu, as follows : — 

R. Balsami Tolutani, ^j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Misce. — To be inhaled in diseases of the lungs. 

Ether is also used alone, or impregnated. When 
saturated with cicuta, and inhaled from a wine-glass, 
it is said to be serviceable in protracted catarrh, pneu- 
monia, consumption, &c. Dr. Morton advises Dr. 
Pearson's formula, which consists in keeping a drachm 
of powdered cicuta in an ounce of ether for a week. 
A tea-spoonful or two of this impregnated fluid may 
be inhaled at a time, and repeated thrice per diem. — 
Morton on Consumption, page 136. 

Stramonium is an article recommended particularly 
in asthma and consumption. The root is cut, dried, 
and smoked from a common pipe. 

Fumigations of tar and turpentine are also recom- 
mended from high authority. The former is said to 
have cured consumption. It usually is applied by 
placing the tar on a dish over coals, and suffering it 
slowly to evaporate : — but a far neater and more effec- 
tual mode is that practised by Sir Alexander Crichton, 
viz : " an ounce of potash is added to every pound of 
tar, in order that the latter may be deprived of its 
pyroligneous acid. The two ingredients being well 
mixed, should be first boiled for a few minutes in the 
open air, in order to disengage any impurities, and 
then be kept at a simmer in the room of the patient. 
This is effected by putting the mixture in an iron ves- 
sel, and placing the latter over a spirit lamp, or some 



86 EXPECTORANTS. 

analogous contrivance. In this way, not only a cham- 
ber, but an entire house, is speedily pervaded by a 
most agreeable vapour, which, although it may at first 
excite some disposition to cough, both in healthy and 
sick persons, very soon, in a majority of cases, allays 
this symptom, and with it a great proportion of the 
patient's distress." — Morton, ut supra. 

The fumes of resin are frequently employed by Dr. 
Parrish, of this city; he directs it to be put on a hot 
shovel, or coals, and allows the patient to inhale it gra- 
dually until it is ascertained whether it can be borne. 
To some persons it is very agreeable, while the lungs 
of others cannot tolerate it. He has found it beneficial 
in debility of the lungs, whether idiopathic or the re- 
sult of disease; and also advises it in pertussis and 
phthisis. 

In some cases of croup, the inhalation of ether or 
Hoffman's anodyne, will often procure the most prompt 
relief, and gain time for the application of general re- 
medies. 

Chlorine gas has also been much used by inhalation, 
not pure, however, but mixed or diluted with atmo- 
spheric air. For this purpose a little acid of any kind 
may be dropped gently on a mixture of chloride of 
lime, by which means the chlorine is gradually disen- 
gaged, and be inhaled as it rises; or, the air of a room 
may be charged with it in like manner. It has been 
much commended in Bronchitis and the kindred affec- 
tions, but is getting into disuse from its manifest want 
of efficacy.* 

* Fumigation of Chlorine. 
§.'. Muriatis Sodee, Ibij. 
Oxidi Manganesii, ^v. 
Aquse, ffej. 
Acidi Sulphurici, fbj. 
Mix the salt and manganese, and add at proper intervals the acid and water, 
mingled. When used in the wards of hospitals or other infected apartments, 
the patients should be previously removed. For the method of preparing the 
different chlorides used as disenfecting agents, see Journal of the Philadelphia 
College of Pharmacy, Vol. I, No. 1. 



EXPECTORANTS. 87 

The following is Dr. Scuddamore's recipe for Iodine 
Inhalation : 

R. Iodinse, 

Iodidi potassii, aa gr. vj. 

Aquae destillatse, £v Jvj. 

Alcohol, §j. 
Mix, and use for inhalation. 

" I usually commence with a drachm of this mixture, proceeding 
gradually to the extent of half an ounce, (rarely more,) putting two- 
thirds the dose for the first half of the time (10, 15, or 20 minutes,) 
and the other third for the remainder, always adding thirty minims of 
a saturated tincture of conium, with an increase if the cough be very 
irritable. Occasionally I add some saturated tincture of ipecacuanha; 
and when the respiration is spasmodically affected, some aetherial 
tincture of the lobelia inflata." — Scuddamore. 



( ^ ) 



CLASS VI L 



EMMENAGOGUES. 

Emmenagouges are those medicines which promote 
the menstrual discharge, or restore it when entirely 
suppressed. Although by some authors the specific 
action of these medicines on the uterus has been ques- 
tioned, if not denied, yet by others, whose authority 
is equally to be trusted, it has been fully acknow- 
ledged. 

It must, however, be observed, that amenorrhcea oc- 
curs under opposite states of the system; and where 
general debility appears to be the cause of the local dis- 
ease, it is advisable to accompany the emmenagogue 
with an active course of tonics. While, on the con- 
trary, if the obstruction be the effect of a plethoric habit, 
bleeding, cathartics, &c, are essential preliminaries to 
the exhibition and success of a specific remedy. 

POWDERS. 

Powder of Hiera Picra. 

R. Pulveris Hierae picrae, ta. 

Divide in chartulas vj. — One three times a-day. 

This article is placed under the head of cathartics, 
but it is a remedy so generally employed as an em- 
menagogue; that it appears necessary also to insert it 
here. 



EMMENAGOGUES. 89 

Powder of Madder. 

K. Pulveris Rubiae tinctori, ^ss. 

Signa.— A small tea-spoonful to be taken morning, noon" and night, in 
sugar and water. 

It should be remembered that there are three or four 
qualities of madder, which circumstance may account 
for the frequent failure of this remedy. Dr. Dewees 
frequently employs it. 

Powder with Savin, &c. 

R. Sabinae exsiccatae, 

Pulveris Zingiberis, aa. 3j. 

Potassae sulphatis, gij* 

Fiant pulveres vj. — Signa. — One to be taken twice a-day. 

Powder with Savin and Cantharides. 

H. Pulveris Sabinae, 3ij. 

Cantharidum, gr. ij. 

Misce et divide in pulveres iv. — Signa. — One to be taken every night, 
on going to bed. 

Powder of Spurred Rye. 

R. Pulveris Secalis cornuti, 9ij. 

Divide in chartulas iv — Of which one may be taken morning and 
night, in sugar and water. 

Drs. Chapman and Dorsey have placed this remedy 
under the head of Emmenagogues, though we are not 
aware that it has ever been successfully employed as 
such. 

Pills of Myrrh, Sulphate of Iron, fyc. 

R. Gummi Myrrhae, 

Sulphatis Ferri, aa. 9ij. 
Carbonatis Potassae, 
Saponis puriiicati, aa. zss. 
Fiat massa, in pilulas xl. dividenda. — Of which two may be taken 
morning, noon and night. In that suppression of the catamenia 
which is incident to phthisis pulmonalis. 
12 



90 e:\imenagogue8. 

Hoopefs Pills. 

R. Sulphatis Ferri, 9j. 
Pulveris Sennae, 
— — Jalapae, 

— ■ Super-tartratis Potassae; aa. 9ss. 

— - — - Zingiberis, gr. xij. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. — ut fiat massa, in pilulas xxv. dividenda. 
The patient is directed to take three twice in the day, followed by 
twenty drops of the tinctura ferri muriatis in a glass of some bitter 
infusion. 

This compound is sold by the apothecaries as a 
patent medicine. 

Pills o/Jlloes, Sulphate of Iron, $*c. 

;R. Sulphatis Ferri exsiccati, 9j. 

Pulveris Aloes, 9ij. 

Caryophylli, gr. v. 

Terebinthinae venetas, q, s. — ut nant pilulae xx. — Signa.— *One to 
he taken three times a-day. 

DECOCTIONS, TINCTURES, &c 

Decoction of Seneka* 

B. Radicis Senegas contusae, ?j. 

Corticis Aurantiarum, ij. 

Aquas destillatae, Oj. 
Let the seneka simmer over a slow fire until the fluid be reduced one- 
third; add the orange-peel, cover until cool, and then strain. 

Dr. Chapman observes — " My rale in the adminis- 
tration of the medicine in these cases, (that is, of 
amenorrhea,) is to give about four ounces of the de- 
coction, more or less, during the day, according to the 
circumstances of the case. But at the time when the 
menstrual effort is expected to be made, and until the 
discharge is actually induced, I push the dose as far as 
the stomach will allow, having given as much as two 
ounces every hour." — Therapeutics, Vol II. p. 38. 



EMMENAGOGUES, 91 

Infusion of Ergot. 

R. Secalis Cornuti contusi, 3y« 

Aquae bullientis, 5vj. 
Fiat infusio. — To be given by spoonsful, in protracted parturition 
occasioned by deficiency of contractile power in the uterus. 

For the same purpose the powder may also be given 
in doses of 9j., as well as to assist in arresting uterine 
hemorrhage, and to cause the expulsion of the pla- 
centa. 

Decoction of Ergot. 

R. Secalis cornuti, ^j. 

Aquae, Oiiss. 
Boil gradually down to two pints, and give a table-spoonful every 
fifteen minutes. Used in the same circumstances as the infusion. 

Tincture of Ergot. 

R. Secalis cornuti, ^iiss. 
Spiritus tenuioris, Oj. 
Macerate for fourteen days, and strain. This is the formula used in 
Guy's Hospital. Dose twenty drops to a dram. 

Sirup of Ergot. 

R. Secalis cornuti, gr. xx. 
Extracti Opii, gr. f . 
Syrupi simplicis, §viij. 
M. — Dose an ounce (two table-spoonsful) pro re nata^ in engorge- 
ment of the uterus. Lisfranc. 

Decoction of Madder. 

R. Pulveris Rubiee tinctori, ^j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Simmer for fifteen minutes — and add — 

Caryophylli contusi, 3J- 
Signa. — When cool, strain and give a wine-glassful every three hours, 
a short time before the expected return of the menstrual discharge. — 
See Dewees on Females, p. 74. 



92 KMMENAGOGUE& 

Mixture of Camphor, fyc. 

H. C amphorae, 9j. 

Spiritus vini rectificati, q. s. — ut fiat pulvis: dein adde — 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, 5J- 

Sacchari albi, qi s. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, 5j. 
Fiat mistura. 

This mixture would more properly appear under 
the head of Narcotics, but as Dr. Dewees considers it 
particularly efficacious in dysmenorrhea, we have 
given it a place with Emmenagogues. He directs 
" one-half the above draught to be given the instant 
pain is experienced, and if not relieved in an hour or 
two, the remainder to be given."— Syst. Mid. p. 158. 

Tincture of Hellebore. 

R. Tincture Hellebori nigri, gj. 

Signa. — A tea-spoonful three times a-day, increasing the quantity as 
the stomach will admit of it. 

Tincture of Hellebore, Myrrh, fyc. 

R. Tincture Hellebori nigri, gss. 
- — — Myrrhs?, gj. 

— Cantharidum, gij. 

Fiat mistura. — The patient may take thirty drops, three times a-day, 
in a little sugar and water. 

Tincture of Savin, fyc. 

B. Tincturae Sabinae composite, ij. 

Hellebori nigri, ^ss. 

Castorei, gij. 

Fiat mistura. — Signa. — To take forty drops three times a-day, in any 
vehicle. 

Tincture of Guaiacum, (Dewees.) 
R. Pulveris Guaiaci, §iv. 

Carbonatis Soda? vel Potassae, jiss. 
Pulveris Pimentae, gj; 
Alcoholis diluti, ftj. 



EMMENAGOGUES. 93 

Misce. — " Digest for a few days. — The volatile spirit of ammonia to 
be added pro re nata, in the proportion of a drachm or two, to every 
four ounces of tincture." 

The above formula is different from that adopted in 
the Pharmacopoeias, for which reason we have inserted 
it here. Dr. Dewees informs us. that after nearly thirty- 
five years' experience with this tincture, he has never 
known it to fail in restoring the suppressed catamenia, 
where the suppression was an idiopathic disease. He 
gives it morning, noon and night, in doses of a tea- 
spoonful in a little sweetened milk ; and sometimes in 
a little Madeira, Sherry, or Teneriffe wine. It is oc- 
casionally necessary to continue the medicine for some 
weeks, on which occasion, the dose must be judiciously 
augmented. — Syst. Mid. p. 149. 

Volatile Tincture of Guaiacum , fyc. 

R. Tincturse Guaiaci volatilis, %j. 

Balsami Copaibas, §ss. 
Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful two or three times a-day. 

In cases of amenorrhoea connected with general de- 
bility. 

Tincture of Iodine. 
R. Iodini optimi, 9ij. 

Spiritus vini rectificati, §j. 
Spiritus Lavendulae compositi, 3ij. 
Fiat tinctura. — Signa. — From ten to twenty drops twice a-day, gra- 
dually increasing it to forty drops. 

The above we are informed by M. Durand, apothe- 
cary of this place, is a saturated tincture. Dr. Bell 
has used it beneficially in amenorrhoea, gonorrhoea, 
leucorrhcea, &c. 

From its great activity, it requires to be cautiously 
administered. 

Solution of Iodide of Potassa. 
R. Potassii Iodidi, 3j. 
Aquae destillatae, gj. 



04 EMMENAGOGUES. 

Fiat solutio. — Signa. — Thirty drops of this solution is directed by Dr. 
Bell in the above cases.— See N. A. M. and S. Journal, Oct. 1828. 

Injection of Aqua Ammonias, $c. 

R. Aquae Amraoniae, gtt. xx. 

Lactis recentis, ^i. 
Misce. — Signa. — This quantity to be thrown into the vagina three or 
four times a-day in cases of amenorrhea. 

Tincture of Cantharides, (Dewees.) 

This tincture, as prepared from the formula of Dr. 
Dewees, differs from that kept in the shops in strength 
only. Ten drops may be taken three times a-day, and 
gradually increased ; and, if necessary, until strangury 
is induced. 

Mixture of Muriate of Iron, &c. 

R. Tincturae Muriatis Ferri, 

Aloes composite, aa. ^ss. 

Castorei, ^ij. 

Fiat mistura. — Signa. — Take a tea-spoonful three times a-day in a 
wine-glassful of camomile tea. 

Tincture of Hiera Picra, 

R. Tincturae Hierae Picrae, ^j. 

Signa.— A tea-spoonful may be taken three times a-day in sugar and 
water. 

Compound Tincture of Sloes. 
R. Tincturae Aloes et Myrrhae, ^j. 
Dose.— A tea-spoonful pro re nata* 



( 95 ) 



CLASS VIIL 



ANTHELMINTICS. 

Anthelmintics are medicines employed to destroy 
and bring away worms from the alimentary canal. 
They are also termed Vermifuges. 

The only unequivocal proof of the existence of 
worms in the alimentary canal is the ejection of some 
of them per anum, or, as sometimes happens, by the 
mouth. When, in such cases vermifuges are resorted 
to, they must be persevered in for several days, with 
the occasional intervention of an active cathartic. 

POWDERS. 

Calomel with Gamboge. 

R. Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, gr. v. 
Pulveris Gambogise, gr. yj vel x. 
Misce. — For an adult. — To be taken in sirup early in the morning. 

Gamboge is sometimes given in doses of fifteen or 
twentjr grains for the tape- worm, and is highly spoken 
of in such cases. 

Calomel with Pink-Root. 

R. Hydrargyri chloride mitis, gr. iv. 
Pulveris Spigeliae, gr. x. 

Misce. — Signa. — To be taken two mornings in succession, and on the 
afternoon of the second day, followed by a dose of castor oil or 
senna and manna.— For children upwards of four vears old, 



\ 



96 ANTHELMINTICS. 

Pink-Root with Savin, <$-c. 

R. Pulveris Spigelise, 

— Senna? , aa. 9ij. 

Sabinag, gr. xij. 

Fiant chartulee vj. — Signa. — One every morning till three are taken, 
then give a dose of castor oil; if the effect is not produced, the 
remainder may be exhibited after the same manner. 

Common Salt with Cochineal. 

R. Sodii Chloridi, 3HJ. 

CoccinellaB pulverizatae, gr. xv. 
Fiant closes vj. — Signa.— One every morning, following the last dose 
with some purgative medicine. 

Dr. Rush speaks in high terms of this remedy. 

Carbonate of Iron. 

fi. Carbonatis Ferri, 3J. 

Divide in chartulas iij. — One powder to be taken before breakfast. 

Of this remedy, also, the late Professor Rush had a 
very favourable opinion. He gave it in doses of from 
5 grs. to 3SS. to children of from one year old to ten, 
and sometimes in half ounce doses, with safety and 
success. It is chiefly used in tape-worm. — See Observ. 
and Inquiries, p. 243. 

Powder of Male Fern. 

Give of the powder of the Male Fern Root from one to three drachms, 
in a large cupful of any distilled water, early in the morning. If 
the stomach should reject it, the powder must be repeated again, as 
soon as the sickness has gone off, in the same quantity. When it 
has been upon the stomach about two hours, a strong cathartic bolus 
made of calomel and gamboge, (eight or ten grs. of the last and five 
or six grs. of the first,) must be taken, and worked off with a draught 
of green tea every now and then: and its operation may be still 
farther promoted, if necessary, by half an ounce, or 3VJ. of salts, 
dissolved in warm water. Till the worm comes away, which 



ANTHELMINTICS. 97 

generally happens on the same day, the patient is to take nothing 
but broth. If, however, the worm should not be discharged, either 
wholly or in part, the powder is to be repeated with the same 
regimen, the next day. In the tape-worm. — Nouffer. 

It has been suggested, and with some probability, 
that the purge directed to follow this remedy is that 
on which the greatest reliance is to be placed. 

Tin Electuary. 

R. Pulveris Stanni, 5vj vel ^j. 

* Sacchari liquidi, |iv. 

Misce. — Two or three table-spoonsful may be given early in the 
morning; to be repeated until the whole be taken, and then fol- 
lowed by an active cathartic. 

The efficacy of this remedy is said to be increased 
by combination with sulphur, by which means sul- 
phuretted hydrogen would be generated, and the worm 
destroyed by this offensive gas. Larger doses than 
those mentioned are sometimes prescribed. 

Cowhage Electuary. 

R. Spicularum Dolichi, 3J. 

Mellis liquidi, q. s. — ut fiat electuarium.— Dose, a tea-spoonful to 
a child two or three years old; to be given before breakfast in the 
mornings of three successive days, and then followed by a brisk 
cathartic. In Lumbrici. 

Vermifuge Bolus. 

R. Hydrargyri Chioridi mitis, gr. ij. 

Seminum Arte mis iae santonica?, gr. viij. 

Camphorag, gr. vj. 

Syrupi, q. s. — ut fiat bolus. 
To be repeated pro re nata- — for children of four or six years of 

a g e « Batters Formulary. 

* Molasses. Any sirup will, of course, answer the same purpose. 

13 



98 ANTHELMINTICS. 

INFUSIONS, DECOCTIONS, &e. 

Infusion of Pink-Root, #c, vulgo, Worm-Tea, 

R. Radicis Spigeliae Marilandicae, §ss. 

Sennae foliorum, ^ij. 

Mannae optimae, Jj, 

Seminum Fceniculi, sij vel ^ss. 

Aquas bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Signa. — A wine-glassful may be given to a child of two 
years old, three or four times a-day. 

Pills of Venice Turpentine, fyc. 

R. Terebinthinae venetae, zj. 
Extracti Hyosciami, gr. iv. 
Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, gr. viij. 
Fiat massa, et divide in pilulas singulas gr. ij. 

Of these four are to be taken every three hours, and during the entire 
period, the patient is to take only weak broth, tea, or coffee. 

They are strongly recommended by some of the 
German practitioners in tape- worm. 

Infusio?i of Pink-Root. 

B=. Radicis Spigelia, 5j. 
Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Of which a child may take from one to two table- 
spoonsful at a dose; an adult from sj to ^iv. 

The spigelia sometimes affects children violently; 
hence the necessity of caution in its use. 

Decoction of the Geoffrea Bark. 

R. Corticis Geoffreae, 5j. 
Aquae Oij. 

To be boiled over a slow fire until it assumes the colour of amber or 
Madeira wine.— Dose for adults four table-spoonsful; for children 
two or three years old, one table-spoonful; and so in proportion to 



ANTHELMINTICS. 99 

the age and strength of the patient. — The dose of the extract of this 
medicine is stated by Dr. Chapman to be three grains, and of the 
powder, 3SS. 

We are not aware that the remedy has been much 
employed in this city. Cold water is to be avoided 
while using this decoction; if, however, any unpleasant 
consequences follow its exhibition, and particularly 
where an overdose has been given, our best resource 
is Oleum Ricini, together with tepid water acidulated 
with lemon juice, or some other vegetable acid . 

Mixture of Worm-seed OIL 

B. Olei Chenopodii, 3j. 
Sacchari albi, 
Gummi Arabici, aa. 3iss. 
Misce, secundum artem; tunc adde— - 

Aquae Menthae sativae, 5ijss. 
A tea-spoonful of this preparation may be given four times a=day for two 
days in succession, and then purged off with castor oil or salts,— 
For children of three to eight years old. 

This is a vermifuge of considerable reputation in 
this country. It is generally used in Lumbrici and 
Ascarides ; though we have heard of its having been 
successfully given for Tenia, but in much larger 
doses. 

Spirit of Turpentine. 

Is recommended for Tape-worm, in doses of 3ss to 3ij. daily, taken 
in honey. 

Dr. Chapman speaks highly of this remedy; and 
the safety of such doses seems to be now fully esta- 
blished. 

Olive Oil and Ammonia, 

R. Olei Olivarum, ^viij. 

Spiritus Ammoniae aromatici, gij. 
Dose, three spoonsful night and morning. 



100 ANTHELMINTICS. 

This remedy is highly spoken of by some authors, 
and may be given in much larger quantities; if it 
should not purge, it will be necessary to follow it with 
some aloetic or other cathartic preparation. 

Decoction of the Bark of Pomegranate. 

R. Corticis radicis Granati, 5ij. 

Aquae destillatae, Oiss. 
To be boiled away one-half, and given in doses of an ounce several 
times in the day. 

" The efficacy of the bark of the root of the Pome- 
granate," says Dr. Ainslie, (Mat. Med. of Hindoostan,) 
" as a remedy for the tape- worm, is now well established 
in India."— Paris, vol. i\.p. 173. 

Aloetic Enema. 

R. Gummi Aloes, Jij. 
Lactis recentis, Oj. 
Fiat enema. — The half of this may be given to a child eight or ten 
years old. In Ascarides. 

Spirits of Turpentine with Hartshorn. 

R. Olei Cornu Cervi fcetidi, gss. 

- — Terebinthinae, §iss. 
Misce, et signa. — A tea-spoonful to be given every morning. In 
taenia. M. Chabert. 

Spirit of Turpentine* Ether, &c. 

R. Olei Terebinthinae, ^ss. 

iEtheris sulphurici, Jij. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, ^ss. 

Aquae Chamaemelae destillatae, sxvj. 
Misce, et signa. — Two table-spoonsful to be taken morning and even- 
ing. In taenia. J)r. Frank. 

Enema of Camphor* §c, 
R. Camphorae, gj. 

Olei olivarum, 3ij. 
Misce pro enemate. 



ANTHELMINTICS. 101 

This preparation is particularly adapted to Ascarides, 
and should be freely thrown up the rectum for three 
or four successive nights. No remedy is more effect- 
ual than this in relieving the intolerable itching caused 
by those worms. 

Enemata are the most certain of all remedies in •As- 
carides; they may be made of various substances, such 
as solution of asafoetida, of common salt, hepar sulphu- 
ris, pure olive oil, soap, &c. &c. 



( 102 



CLASS IX. 



EPISPASTICS. 

" By the ancients, all the external applications which 
redden or inflame the skin, were called Epispastice, 
and these were designated according to the several 
degrees of effect: — the slightest, entitled phoenigmoi ; 
the next, sinapismi; the more active, vesicatorii ; and 
the strongest, causticiT 

We shall, however, as heretofore, follow the arrange- 
ment adopted by Dr. Chapman, and divide them into 
Rubefacients, Blisters, and Caustics ; and with him 
too, we shall first speak of Blisters. 

As a general rule, blisters should remain on the pa- 
tient ten or twelve hours, in order to ensure their full 
effect. There are individuals, however, whose skins 
are so delicate, that a shorter application will answer 
every purpose ; in children, it is seldom, and perhaps 
never, necessary to leave them on longer than four or 
six hours. When they are applied to the scalp, twenty- 
four hours is almost universally required; and Dr. 
Chapman directs the hair to be shaved, if possible, 
some hours before the application is made. 

The usual dressing, wmen a blister is taken off, is 
basilicon ointment, or ceratum simplex, according to 
the urgency of the case, or the irritability of the sys- 
tem. In order to keep it open, the weak epispastic, or 
savin ointment, will be found sufficient. 



EPISPASTICS. 103 

In cases of acute disease, these remedies ought never 
to precede those means which have a tendency to re- 
duce the system. It is generally admitted, that other- 
wise employed, they do harm, though there are indi- 
viduals of acknowledged experience who say, "they 
can bring a patient to the blistering point at pleasure;' 7 
and in pleurisy, and some other acute diseases, apply 
them soon after a free bleeding. The blister should be 
placed as near the affected part as possible. In fevers 
they are usually put on the inside of the forearms or 
legs, back of the neck, or between the shoulders. 

Where the system is very prostrate, they should be 
applied to the inside of the thighs, or the last two places 
mentioned : for when the circulation is very languid 
in the extremities, they seldom draw well, and are even 
liable to produce gangrene by exhausting the little vi- 
tality that remains. 

Where, from peculiarity of constitution, strangury 
is produced by them, we must take them off after a few 
hours, and bathe the part w T ith sweet oil or some such 
mild application — if this prove insufficient, resort must 
be had to diluent drinks, such as flaxseed tea or barley 
water, with the sweet spirits of nitre; camphor or pars- 
ley tea, or bladders half filled with warm water and 
applied to the pubes. An opium suppository or in- 
jection will be found very advantageous. A poultice 
of ground flaxseed or starch is often very serviceable. 
Prevention, however, is better than cure; and in irrita- 
ble constitutions, or in persons disposed to strangury, 
the blistering ointment, before being spread, should be 
rubbed up with three or four grains of opium and three 
or four times as much camphor, before it is spread. This 
preventive seldom fails. Blisters are rendered much 
less irritating by covering them with a fine gauze, 
which, if it be pressed in close contact with the plaster, 
will not prevent or materially retard its operation. 

It is said by some writers, that if a blister be sprinkled 
with powdered camphor, previous to its application, 
strangury will never result: this precaution cannot 



104 EPISPASTICS. 

always be relied on, though it will be well to give it a 
trial where strangury is anticipated. 

Epispastic Ointment. 

R. Cerae flavse, 

Resinas, 

Axungise Porcinae, aa. Jvj. 
Melt over a slow fire, and when at the temperature of 98° add slowly — 

Pulveris Cantharidum, gvijss. 
Misce, et fiat unguentum. 

If the cantharides be united with the melted plaster 
before it is partially cooled, they are liable to be injured 
by the heat. 

In employing this ointment, the margin of the blister 
should be covered with adhesive plaster, in order to 
confine it to its place, and prevent its creating unneces- 
sary irritation. Another mode is to draw straps across 
it diagonally, which plan we generally prefer; it pre- 
vents the blister from rising in the middle, and thereby 
partially defeating its object. 

It is mentioned in Paris' Pharmacologia, that the 
flies may be deprived of their power of producing stran- 
gury by first boiling them in water. 

RUBEFACIENTS. 

The substances called Rubefacients not unfrequently 
vesicate on very delicate skins. The term, therefore, 
is relative. They are employed for the same purpose 
as Blisters, and are often good substitutes for them. 

Plaster of Mercurial Ointment, Camphor, $c. 

R. Unguenti Hydrargyri, 5j. 

Olei Terebinthinae, 

Camphors, aa. gij. 

Cerati simplicis, 5j. 
Fiat unguentum secundum artem. Used as a rubefacient over the hy- 
pochondriac region, when blisters are precluded. 



EPISPASTICS, 105 



Tartar Emetic Plaster, 



This may be made by sprinkling the powdered Tartrate of Antimony 
on the surface of a Burgundy pitch or adhesive plaster, or on one 
made by spreading Basilicon, or simple ointment, on leather or 
linen. In either way the margin should be left clean. 

This remedy requires a longer time to produce its 
effect than the ordinary blister ; the irritation is of a 
peculiar and very painful kind. 

Tartar Emetic Ointment. 

R. Tartratis Antimonii, 3j. 

Axungiae Porcinae, gj. 
Misce secundum artem. 

This ointment, when applied to the skin, is a slow 
but certain means of exciting an eruption. We have 
given the formula of Dr. Hannay, of Glasgow, in Scot- 
land. Dr. Jenner recommended a much larger propor- 
tion of the antimony. 

Tartar Emetic and Corrosive Sublimate. 

R. Tartratis Antimonii, gj. » 

Chloridi Hydrargyri, gr. v. 

Aquae destillatse, §j. 

Spiritus Lavandulae compositi, gj. 
Solve sales in aqua, dein adde spiritum. 

This solution is applied by wetting the fingers with 
it, and rubbing it on the part. The rubbing should 
be continued for five or ten minutes, and after some 
hours a pustular eruption will appear. — Dr. Hannay's 
essay, u De Tartratis Antimonii Usu Externo" p. 26. 

It has been extolled in pertussis, dyspnoea, cough, 
pains in the chest, &c, and in the removal of incipient 
tumours. 

It has been ascertained by the illustrious Jenner and 
others, that Tartar Emetic employed for an undue 
14 



106 EPISPASTICS. 

length of time externally, will produce violent effects 
upon the system. 

We find in a note in Beck's Medical Jurisprudence, 
vol. ii. p. 283, that Dr. Francis mentions two cases 
where Tartar Emetic Ointment, excessively used, pro- 
duced effects similar to those at times arising from the 
outward application of arsenic. Majendie and Brodie 
ascertained by experiments upon animals, that inserted 
into wounds its effects resemble those produced by 
internal exhibition. 

Granville's Jlmmonialed Counter-irritant, or JLntidynous Lotions. 

These preparations act with great celerity, and are now in common 
use. They are formed of three ingredients, mixed in certain propor- 
tions, according to the urgency of the case. 

1. The first ingredient is the strongest liquor of ammonia (liquor 
ammonias fortissimus) which is made by saturating a given quantity of 
distilled water, contained in a glass receiver surrounded by ice, with 
ammoniacal gas, obtained in the usual way from a mixture of equal 
parts of hydrochlorate of ammonia and recently slacked lime, both 
reduced to a fine powder. The water, by this process, may be made 
to take up nearly eight hundred times its bulk of ammoniated gas, and 
is three times the strength of the liquor ammonia? of the London Phar- 
macopeia. 

2. The second ingredient is distilled spirits of Rosemary, prepared 
by taking two ffos of the tips or small leaves of fresh Rosemary, and 
eight pints of alcohol, which are infused together for twenty-four 
hours in a covered vessel, and after adding as much water as will first 
prevent the empyreumatic smell, distil over seven pints. 

3. The third ingredient is spirit of camphor, made as follows: To 
four oz. of pure camphor, add two pints of alcohol, so as to dissolve 
the camphor, which solution should be filtered. 

Of the preceding ingredients, Dr. Granville prepares two ammo- 
niated lotions, differing in strength; viz. 

The Milder Ammoniated Lotion. 
(Lotio ammoniata mitior.) 
R. Liquoris ammonia? fortissimi, 3j. 
Spiritus rosmarini, 3vj. 

camphorae, 3ij. 

Misce. 



epispastics. 107 

The Stronger Jlmmoniated Lotion. 

(Lotio ammoniata fortior.) 
R. Liquoris ammonia? fortissimi, Jx. 

Spiritus rosemarinae, ^ss. 

camphorae, 5ij. 

Misce.* 

As to the method of applying these counter-irritants, we shall use 
the words of their inventor, Dr. Granville. " First impregnate with 
the colourless and transparent liquid, either a piece of linen folded six 
or seven times to the size of the part intended to be covered, or a 
piece of thick and coarse flannel; and, secondly, lay either of them on 
the spot, pressing with the hand at the same time, very steadily and 
firmly, the said linen or flannel, over which there should be placed a 
thick towel, doubled several times, so that not only the evaporation of 
the lotion may be impeded, but the hand employed in pressing the 
application to the part may not suffer damage from any evaporation, 
or from contact with the liquid. In some parts of the body more con- 
venient than the others, the readiest and most effectual mode of press- 
ing down the application is, by tying over it a towel or thick bandage; 
but to this mode there is the objection that we cannot, under certain 
circumstances, infect the part as quickly and as often as required, so 
as to judge, from the effect of the application, when to stop, or how 
long to persevere in using it."t 

When applied to the temples, forehead, jaws, or chin, great care 
must be taken to prevent the effluvia from affecting the eyes and nos- 
trils. The skin should be examined in a minute or two after the ap- 
plication, in order to see the effect produced. When the pain is severe 
after the lotion is removed, simple diluent washes, and warm water is 
perhaps the best, will speedily allay it. Vesication will generally 
take place in from two to five minutes, and even in a minute in some 
persons: but where cauterization is requisite, ten, or twelve minutes 
may be necessary. The irritated or denuded surface may be dressed 
according to existing indications, with a simple poultice, tepid fomen- 
tation, cerate or irritating ointments. 

The Pommade Jlmmoniacale of M. Goudret, which belongs to this 
series of counter-irritants, is made as follows: 

* Dunglison, New remedies, p. 504. 

f Granville. Counter-irritation, its Principles and Practice, p. 39. 



108 EPISPASTICS, 

R. Adipis, Jvij. 

Olei amygalarum, giss. 
Ammoniae liquidae (25°) 5vj. 

Melt the lard, mix the oil with it, and pour them into a wide- 
mouthed vial with a glass stopper; then add the ammonia, close the 
bottle, mix the contents together by shaking, and keep the mixture in 
a cool place. If the skin is to be excited, perspiration to be re-esta- 
blished, or some sub-cutaneous engorgement to be dissipated, light and 
hasty practices accomplish these objects. If a rubefacient effect is 
desirable, spread the ointment thickly on linen, and apply it for one 
or two minutes. For vesication, continue the application for five or 
six minutes; and by a farther continuance, absolute cauterization is 
speedily produced. 

These powerful preparations are used in a great variety of diseases, 
and in all cases when speedy and powerful counter-irritation is de- 
manded; as in Neuralgia and rheumatic affections generally, both acute 
and chronic; spasms, convulsions, gout, paralysis, inflammatory dis- 
eases of internal organs, diseases of the heart, sprains, &c. &c. 

Instantaneous Vesication. 

The French practitioners have a process for raising an instant blis- 
ter. A piece of linen or paper being cut to the requisite size, is im- 
mersed in spirits of wine or brandy, or even cologne water, or spirits 
of camphor, whichever is most readily obtained. It is then laid on 
the part to be blistered, taking care that the moisture does not wet the 
surrounding surface. The flame of a lighted taper is then applied 
quickly over the surface of the paper, so as to cause ignition, which is 
almost instantaneous. At the conclusion of this operation, the cuticle 
is found detached and raised from the true skin beneath. 

Ointment of Iodine and Calomel. 

&. Iodini, partem j. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, partem iss. 

Axungise, partes xlviij. 
The iodine to be first united to the lard, and then the calomel added. 

MM. Plane and Souberain, by whom this ointment 
is proposed, state that these are the only proportions 
that can be used, without leading to decompositions 
that will defeat our intentions. 



EPISPASTICS. 109 

Ointment of Protoiodide of Mercury, &c. 

R. Protoiodidi Hydrargyri, gr. vj. 

Acetatis Morphiae, gr. viij. 

Axungiae, §j. 
Misce, fiat unguentum* 

Recommended by the French physicians in glandu- 
lar swellings. The morphia is believed by them to 
prevent the unpleasant effects of iodine when used in 
the shape of ointment. Pelletan. 

Ointment of Protoiodide of Mercury. 

R. Protoiodidi Hydrargyri, Bj. 

Axungiae, 5iss. 
Fiat unguentum. — Used to accelerate the cicatrization of inveterate 
venereal ulcers. 

An ointment may be made in the same proportions 
of the deutoiodide of mercury. Of course to be used 
with more caution. 

Ointment of Iodate of Zinc, 

R. Iodatis Zinci, 3J« 

Axungiae, gj. 
Fiat unguentum. — A drachm to be rubbed on the tumour twice a-day. 

Dr. Ure recommends the above as a substitute for 
the ointment of hydriocate of potassa in glandular 
swellings. 

Ointment of Hydriodate of Potash. 

R. Hydriodatis Potassae, 9j. 

Cerati simplicis, gj. 
Fiat unguentum. 

To be applied to scrofulous swellings, where the 
skin is unbroken. 



110 EPISPASTICS. 

Iodine Ointment. 

R. Deuto-iodureti hydrargyri, gr. xv. 

Adipis preparatae, gij. 

Olei limonis, gtt. xx. 
Fiat unguentum. 

Employed as a curative application to syphilitic tubercles, chronic 
ulceration and other sequellae of venereal. Its great activity re- 
quires caution in its use. Ratier. 

Simple Iodine Ointment. 

R. Iodinae, gr, iij. 

Adipis, gij. 
Fiat unguentum. 

Used as the preceding preparation. 

Iodine Liniment. 

R. Linamenti saponis compositi, §j. 

Tincturae Iodinae, xj. 
Misce. 

Ointment of Iodide of Potassium. 

R. Potassae iodidi, Jss. 

Adipis, jfiss. 
Ut unguentum. — For Tetter and the kindred eruptions. 

LugoVs Ointment of Ioduretted Iodide of Potassium. 

R. Iodinae, gr. xij. 

Potassse iodidi, 9iv. 

Adipis, ^ij. 
Fiat unguentum.— Used in scrofulous opthalmia, ulcers, &c. 

Ointment of Ioduretted Iodide of Potassium with Opium. 

R. Iodinse, gr. xvj. 

Potassae iodidi, 5j« 

Tincturae opii, 31J. 

Adipis, gij. 
Fiat unguentum. Applied to scrofulous and other ulcers. — Lugol. 



EPISPASTICS. Ill 

Ointment of Iodide of Arsenic, 

R. Iodidi arsenici, gr. iij. 
Adipis preparatae, gj. 
Fiat unguentum. 
Employed in Lepra, Impetigo, and other cutaneous affections, 

Ointment of Cyanide of Mercury. 

R. Hydrargyri Cyanidi, gr. xij. 

Adipis, gj. 
Fiat unguentum. 

Ointment of Iodide of Sulphur. 

R. Iodureti Sulphuris, partes 5. 

Adipis, partes 96. 
Fiat unguentum. — In Diseases of the Skin. Magendie. 

Ointment of Bromium. 

R. Adipis, §j. 

Hydrobromatis Potassae, gr. xxxiv. 
Fiat unguentum. 

Decoction of Turpentine and Cantharides. 

R. Pulveris Cantharidum, 5i. 
Olei Terebinthinae, 5viij. 
Boil them together for three hours, then filter. 

This is the process usually followed by our apothe- 
caries, but we conceive thirty minutes' boiling would 
be quite sufficient, and the cantharides be less likely to 
be injured by the heat. It was first made by Dr. 
Hartshorne of this city, who has used it with great 
success in the typhoid state of fever. It is merely 
rubbed over the surface of the body. 

Kentish Ointment. 

R, Unguenti Resinae flavae, ^ij. 

Olei Terebinthinae, $1}. vel Iss. 
Fiat unguentum. 



112 EPISPASTICS, 

This preparation has long been celebrated in burns 
and scalds. We must be careful to avoid touching 
the sound skin, for turpentine occasionally inflames 
it severely. 

Turpentine Liniment.. 
R. Olei Terebinthinse, gij. 

Olivarum, 3 i j . 

Tincturae C amphorae, §j. 
Aquae Ammonias, JJj. 
Fiat linimentum. 

Creosote Ointment. 
R. Creosotis, git. xv. 
Cerati simplicis, 5]. 
Olei cinnamomi, gtt. vj. 
Fiat unguentum. — In ulcers of a chronic character, and in cutaneous 
eruptions. 

Digestive Ointment of the French Hospitals. 
R. Unguenti terebinthinae comp. jfij. 

Vitellum ovi j. 

Olei oli vara in, 5ij. 
Misce. — Used in dressing indolent wounds and ulcers. Ratter. 

Sulphur Ointment. 
R. Adipis suilli, Jfcj. 

Sulphuris sublimati, 5 viij . 
Fiat unguentum. — Used in friction — three to six drachms at a time. 

Mercurial Cerate. 
R. Unguenti Hydrargyri, 3iv. 

Cerati simplicis, sx. 
Fiat unguentum. — A dressing for venereal ulcers. Baiter. 

Ointment of Belladonna. 

R. Extracti Belladonna?, oij- 
Aquae destillatae, 51J. 
Adipis Suillae, 5ij. 
Misee. — Employed by _M. Chaussier as a direct application to the 
neck of the uterus, in case of rigidity of that part- Batier. 



RUBEFACIENTS. 113 

Liniment with Camphor, &c. 

R. Spiritus Camphorati, 3iij. 

Acidi acetici fortis, 5j. 
Fiat embrocatio.— To be applied to bruises, rheumatic parts, &c. 

Soap Liniment, <fec. 

R. Linimenti saponis, 3ij. 

Aquae Ammonias, gj. 

Tincturae Opii, 3ss. 
Fiat linimentum. — To be used as above. 

Liniment with Ammonia and Olive, Oil, vutgo, Volatile Liniment. 

R. Olei Olivarum, 

Aquas Ammonias, aa. §j. 
Misce. — This preparation is frequently employed in inflammation of 
the throat and other similar cases. 

Liniment of Ammonia and Tarlarized Antimony. 

R. Linimenti Ammonias, *j. 

Tartratis antimonii, gj. 
Misce, — This is often applied to indolent tumours, and other swell- 
ings. 

Liniment of Cantharides, &c. 

R. C amphorae, giij. 

Solve in decocti Cantharidis cum terebinthina, gss. — et adde — 
Unguenti Hydrargyri fortis, 

— simplicis, aa. 5j. 

Fiat linimentum. — This preparation might be employed in cases of 
low fever, where it is desirable to rouse the system, and at the same 
time affect it with mercury; also in tumours. 



Lotion of Cyanide of Potassium. 

R. Potassii cyanidi, gr. xij. 

Misturae am ygd alarum, §_yj. 
Fiat lotio. — Used in Lichen, and other chronic eruptions. 
15 



114 RUBEFACIENTS. 

Solution of Caustic Potash. 

&. Potassae purffi, 3iss. 
Aquas destillatee, ^ij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — To be applied to the spine in cases of tetanus. 

Dr. Hartshorne speaks in high terms of the benefi- 
cial effects of this solution in the above disease. The 
best mode of applying it, so as merely to produce a 
rubefacient action, is to tie a piece of sponge to a stick 
or common table fork, and use it as a brush to apply 
the solution from the nape of the neck to the sacrum. 
When the solution is tolerably strong, the effect is 
powerful. 

Compound Opiate Liniment. 

R. Tincturae Opii, 

Spiritus iEtheris Sulphurici, 

C amphorae, aa. jfij. 

Fiat embrocatio. — To be applied to parts affected with rheumatism. 

It is very useful in odontalgia, pain in the region 
of the ear, &c. 

Opiate Liniment. 

R. Olei oli varum, iij. 

Tinctura Opii, gij. 

Aquae acetatis plumbi, ^ss. 
Misce. 

Embrocation of Acetate of Ammonia. 

R. Ammoniae carbonatis, gij. 

Acidi acetici, Oiij. vel q. s. ad saturandum: 
Spiritus tenuis, Oiss. 
Mix the ammonia with the vinegar, and after effervescence eeases, add 
the spirit. 

To be applied to rheumatic affections; or mixed 
with linseed meal, it may be used as a poultice to 
chronic inflammations of the joints^ &c, 



RUBEFACIENTS. 115 

Compound Liniment of Tar. 

R. Petrolei Barbadensis, 3J. 
C amphorae, gss. 
Alcoholis, gtt. xl. 
Fiat liniraentum. — Powder the camphor by adding the spirit, and then 
mix the whole in a mortar. 

To be applied round the joints in cases of a chronic 
kind, and especially where thickening of the liga- 
ments is suspected. 

Creosote Liniment. 

R. Creosoti, gtt. x. 

Olei Oli varum, §j. 
Fiat linimentum. — In Herpes, &c. 

Creosote Lotion. 
R. Creosoti, gtt. x. 

Aceti, 5ij. 

Aquae destillatae, ^ij. 
Fiat lotio. — Applied in phagadenic ulceration. 

Camphorated Oil. 
R. Camphorse, gj. 

Olei Olivarum, ?iv. 
Tere, et fiat solutio; tunc adde, 

Olei Terebinthinae, ?iss. 
To be applied by rubbing with a piece of flannel; in deep-seated rheu- 
matic pains. 

Epithem with Tincture of Cantharides, 

R. Pulveris Cantharidum, 3j. 

Spiritus vini rectificati, 5iv. 
Digest with a gentle heat for two days. — Strain and add— 

Camphoree, gss. 
To be rubbed on the parts affected. In paralysis. 



116 CATAPLASMS, &C. 



Epithem with Camphor and Carbonate of Ammonia, 

R. Spiritus Camphorati, 5iv. 

Carbonatis Ammonias, gss. 

Olei Juniperi, 

— - Succini, aa. gij. 
Misce. — To be employed in the same cases as the former. 



Liniment of Oil of Amber, fyc, 

R. Olei Succini rectificati, ^ij. 

Olivarum, ±ss. 

TincturaB Opii, ^ij. 

Spiritus vini Gallici, 5iij. 
Fiat linimentum.— Signa. — To be rubbed between the shoulders. In 

pertussis. 



Cayenne Pepper and Alcohol Dilute. 

R. Pulveris Capsici, gij. 

Spiritus vini diluti, 3viij. 
Misce. — This preparation forms an excellent rubefacient in cases of 

low fever. Dr. Chapman recommends it strongly in sciatica, and 

other rheumatic affections. 

In dyspepsia, and some diseases of the head attended 
with cold feet, socks dusted with Cayenne pepper are 
very useful. 

CATAPLASMS, &c. 

Cataplasm of Pepper, §c. 

R. Seminum Sinapeos contus: ffoss. 

Piperis nigri, 

Pulveris Zingiberis, aa. 3j. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. ut fiat cataplasma. 
To be applied to the region of the stomach in severe pain or sickness; 
or, to the soles of the feet when revulsion is desirable. 



CATAPLASMS, &C. 117 

Spice Plaster. 

R. Pulveris Caryophillorura, 

. Cinnamomi, 

— Capsici annui, aa. 5ss. 

Misce, et adde — 

Farinae, 

Vini Gallici, aa. q. s. — ut fiat cataplasma. 
Let the plaster, thus prepared, be made hot, and applied to the epigas- 
tric region. 

Dr. Parrish was accustomed to speak in the highest 
terms of this plaster in cholera. 

Mustard Cataplasm. 

R. Pulveris Sinapeos, 2ij. 

Acidi acetici tepidi, q. s.— ut fiat cataplasma. 

The rises of the mustard poultice are too well known 
to require description. We will only observe, that it 
is frequently made by adding an equal quantity of 
wheat or rye flour; this should always be done for 
children, or other persons of delicate skins. It cannot, 
generally, be borne longer than a half hour or hour. 



Iodine Cataplasm. 

R. Tincturae Iodinas, 5ss. 

Pulveris lini, 5j. 

Farinee avenae, giij. 

Aqua q. s. — ut fiat cataplasma. 
Applied to indolent ulcers, (especially those of a scrofulous character) 
and to tumours of the same class. 

Garlic Cataplasm. 

The Garlic Cataplasm is employed with the same intention as the 
mustard, though it is much less active. It may be made by bruising 
the cloves of garlic, and mixing them in a common poultice of bread 
and milk. Onions may be substituted for garlic. 



118 CATAPLASMS, &C. 

Cataplasm of Common Salt, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Lini, 

Micse panis singulorum partes sequales, Aquas Sodae muriatis 

saturatae, q. s. — ut fiat cataplasma. 

To be applied to indolent strumous swellings, and enlargements of the 

joints. When it produces irritation or inflammation, the common 

bread and milk poultice must be substituted; and the other re-applied 

when the skin will admit of it. 

Cataplasm of Vest. 
R. Farinae, ftj. 

Cerevisiae fermenti, Oss. 
Misce. — This cataplasm is useful in stimulating foul ulcers and gan- 
grenous wounds, and removing the unpleasant odour. It should be 
made with fresh yeast, and applied warm. 

Cataplasm of Charcoal. 

This cataplasm is made by stirring into the common bread and milk 
poultice as much finely powdered charcoal as it will bear. It is a 
very useful application to offensive ulcers; removing in a short time 
the foetor, and disposing them to a more healthy aspect. 

Cataplasms are made of carrots or turnips, by simply 
boiling them to softness, and beating them to a pulpy 
mass. Both of these are said to furnish a good poul- 
tice for cancerous and other painful sores. 

Cloves. 

Quilt some powdered cloves in flannel, and wring them out in hot 
brandy. Thus prepared, they form an excellent external applica- 
tion in cases of colic, and great irritability of the stomach, as it 
occurs in cholera. 

Emollient Cataplasm. 

R. Farinae seminum Lini, 

Hordei, aa. partes equales. 

Aquae vel lactis, q. s. — ut fiat cataplasma. 
The milk or water may be warmed if desirable. Applied to inflam- 
matory tumours. 



BATHS, FOMENTATIONS, &,C. 119 

Antiseptic Cataplasm. 

R. Cataplasmatis emollientis, 3 viij . 
Pulveris Kino, 

Camphorae, aa. gij. 

Fiat cataplasma. — Applied to wounds and ulcers that have assumed an 
unhealthy action. Hotel Dim. 

Resolvent Cataplasm. 

R. Cataplasmatis emollientis, giy. 
Acetatis plumbi, 3j. 
Muriatis ammoniae, ^ss. 
Fiat cataplasma. — Applicable to tumours that require a gentle excite- 
ment. Ratter's Formulary. 

Warm Strengthening Plaster. 

R. Picis Burgundici, 3v. 
Unguenti Cantharidum, 3j. 

Fiat emplastrum. — This plaster is applied in the same way, and used 
in all the cases for which Burgundy Pitch is prescribed. It is irri- 
tating, and on some persons will draw a blister. 

BATHS, FOMENTATIONS, &c. 

The ordinary application of cold, tepid and shower 
baths is too well known to require any particular no- 
tice. The hot bath should be of a temperature of 93 
to 96 degrees of Fahrenheit. It is designed to alleviate 
general or local irritation, and to induce repose and 
sleep. It is especially adapted to fevers with deficient 
capillary circulation, rheumatism, herpetic eruptions, 
paralytic affections, &c. The lower temperature is 
best adapted to cutaneous complaints, and to bring on 
relaxation of the skin during febrile irritation: the 
warmer temperature is suited to paralysis; and, as a 
general rule, more heat is desirable to act upon deep 
seated than on superficial diseases. 

Vapour Baths are produced by the evaporation of 
boiling water in a suitable apparatus. They are used 7 
like ordinary warm baths, in rheumatic and cutaneous 



120 BATHS, FOMENTATIONS, &C. 

affectons and in every case wherein profuse perspira- 
tion is desirable. They are avoided in persons labour- 
ing under pulmonary or cardiac disease, and in cases 
of exhaustion from any cause. 

Local Baths are admirably adapted to parts which 
are swelled and painful, and may consist of tepid water 
only, or their strength may be increased by the addi- 
tion of saline, emollient, narcotic or stimulant sub- 
tances. 

Sulphurous Water, or Artificial Bareges Bath. 

R. Sulphureti Potassae, f^j. 

Aquae, cong. xxx. 
Mix for a bath. In cutaneous eruptions. 

Sulphur eo- Gelatinous Bath, 

R. Sulphureti Potassae, |ij vel j|iv. 
Aquae, cong. xxx. 

Add to this solution, 

Ichthyocoliae, ;foj. vel j^ij in Aquae bullientis soluiae, ^x. 

This bath, according to Dr. Green, (Diseases of the Skin, p. 240,) 
" is preferable to the artificial Bareges Bath, as it is neither irritating 
nor apt to occasion feverishness, which the common sulphureous 
water bath is. A cheaper and not less efficacious gelatine may be 
procured by dissolving from a pound and a half to two pounds of 
parchment-clippings in water by long boiling, or by using a neat's 
or a calf's foot for the purpose." 

Emollient Bath. 

To an ordinary tepid water bath, add a large cupful of thick gruel or 
paste, and mix it well with the water. These baths are very effica- 
cious in prurigo, eczema, lichen and impetigo. 

Nitro-murialic Acid Bath. 

R. Acidi nitrici, 3iij. 
Acidi muriatici, 3j. 
Mix, and add to the water of a tepid bath, which should then be 
about as sour as distilled vinegar. 



BATHS, FOMENTATIONS, &C. 121 

Sublimate Bath. 

R. Hydrargyri bichloridi, gij vel gj. 
Aquae tepidae, cong. xxx. 

Mix for a bath. Prescribed by the French physicians in syphilitic 
affections, when it is desirable to avoid the action of the medicine 
on the stomach. This plan is seldom resorted to, on account of the 
great risk of employing corrosive sublimate in such large quan- 
tity. 

Alkaline Bath. 

R. Potassae carbonatis, giv vel ^viij. 

Aquae tepidae, cong. xxx. 
Mix for a bath. Very useful in promoting desquammation from the 
skin, and in allaying itching in various forms of Prurigo. 

•.Artificial Harrowgate Bath. 

R. Sodae muriatis, f^ij. 

Magnesiae sulphatis, giij. 

Potassae sulphured, ffoj. 

Aquae, cong. xxx. 
Mix for a bath. 

Fomentation is a yet more restricted mode of ap- 
plying fluids to the surface of the body, which is done 
by means of a sponge, flannel or soft cloth. To be 
efficacious they should be often repeated, and not 
allowed to get cold. 

Stimulant Fomentation. 

R. Vini rubri, Oij. 

Mellis, giv. 
Misce. — This is an active fomentation, and is applied to parts in a 
low state of vitality. Batier. 

Saponaceous Fomentation. 

R. Spiritus vini gallici, Oij. 

Saponis, Jj. 
Misce. — A resolvent in indolent tumours, and in sprains. Batier. 
16 



122 BATHS, FOMENTATIONS, &C. 

Narcotic Fomentation. 

R. Gum Opii, 3ij. 

Aquae, Oj. 
Solve. — Adapted to painful affections of the joints, as chronic rheu- 
matism, <fec. Ratier. 

Narcotic Fomentation. 

R. Foliorum Dulcamarae, §ij. 

Capsularum papaveris, gij. 

Aquae ferventis, Oj. 
Fiat infusum. — Employed as a soothing application to irritable sur- 
faces. 

Mustard Fomentation. 

R. Farinae sinapeos, iiv. 

Aquae ferventis, Oj. 
Misce. — By wetting cloths in this fluid and applying them to the 
skin, irritation may be prolonged to any requisite degree. 

Tobacco Fomentation. 

R. Foliorum tabaci, ^ij. 

Aquae ferventis, Oj. 
Misce. — Employed in Psora, but is apt to produce nausea and vomit= 
ing. 

Fumigations are for the most part used to pu- 
rify infected air by absorbing or otherwise counter- 
acting deleterious gases. They are also employed in 
diseases of the skin, and may be sometimes substituted 
for a local bath. The ordinary process for fumigating 
apartments with chlorine, has been already described. 
(Page 86.) 

Fumigations of sulphur, cinnabar, and mercury 
are also in common use, for medicinal purposes, and 
are readily applied with a proper apparatus. 

For Inhalations, see Expectorants, p. 84. 



CAUSTICS, OR ESCHAROTICS, 123 



CAUSTICS, OR ESCHAROTICS. 

Caustics or cauteries are divided into the actual and 
potential. The first consists of fire itself; and the 
second of those substances which destroy the living 
solids, either by excessive stimulation, or, as some have 
supposed, by producing a chemical decomposition. 

Common Caustic with Opium. 

R. Potassae cum Calce, 3ij. 

Pulveris Opii, gss. 

Saponis mollis, q. s. 
Misce. — This preparation is employed for the same purpose as the 
common caustic. 

Potassa. 

The Causticum commune acerrimum is the pure Potash: when mixed 
with lime, its activity is lessened, and it is then called Causticum 
commune mitius. For the best mode of applying this remedy, see 
the remarks on Issues. As this caustic spreads rapidly and eats 
deeply, care should be taken not to leave it on too long, when in 
the neighbourhood of large blood-vessels. When, however, we 
wish to arrest its effects, we may neutralize it at once by a little 
vinegar. 

Lunar Caustic. 

This caustic is the Nitras Argenti, deprived of its water of crystalliza- 
tion, fused and cast into moulds. Its mode of application is univer- 
sally known. It is free from the inconveniences of the former. 



Burnt Alum. 

The Mumtn ustum is made by depriving this salt of its water of 
crystallization by heat. It is applied in powder to the fungous 
granulation of ulcers; and, mixed with an equal part of powdered 
sugar, is used to remove specks or nebulae of the cornea. 



124 CAUSTICS, OR ESCHAROTICS. 



MINERAL ACIDS. 

The mineral acids are all escharotics, though seldom 
employed, because of the difficulty of managing fluids 
when used in this way. Nitric Acid diluted is some- 
times applied to extensive foul ulcers, in warm weather, 
to destroy the animalculse which are apt to be gene- 
rated in such sores. 

Solution of Muriate of Ammonia, <%c, 

R. Muriatis Ammoniac, gj. 

Aceti destillati, 3'j- 

Aquee fontanas, giv. 
Fiat solutio. — To be applied to venereal warts. 

Bell on Venereal 

White Oxide of Arsenic, or Arsenious Acid. 

R. Acidi Arseniosi albi, 9j\ 

Aquae fontanse, 5y» 
Fiat solutio. 

This solution is occasionally applied to cancerous 
sores : it was formerly used in the shape of powder or 
paste, as an empirical remedy. But it is now seldom 
employed, from the circumstance of its producing 
constitutional irritation. Sir Astley Cooper mentions 
cases where, from its aborption when applied to open 
sores, partial if not complete paralysis of the limbs was 
the consequence. 

Ointment of Arsenic. 

R. Acidi Arseniosi pulveris, Sj, 
Adipis Suillae, 
Cerati cetacei, aa. gvj. 

Melt the cerate and lard over a slow fire, and then pour it on the white 
oxide of arsenic, and triturate it in a glass mortar until it is inti- 
mately united. — Pharm. Chirurg. — For cancers, &c. 



CAUSTICS, OR ESCHAROTICS. 125 

The same care is required in its use as in the solu- 
tion. 

Dubois's Arsenical Powder. 

R. Oxydi arsenici albi, gss. 

Sulphured Hydrargyri rubri, 3j. 

Resinae pterocarpi, gss. 
Fiat pulvis. — Chiefly used in the French hospitals as a caustic to can- 
cerous affections. Ratier. 

MOXA. 

This is another mode of using the actual cautery ; 
and, as it is engaging the attention of physicians, we 
insert the usual mode of applying it. — The Chinese 
employ this remedy by means of the Mugwort. They 
separate this soft lanuginous substance by beating, and 
form it into a cone; the base of this is attached, by be- 
ing wetted, to the skin, and the point set on fire. 

Dr. Boyle recommends dipping cotton in a strong 
solution of nitrate of potash, and enclosing pieces of 
this thoroughly dried in paper cylinders, about one 
inch in diameter, and another inch in height. Dr. 
Burne employs wood in a state of dry-rot, touch-wood. 
This only requires to be shaped properly, and burns, 
he says, with certainty and steadiness, and is prefera- 
ble to the other modes suggested; — some of which, 
as common cotton, or lint, requiring the use of the bel- 
lows, and when they have been dipped in nitre, de- 
manding care to prevent the scintillations from injuring 
the surrounding parts. 

The cylinders or cones of touch-wood may be con- 
fined to the skin by a little adhesive plaster affixed to 
the edges. 

It is proposed to place pieces of cold iron in the 
neighbourhood of the part while the moxa is burning, 
in order to render the sensations more vague, and there- 
fore less painful. 

Moxa is used in diseases of the spine, paralysis. 
&c. &c. 



126 STIMULATING OINTMENTS, &,C. 



STIMULATING OINTMENTS, &c. 

Ointment of Red Precipitate. 

R. Hydrargyri oxydi rubri, 3J- 

Terebinthinae venetae, gj. 
Fiat unguentum. 

This preparation may be applied to indolent sores, 
and is said, by some practitioners, to be a specific in 
itch. 

White Precipitate. 

R. Hydrargyri precipitati albi, gr. xv. 

Nitratis Potassae, gss. 

Florum Sulphuris, gj. 
Bene teranturet adde — 

Axungiae Porcinse, gij. 
Fiat unguentum. 

Dr. Chapman remarks, that this ointment has long 
been celebrated in the cure of itch. 

Solution of Phosphoric Acid. 

R. Acidi phosphorici, 5j. 
Aquae destillatae, £viij. 
Fiat solutio. 

Dr. Lentin, a German Physician, has employed this 
solution on compresses applied to ulcers situated over 
carious bones, and he imagines with decided benefit. — 
Spillan's Supplement to the British Pharmacopoeias. 

Corrosive Sublimate and Lime-Water. 

R. Chloridi Hydrargyri corrosivi, gr. j vel iij. 

Aquae Calcis, %'), 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — The yellow wash. 



. STIMULATING OINTMENTS, &C. 127 

For ordinary purposes one grain to the ounce will 
be sufficient. It is employed in phagedenic and vene- 
real ulcers. 

Calomel and Lime-Water. 

R. Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, gj. 

Aquae Calcis, giv. 
Misce. — Signa. — The black wash. 

This prescription is used in the same cases as the 
other. The red-oxide in that, and the black-oxide of 
mercury in this, are precipitated by the lime-water. 
They are sometimes administered in the form of in- 
jections, in gleets and obstinate gonorrhoea. 

Jlnii-psoric Lotion of Dupnytren. 

R. Sulphureti potassae, ^iv. 

Aquee, Oj. 

Acidi sulphurici, giv. 
Misce. — To be applied two or three times a-day on the parts covered 
with pustules, and with this treatment the simple bath is conjoined. 

Lotion of Myrrh. 

R. Tincturae Myrrhae, 

Liquoris Caici, aa. §j. 
Misce. 

This lotion is recommended by Dr. Kirkland for 
taking down fungous flesh. In cases of fungous brain, 
he found it extremely serviceable applied to the excre- 
scence on dossils of lint. 

Powder of Verdigris and Calomel. 

R. Acetatis Cupri, 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, aa. 9j. 
Fiat pulvis subtillisimus.— For chancres and indolent ulcers, 



128 ISSUES AND SETONS. 

Powdered Rhubarb, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Rhei, 

Ipacacuanhae, aa„ gj. 

Fiat pulvis. — To be dusted on sarcomatous and warty tumours. 

Rhubarb alone forms an excellent application to in- 
dolent ulcers. 

Powder of Savin? fyc. 

R. Pulveris Sabinae, 

Acetatis Cupri, aa. 3j. 

Fiat pulvis. — To be dusted on sores accompanied with fungus ex- 
crescences. 

Ointment with Carbonate of Ammonia? fyc. 

R. Carbonatis Ammoniae, 3ss. 

Unguenti simplicis, gss, 
Fiat unguentum. — To be used in indolent ulcers of a scrofulous cha- 
racter. 

ISSUES AND SETONS. 

These remedies are employed as substitutes for blis- 
ters, where a permanent discharge is desired. We 
therefore insert the best rules for their employ- 
ment. 

There are three kinds of issues in common use, by 
either of which we may procure a discharge of puru- 
lent matter for any length of time that may be re- 
quired. They are applied in different situations, ac- 
cording to circumstances, and some one of the following 
parts is generally chosen; the nape of the neck; the 
hollow of the deltoid muscle, and between the shoul- 
ders or ribs ; in the inferior extremities they are most 
conveniently formed in the inside of the leg, either 
above or below the knee. 



ISSUES AND SETONS. 129 



1. Blister Issue. 



To form this issue it is merely necessary to apply a blister to any 
part in the usual manner; the skin being thus removed, the discharge 
should be continued by means of stimulating ointments, as Unguen- 
tum Cantharidum, Ung. Basilici, Ung. Sabinse, etc. These may 
be alternated with mild liniments, in order to prevent the ulceration 
and consequent discharge from becoming excessive. 

2. The Pea Issue. 

There are two modes of forming this issue; the first is made by means 
of a lancet; the part is merely taken in the thumb and finger, and 
an incision made by passing the lancet through the skin. The 
wound should be kept open by means of orange peas, the common 
pea, a bean, or a bit of orris root. 

The following extracts from the Surgeon's Vade 
Mecum, will best exemplify the manner of forming the 
issue with caustic : — 

" The part is first to be covered with a piece of ad- 
hesive plaster, in the centre of which a circular hole 
has been cut of the size of the intended issue ; in this 
hole the caustic, kali purum, made into a paste with 
soap, is to be placed. The whole is then to be covered 
with another plaster, secured by a bandage, and suf- 
fered to remain for ten or twelve hours. Generally in 
two or three days an eschar begins to separate, when 
the opening should be filled with the substance made 
choice of." These substances are enumerated above. 

3. TheSeton. 

To form this artificial discharge, take the seton needle, to which is 
attached a skein of silk, the latter being partially anointed with some 
oleaginous substance. The needle is to be passed completely 
through the part chosen for the operation, after which it is removed, 
and the ends of the silk left hanging from the wound. It should be 
dressed every day, or twice a-day, with some mild ointment; and if 
this be not sufficient to keep up the discharge, the more stimulating 
unguents may be used, as mentioned when speaking of the blister 
issue. 

17 



130 BOUGIES. 

BOUGIES. 

Although directions for forming bougies may appear 
out of place under this head, yet as country physicians 
may often be obliged to make these articles, we can 
not forbear inserting the formula?, and we see no more 
appropriate place in the work. 

R. Cerae albse, ^xvj. 

Terebinthinae venetas, .giss. 

Olei oli varum, gi. 
Melt the wax and turpentine over a slow fire, and then add the oil. 

Bougie, with Bed Lead. 

R. Olivarum Olei, Oj. 
Cerae flavae, gx. 
Oxidi Plumbi rubri, gxv. 
Boil over a slow fire until the minium is perfectly dissolved, which 
will be in about four or six hours. 

Dr. Swediaur's Bougie. 

R. Cerae flavae, ffcj. 

Cetacei ceti, 3iij. 

Plumbi acetatis, £v. 
These are to be boiled like the former until the composition is of a 
proper consistence for forming bougies. 

Sharp's Bougie. 

R. Diachyli cum pice Burgundica, gij. 
Argenti vivi, gj. 
Antimonii sulphureti ppt: gss. 
The quicksilver to be previously dissolved in balsam of sulphur or in 
honey, and added to the plaster when melted in a moderate heat. 

Bell on Venereal. 

In order to form a bougie, a slip of linen, an inch in 
width at one end, and an inch and a quarter at the 
other, and from ten to twelve inches long, must be 
dipped into the melted composition, taking care that it 
be evenly applied; it is then to be carefully folded up 



BOUGIES. 131 

into the proper longitudinal shape, and rolled firmly 
between two marble slabs, till perfectly smooth and 
even. — Pharmacop. Chirurgica. 

The caustic bougie is made by simply rolling in the 
centre of the wax bougie, at the extremity, a small 
piece of lunar or common caustic. The former is more 
manageable, and therefore generally preferred . Bougies 
are sometimes dipped in Basilicon or mercurial oint- 
ment, oil of turpentine, &c, in order to render them 
more stimulating when employed in the treatment of 
gleet, &c. 



( 132 ) 



CLASS X. 



STIMULANTS. 

In the use of stimulants, it is for the most part ad- 
visable to begin with small doses, and augment them 
as circumstances may require. There are cases, how- 
ever, in which it is necessary to give them plentifully 
ab initio. 

It will be often requisite to change not only the sti- 
mulating substances, but the part of the body to which 
they are applied; thus when the stomach fails, the 
rectum and skin may be acted upon with advantage. 



PILLS, POWDERS, &e. 

Pills of Camphor, fyc. 
R. Pulveris Lyttae, gr. xviij. 
— Opii, 



« Camphorae, aa. gr. xxxvj. 



Conservae rosarum, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilule xxxvj. — Of which one or two may be taken every 
night on going to bed. 

Designed for im potency arising from general debi- 
lity. 

Pills of Beuto-iodide of Mercury. 

R. Deuto-iodidi Hydrargyri, gr. j. 

Extraeti Juniperis vel Glycyrrhizse, gr. xij. 



STIMULANTS. 133 

Divide in pilulas viij. — Signa.-— Two in the morning and two at night; 
dose to be augmented gradually to four in the morning and four at 
night. 

Pills of proto-iodide of mercury may be made in 
the same proportions and given in the same doses. 
In scrofula. 

Pills of Turpentine, fyc. 
R. Pulveris Guaiaci, 3j. 

Terebinthinae venetse, q. s. 
Ut riant pilulae xv. — Signa. — One three times a-day. 

These pills have a powerful effect upon the urinary 
organs. They are employed in gleet and leucorrhoea, 
and frequently produce the most obstinate strangury. 

Pills of Cayenne Pepper. 
R. Pulveris Capsici,5j. 
Micae panis, 

Aquae destillatae, aa. q. s. 
Ut riant pilulae xij. — Signa. — One three or four times a-day. In de- 
bility of the stomach, resulting from intemperance. 

Aromatic Pills. 
R. Carbonatis Ammoniae, 
Capsici, 
Caryophylii, 
Macis, aa. ^j. 
Olei Carui, gtt. v. 
Extracti Gentianae, gr. xij. 
Syrupi simplicis, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulae xx. — Signa. — One every two hours in gout of the sto- 
mach. Dr. Parrish. 
Tincture of Caniharades, fyc. 

BL Radicis Rhei contusae xiss. 
Guaiaci, gr. xlv. 
Gummi Laccae, 3ss, 
Cantharidum contusarum, gj. 
Spiritus vini rectificati, gxij. 



134 STIMULANTS. 

Fiat infusio, et cola. Dose from thirty to fifty drops, night and morn- 
ing, in a draught of water. In gleets. 

From the active nature of these articles, we would 
recommend caution in the use of them. 

Mixture of Carbonate of Ammonia, fyc. 

R. Carbonatis Ammoniae, 3iss. 
Pulveris sacchari albi, 

gummi Acaciae, aa. 3iss. 

Spiritus Lavendulae compositi, 3ij- 
Aquae destillatae, vel Menthae, ^iv. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose, every one or two 
hours. — And, if desirable, Tinct. Opii, gtt. xl vel 1. may be added 
to the mixture. 

Draught with Valerian and Carbonate of Ammonia. 

R. Pulveris Valerianae, 9j. 

Carbonatis Ammonias, gr. xv. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, Jij. 
Misce. — Fiat haustus. — To be taken every fourth hour. Suited to 
cases of nervous headach, and depression of spirits. 

Mixture of Cabebs, $*c. 

R. Pulveris Cubebarum, gij. 

Carbonatis Sodae, gss. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, gvj. 

Aquae Menthae, gvj. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — Take a table-spoonful every hour and a-half. 

Mixture of Oxide of Bismuth, Cubebs, #c. 

R. Pulveris Cubebarum, ^ij- 

Sub-nitratis Bismuthi, 3ss. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, gss. 

Syrupi simplicis, gvj. 

Aquae destillatae, §vj. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — Take two table-spoonsful three times a-day. 



STIMULANTS. 135 

We have extracted these prescriptions from a paper 
of John Fosbroke, surgeon, Chittenham ; published in 
the Medical Recorder, April, 1825. 

They are recommended, with other similar com- 
pounds, in various affections of the mucous mem- 
branes : — viz. of the bowels, bladder, trachea, &c. 

There is not much general confidence reposed in 
cubebs in this country. Perhaps this skepticism as to 
their efficacy may not be well founded. 

Camphorated Enema. 

R, Enematis communis, f^ij. 

Camphorae, gij. 

Vitellum unius ovi. 
Misce. — Signa. — One fourth part to be thrown up the rectum in the 
treatment of putrid fevers, pro re nata. M. Chaussier. 

R. Acetatis Ammonias. — Quantum placet. 

This article, it is said, will dissipate inebriety in less than five minutes. 
The dose may be safely ten grains. 

Jlntisceptic Pills. 

R. Camphorae, 
Nitratis potassse, 
Pulveris Gummi Arabics', aa. 9j. 
Mix, and divide into- pills of four grains each,— Dose two pills every 
hour or two hours, when a tendency to gangrene exists. 

Draught with Powdered Ginger ', fyc. 

R. Pulveris Zingiberis, gr. xv. 

Carbonatis Ammoniae, gr. viij. 

Spiritus Cinnamomi, gij. 

Aquae, giss. 
Misce.— Signa.- — To be taken at once. In cases of gout in the sto- 
mach. 



136 STIMULANTS. 

Camphor Mixture. 

R. Camphorae, 3J. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, 

Sacchari albi, aa. 3iss. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. xl. 

Aqua? Menthae, giv. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful to be given every two hours. 

In reducing camphor to powder, (which must be 
done before it can be formed into a mixture,) it is ne- 
cessary to add to it a few drops of alcohol. 

Camphor in Milk. 

R. Camphoras, ^j. 

Lactis bullientis, §iv. 
Fiat solutio. — This preparation may be taken in the manner as di- 
rected in the former. 

Camphor Julep. 

R. Camphorae, 3j- 

Aquas bullientis, ?viij. 

Fiat mistura. — This preparation should be set aside in a covered ves- 
sel for half an hour, and then strained. — Signa. — A table-spoonful 
for a dose pro re nata. 

Camphor with Magnesia. 

R. Camphorae pulverizatae, gj. 

Magnesiae carbonatis, 3TJ. 

Aquae destillatae, Oj. 
Fiat mistura. 

This prescription answers the same purpose as the 
former. It is considered a more elegant preparation, 
and is given in the same doses. It should be suffered 
to settle ; and the clear liquor, which is slightly impreg- 
nated with the camphor, decanted for use. 



STIMULANTS. 137 

Camphor with Myrrh. 

R. Camphoras pulverizatae, gj. 
Pulveris gummi Myrrhae, Jss. 

Sacchari albi, 31J. 

Aquae destillatae, gvj 

Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful to be given every two hours. 

Mixture with Oil of Turpentine. 

R. Olei Terebinthinae, gtt. cxx. 
Pulveris gummi Arabici, 

Sacchari albi, aa. 33J - 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. lx. 

Lavendulas compositae, Jij. 

Aquae Menthae sativae, gv. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose every two hours. 

This remedy has gained great reputation in some of 
the low forms of fever. The author once employed it 
in the dose prescribed above, in passive hemorrhage 
from the bowels, with complete success ; and in he- 
morrhage from the bladder, resulting from low fever, 
he knows it to have been given with equal advantage. 

Linctus with Oil of Turpentine. 

R. Olei Terebinthinae, Q}. 

Mellis optimi, 5j. 
Fiat linctus — Dose a tea-spoonful night and morning, with a draught 
of warm tea. In Sciatica. 

Emulsion of Phosphorus. 

R. Phosphori puri, gr. ij. 

Mucilaginis Arabici, q. s. 
Let these articles be carefully and effectually triturated in a mortar, 
and add gradually as much distilled water as will make an emulsion 
of §vj. then add — 
Syrupi simplicis, 5j. 
Liquoris HofTmani mineralis, gtt. xxx. 
Fiat mistura. — Of which the usual dose is a table-spoonful every two 
hours. 

18 



138 STIMULANTS. 

This preparation was originally made by the cele- 
brated Huf eland, and is now taken from Dr. Chap- 
man's Therapeutics, p. 176, vol. 2. 

The violence of the remedy, and its very great 
power, are generally known to physicians. We need 
hardly repeat the necessity there is for the greatest 
caution in its administration. 

It is sometimes given in sweet oil, but this is said to 
be extremely nauseous. A saturated solution of ether 
has also been employed, and is perhaps as neat a mode 
as any other. This solution contains about eight grains 
to the ounce. 

Mixture of Camphor and Guaiacum, 
R. Tincturae Opii Camphoratse, 

Guaiaci ammoniatae, aa. ^j. 

Fiat mistura, et signa. — Two tea-spoonsful every two hours. In 
misplaced and retrocedent gout. 

Aromatic Spirit of Hartshorn. 
R. Spiritus Ammoniae aromatici, ^ij. 

Signa. — Twenty drops to be given in half a wine-glassful of water, 
pro re nata. In sudden exhaustion from any cause. 

Mustard Seed. 

R. Seminum Sinapeos albi, ^j. 

Signa — A tea-spoonful of the unbruised seeds two or three times a-day. 
They are said to prove beneficial in costive habits, where the con- 
stipation depends upon a torpid state of the muscular coat of the 
intestines. — Paris on Diet,p< 187. 

Infusion of Sassafras, fyc, 
R. Corticis Sassafragis, 5ss. 
Radicis Glycyrrhizae, Jij. 
Aquas bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Signa.— One half may be taken in the morning, and the 
other half in the evening. 

Recommended highly by the Germans in many 
diseases of a scrofulous character. — Huf eland's Trea- 
tise. 



STIMULANTS. 139 

Mustard Whey. 

R. Lactis vaccinae, ffcj. 

Seminum Sinapeos contus: ^j. 
Simmer until the caseous part separates, then strain, and add — 

Vini albi, ^vj. 
Signa. — A draught of this whey may be taken every hour or two in 
low fever, and debilitated stomach. 

Wine Whey* 

R. Lactis vaccinae, Oss. 

Vini albi, (Madeira,) ^j vel gij. 
Boil the milk and then add the wine. 

There are few mild stimulants more employed, or 
more useful than wine whey. Dr. Chapman speaks 
of it as having particularly a kindred action with car- 
bonate of ammonia. The dose to be regulated by the 
circumstances of the case; from four ounces to ten 
during the day. 

Infusion of Cayenne Pepper. 

R. Pulveris Capsici annui, Jiss. 

Aquae bullientis, Oss. 
Fiat infusio.— Signa, — A table-spoonful for a dose in severe colic, or 
gout in the stomach. 

For the external use of it, see Rubefacients. 

Infusion of Cloves. 
R. Caryophylli contusi, £j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oss. 
Fiat infusio.— -Signa. — To be employed in the same cases, and in 
similar doses as the former. 

This preparation is also very useful as an adjunct to 
bark in intermittent fever. 

Jin Infusion of Ginger, 
Is also an excellent stomachic, and may be employed with great 
benefit in debility of the stomach and bowels. 



140 STIMULANTS. 

Mixture with Wine, 8,-c. 

Be. Vitellum Ovij. 

Olei Cinnamomi, gtt. xx. 
Misce, et adde — 

Vini albi, (Madeira,) 

Aquas Cinnamomi, aa. 3iij. 

destillatae, 3ij. 

Sacchari albi, Jij. 
Signa. — Three spoonsful for a dose. During convalescence from low- 
fevers. 



( 141 ) 



CLASS XL 



NARCOTICS. 

Narcotics have been denominated Sedatives, from 
their power of diminishing action; Anodynes, from 
their capability of alleviating pain ; and Hypnotics, or 
Soporifics, from their power of inducing sleep. A few 
words only will be necessary as general rules for their 
administration, and any peculiarities that individuals 
of the class may possess will be noticed under the ap- 
propriate prescriptions. It is well known they possess 
the power of fulfilling two indications; namely, of ex- 
citing and depressing the powers of the system. 

To obtain the first of these results, it is necessary to 
begin with small doses, and repeat them frequently; 
while, in order to arrive at the second, a full dose must 
be given, and not resorted to again for a considerable 
length of time. We should also bear in mind that the 
system very soon becomes habituated to their action, 
and the doses must be continually enlarged if it be 
found necessary to maintain their impression. The 
difference between the susceptibility to their action 
when the body is in a morbid or healthy condition, 
should not be forgotten. 

PILLS. 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. xij. 

Saponis albi, gr. iij. 
Misce et divide in pilulas, xij. — Of which one is the ordinary dose to 
produce sleep. 



142 NARCOTICS. 

In equal weights of powdered and soft opium, the 
former is much the more powerful, the latter contain- 
ing a considerable proportion of water. This should 
be recollected when we are directing them in the form 
of pills. 

An opium pill that has been made long enough to 
become perfectly hard and dry, will be retained by an 
irritable stomach when a fresh one would be rejected. 

Pills of Lupulin. 

R. Lupulinae purae, gss. 

Contunde in mortario, et divide in pilulas x. 
Signa.— From two to four pills may be given for a dose. 

This substance, we are told by Dr. Ives, contains all 
the active properties of the hop. It is slightly narcotic, 
and will prove serviceable in irritable states of the 
stomach. 

The lupulin may be administered in powder, with 
two parts of white sugar, if it be deemed a preferable 
mode. 

Pills of Acetate of Morphia, 

R. Acetatis morphiae, gr. iij. 

Conservce rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulse, xij. 
Signa. — One may be given for a dose, repeated pro re nata % 

One grain of either of the salts of morphia, is usually 
estimated as equal to four of opium. 

The Sulphate and Muriate of Morphia are prepared 
in the same way, and given in the same dose. 

Pills of Lactucarium. 

R. Lactucarii optimi, gr. xij. 
Divide in pilulas, vj. 

Signa. — One for a dose, to be repeated in two hours, if sleep be not 
procured. 



NARCOTICS. 143 

The inspissated juice of the garden lettuce is said to 
act as a direct sedative, lessening the frequency of the 
pulse, diminishing the natural heat, and procuring 
sleep, without inducing the subsequent distressing 
effects which follow the use of opium. 

The Thridace of the French appears to be prepared 
by a different process from that employed in the pre- 
paration of the British Lactucarium. The former is 
not so highly esteemed in this country as the latter. 

Pills of Hyosciamus and Ipecacuanha. 

R. Extracti Hyosciarai nigri, gr. x. 

Pulveris Ipecacuanha?, gr. v. 
Misce et divide in pilulas x. — Signa. — One every half hour until re- 
lief is procured. 

These pills are recommended by Dr. Paris, in his 
work on diet, in cases of flatulence. They are de- 
signed to calm the irritability of the bowels. 

Pills of Opium, Hyosciamus, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. iv. 

Extracti Hyosciami, 

Conii, aa. gr. xv. 

Fiat massa in pilulas vj. dividenda. — One every night where an ano- 
dyne is required. 

Pills of Extract of Hyosciamus. 

R. Extracti Hyosciami nigri, 9j. 

Divide in pilulas x. — Of which one may be given every four hours, 
increasing the dose as required. 

This medicine is employed as a substitute for opium, 
and is said not to constipate the bowels. 

Pills of Extract of Stramonium. 

R. Extracti Stramonii, 3ss. 

Divide in pilulas xv.— Signa. — One three times a-day. 



144 NARCOTICS. 

The powdered leaves and seeds are also employed 
in similar doses. Vide Expectorants. 

Opiate Confection, 

R. Confectionis Opii, £ss. 

To be given for a dose. — One grain of opium is contained in forty- 
three grains of the Edinburgh confection. 

Pills of Extract of Conium. 

R. Extracti Conii, gj. 

Pulveris foliorum Conii, q. s.; ut fiat massa, et in pilulas xx divi- 
denda. 
One of these pills night and morning, may be taken at the commence- 
ment, gradually increasing them to two, three, four, or more, as the 
patient can bear them. 

The efficacy of narcotic plants is influenced by soil, 
climate, exposure, and cultivation; and the extracts by 
the season when the plants are gathered, and the mode 
of preparing them. Physicians would do well there- 
fore to make themselves acquainted with the quality of 
the article they prescribe, inasmuch as there may be 
a fatal difference between two parcels of different ages, 
modes of preparation, &c. — Vide Journal of the Phila- 
delphia College of Pharmacy. — On Narcotic Extracts, 
Vol II. 

Pills of Camphor. 

R. Gummi camphoras, 5ss. 

Gummi Arabici, 

Alcoholis, aa. q. s. 
Ut riant pilulae xv. — Dose. — A pill every two or three hours. 

Pills of Opium, Digitalis, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Opii, 

— Digitalis, aa. gr. vj. 

Conserve rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xij. 
Signa. — One to be taken every four hours. In Asthma, &c. 



NARCOTICS. 145 

Pills of Extract of Conium and Calomel. 

R. Extracti Conii, 9ij. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. xv. 
Misce. — Fiant pilulas xv. — Signa. — One three times a-day. In pseu- 
do-syphilitic affections. 

Pills of Powdered Nux Vomica. 

R. Pulveris Nucis vomicae, 5ss. 

Conserve rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulse x. 
Signa. — One to be given two or three times a-day, closely watching 
the effects. In paralysis. 

Pills of the Resin of Nux Vomica. 

R. Extracti Nucis vomicae resinosi, gr. x. 

Divide in pilulas xv. — One pill twice a-day, gradually augmenting until 
tetanic effects are produced. 

Pills of Strychnia. 

R. Strychniae, gr. ij. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulee xxiv. 
Of which one pill may be given once or twice a-day, according to the 
idiosyncrasy of the patient. 

This latter medicine is still more powerful than the 
former two : for their mode of preparation, manner of 
exhibition, and peculiar effects, see Majendie's Formu- 
lary, page 82. It is only necessary in this place to 
observe, that great nicety is requisite in dividing the 
mass into pills of equal strength. 

Tincture of Strychnia. 

R. Alcohol, 3j. 

Strychniae, gr. iij. 
Fiat tinctura. — This tincture to be given by drops, from six to twenty- 
four, in draughts or drinks. 
19 



146 NARCOTICS. 

Draught of Strychnia. 

&. Strychnia? purse, gr. j. 

Sacchari albi, ^ij. 

Acidi acetici, gtt. ij. 

Aquae destillatae, ^ij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful morning and evening. 

Strychnia forms with acids a variety of salts, which 
generally are very soluble, and for this reason much 
more active than the alkali uncombined. These may 
be resorted to when the system becomes habituated to 
the action of strychnia. The commencing dose of the 
salts, should not be greater than that of the alkaloid. 
It should be borne in mind that this substance will be 
increased by all acid drinks, such as lemonade, both 
in solubility and power. — See Majendie's Formulary, 
Edit. 5, p. 12. 

MIXTURES, TINCTURES, &e. 

Opiate Mixture. 

B. Pulveris Opii, 9ss. 
Sacchari albi, £j. 
Aquae Cinnamomi, 5vj. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful may be taken every two 
hours, so that the whole be consumed in twenty-four. In cases of 
tetanus and colica pictonum. 

Hemlock Mixture, 

R. Succi Conii spissati, Jss. 

Syrupi Papaveris albi, 5j. 

Aquae destillatae, gvij. 
Misce. — A table-spoonful three or four times a-day for a dose. 

Tincture of Resin of Nux Vomica. 

fi. Extracti Nucis vomicae exsiccati, gr. iij. 

Spiritus vini rectificati, ^j. 
Fiat tinctura. — This tincture to be given in doses of fifteen or twenty 
drops, in any kind of drink. 



NARCOTICS. 147 

This preparation, and the pills made of the resin of 
mix vomica, have been successfully used in cases of 
general and local paralysis. Nux vomica is also ap- 
plied by friction in paralytic and other nervous diseases. 
The following is Majendie's formula for this purpose : 

R. Tincturae nucis vomicae, gj. 

Aquas Ammoniae (ammoniaque concentree,) 3ij» 
Misce. — 

Opiate Colly riiim, 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. j. 

Camphorae, gr. v. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, ±j. 
Misce, et fiat collyrium. 

Anodyne Draught, 

R. Tincturae Opii, gtt. xv vel xxv. 

Syrupi Papaveris, 3ij« 

Spiritus Cinnamomi, 3j. 

Aquae destillatae, giss. 
Misce. — Signa. — Anodyne draught. Laudanum is very disagreeable 
to some persons; combined as above, the taste may be disguised. 

As the regulation of doses for children is, to the 
young practitioner, one of the most difficult parts of 
prescribing; and as laudanum is an article so uni- 
versally employed in their diseases, we subjoin the 
following graduated table from Dr. Dorsey's Syllabus, 
1817, page 36. 

For a child at birth, or within a month after | to 1 drop, 

Under a year old - - - - £ to 2 or 3 

From one to two years of age - - - 1 to 5 

From two to five 2 to 8 

From five to ten 5 to 15 

From ten to fifteen 10 to 20 

At fifteen years 15 to 20 

For an adult ----., 25 to 30 



14S NARCOTICS. 

It is important in the employment of this remedy, 
that it should be a saturated tincture, and perfectly 
transparent, For these reasons it should be obtained 
from the apothecary in small quantities, as it is liable 
to deposite part of the opium; hence the liquid near 
the surface is weaker, and causes that in the bottom of 
the phial to be very strong, if it be shaken before using. 
Infants have been destroyed by the exhibition of thick 
laudanum. Physicians, therefore, should always ex- 
amine the phial, if any be in the possession of a family, 
before trusting the nurse to give a dose to the child. 

Solution of Acetate of Morphia. 

R. Acetatis Morphia?, gr. xvj, 

Aqua? destillatae, ^vj. 

Acidi acetici diluti, 3ij. 
Misce. — The dose is from ten to twenty drops. 

Sirup of Acetate of Morphia, 
R. Acetatis Morphia?, gr, iv. 

Syrupi simplicis, f^j. 
Misce. — Signa. — Two tea-spoonsful may be taken for a dose, and 
repeated pro re nata. 

The sirup of the sulphate of morphia may be made 
in the same proportions, and given in the same doses. 
The latter salt has one superiority over the former, 
namely, that the acetate when dissolved in water is 
decomposed, two salts resulting, the one soluble, the 
other not. From this objection the sulphate is ex- 
empt. 

Majendie states that, by alternating these new alka- 
line remedies, Ave may prolong the effect without in- 
creasing the dose. If this observation be correct it 
is well worth remembering \~Majmdid s Formulary, 
p. 24 

Solution of Sulphate of Morphia, 

R. Morphia? sulphatis, gr. ij. 
Aqua? destillatae, §ij. 



NARCOTICS. 149 

Fiat solutio. — Dose. — A tea-spoonful, repeated according to circum- 
stances. Twice that quantity is nearly equivalent to a grain of 
opium or twenty-five or thirty drops of laudanum. 

The muriate and nitrate of morphia possess no ad- 
vantages over the sulphate and acetate. 

Solution of Citate of Morphia. 

R. Morphinae purse, gr. xvj. 

Acidi citrici crystallizati, gr. viij. 

Aquas destillatas, 3j. 

Tincturae coccinellae, q. s. 
Ut flat solutio. — Dose five to twenty drops, pro re nala. Majendie. 

The French chemists have also discovered in opium 
a principle allied in its effects to morphia, and called 
Codeine. In dose of a single grain it proves highly 
anodyne, but distresses the stomach in larger doses. 
Its salts are given in somewhat smaller quantities. — 
Majeridie, 9vme, Ed. p. 80. 

A preparation of opium, known as McMunn' s Elixir, 
has been for several years much in vogue in this coun- 
try. The mode of preparation is a secret with the 
proprietor; but the medicine has certainly some ad- 
vantages over all others of its class. For example, it 
rarely affects the head, and causes little or no constipa- 
tion, but acts freely on the urinary organs and skin. 
It is given in the same dose as laudanum. 

Tincture of Lupulin. 

R. Lupulinae purae contuses, ^j. 
Alcohol, ^ij. 

Digest for six days in a close vessel. Strain, filter, and add a sufrl« 
cient quantity of alcohol to make ?iij. of the tincture. Of this from 
5ss. to 5ij- ma y De taken for a dose. — See Pharmacologia, art. 
Hamulus. 

Tincture of Hops. 
R. Tincturae Lupulorum, 5j. 

Signa. — Of this, a tea-spoonful may be taken as a narcotic in cases 
where opium is inadmissible. 



150 NARCOTICS. 

Hops are also given in the form of infusion; for 
which see tonics. Enclosed in a bag, they have ac- 
quired some celebrity as a pillow. Their soporific 
powers, however, when thus employed, are very 
equivocal. 

Camphor and Hoffman's Anodyne. 

R. Aquae camphorae, %iv. 
Liquor Hoffmanni, gij. 
Misce. — Dose. — A dessert-spoonful every hour or two hours. In 
nervous affections, and the sleeplessness of fever. 

Infusion of Camphor. 

R. Camphorae gummi, ^j. 
Aquae bullientis, gviij. 

Pour the hot water on the gum, and allow it to stand until cold: it 
should be then kept in a well-stopped phial. Dose. — A table- 
spoonful every hour or two hours. In febrile pervigilium and 
nervous irritability. 

Tincture of Opium and Oil of Turpentine. 

R. Tincturae Opii, ^j. 

Olei Terebinthinae, ^ss. 
Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful every hour, may be given in delirium 
tremens. 

The turpentine may be added or omitted at the dis- 
cretion of the physician, and the quantity of laudanum 
in some cases may be doubled. We have given two 
tea-spoonsful every hour until §ij. of laudanum were 
taken, with success. We do not believe in the doc- 
trine, however, that opium in this disease may be 
administered almost ad libitum without danger. On 
the contrary, we are well assured that death has been 
caused by the excessive use of this narcotic in delirium 
tremens. 

Denarcotized Laudanum. 
R. Tincturae Opii sine Narcotina. 



NARCOTICS. 151 

This preparation, now common in all our shops, was 
proposed by Robiquet. It is said to relieve pain and 
induce sleep, without producing the ordinary sequel© 
of opium or laudanum. 

Black Drop. 

R. Tincture Opii acetatae, £i. 

From six to eight drops of this preparation may be given to an adult 
for a dose. It is said to be three times the strength of laudanum, 
but has obtained celebrity from the fact, that it equally promotes 
the ends of laudanum without affecting the head and stomach. 
Where it cannot be had, it is stated by Dr. Chapman, that by giving 
the alcoholic tincture of opium in vinegar, we obtain nearly the 
same results. 

Elixir Paregoric. 

R. Tincturae Opii camphoratae. 

A tea-spoonful of this may be given to an adult for a dose. It is prin- 
cipally employed as an expectorant. 

Wine of Opium. 

The dose of the Vinum Opii is the same as the spirituous tincture; 
though we believe it is seldom employed, except as an external ap- 
plication to chronic inflammation of the eyes. 

Tincture of Digitalis. 

R. Tincturae Digitalis, 3ij. 

Of which ten drops may be given at first twice or three times a-day, 

increasing the quantity as the system becomes accustomed to it. 

The peculiar character of this remedy should induce caution in 

giving it. 

For its particular applications and effects, see Ex- 
pectorants and Diuretics. 

Infusion and Tincture of Digitalis, 
Vide Diuretics and Expectorants, 



152 NARCOTICS. 

Infusion of Conium. 

R. Foliorum Conii, 3ss. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio et cola. — Signa. — To be applied as a wash to cancerous 
and scirrhous ulcers. 

A cataplasm is also employed for the same purpose, 
made by mixing the powdered leaves with bread and 
water poultice. 

Solution of the Extract of Belladonna. 

R. Extracti Belladonnas, 9j. 

Aquas destillatse, giij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — To be applied to the eye in cases of cataract, 
for the purpose of dilating the pupil and exposing the lens. 

The extract of belladonna is occasionally given in 
doses of a grain three or four times a-day. 

Ointment of Belladonna. 

R. Extracti Belladonnas, Jij. 
Aquae destillatse, gij. 
Adipis suilli, 3ij. 
Fiat unguentum. — To be applied to the neck of the uterus in rigidity 
of that part, occasioned by disease, or previous to delivery. It is 
said to act on the same principle as it does in dilating the iris. The 
application to be made for some time by means of a syringe with a 
wide mouth. M. Chaussier. 

Infusion of Hyosciamus Niger. 

R. Foliorum Hyosciami nigri, ^ss. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Employed as an external application to cancerous, scro- 
fulous, and other indolent ulcers. 

Decoction of Bitter Sweet, 

R. Dulcamaras stipitum, ^j. 

Aquas destillatas, Ojss. 
Boil to a pint and strain* 



NARCOTICS. 153 

Dr. Chapman directs a wine-glassful to be taken fre- 
quently, and gradually increased, until a pint is con- 
sumed daily, in chronic eruptions, &c. The same 
preparation is employed as a wash. 

Decoction of Stramonium in Milk. 

R. Foliorum Stramonii, 5ij. 

Lactis recentis, Oiss. 
Boil to a pint and strain. Apply to gouty, rheumatic, and other pain- 
ful swellings. 

Solution of Extract of Belladonna. 

R. Extracti Belladonnas, gr. iij. 

Aquas Cinnamomi, jfj. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — Two or three drops twice or thrice a-day, to a 

child under a year old, and an additional drop for every additional 

year. 

Belladonna has been recently used in Germany as a 
preventive of scarlatina. The extract, if given for se- 
veral days, produces a scarlet eruption, and affection 
of the fauces, analogous to those of scarlatina; and it is 
pretended that this factitious disease is sufficient to 
prevent the access of the real one. 

Opium Enema. 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. ij. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, 5ss. 

Lactis tepifacti, gij. 
Misce pro enemate. 

Opium Enema. 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. iij vel iv. 

Axungias Porcinae, gj. 
Melt them together with a gentle heat, and when of a proper warmth, 
inject the mixture with a small syringe. 
20 



154 NARCOTICS. 

Solution of Opium in Lime Water, fyc, 

R. Extracti Opii, gr. j. 
Aquae Calcis, 

Olei Amygdalae dulcis, 5a. 311J. 
Fiat mistura. — Recommended by Dr. Sibergundi of Dorsten, in the 
treatment of sore nipples, It is to be applied to the parts on dossils 
of lint. 

Laudanum Enema, 
R. Tincturae Thebaicae, 3j. 

Infusionis Lini, 3ij» 
Fiat enema. 

It is generally observed that three times the quantity 
of a remedy may be thrown into the rectum that may 
be taken into the stomach. As regards opium, how- 
ever, we believe it to be too much, particularly in chil- 
dren. Indeed, it is an unsettled point in therapeutics, 
whether remedies act most powerfully upon the rectum 
or the stomach. 

Suppository of Opium* 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. ij. 

Saponis albi, gr. iv. 
Misce bene. — Introduce into the rectum, when an enema cannot be 
administered. 

Plaster of Opium, fyc, 

R. Opii puri, 

Camphorae, ua. £ss, 
Emplastri Lithargyri, 3^ 
Melt the plaster, and having previously powdered the other articles, 
mix them gradually, stirring it. For local pains. 

Plaster of Opium. 

R. Pulveris Opii, 

— C amphorae, 

1* Saponis albi, ua. gj. 

Tincturae Thebaicae, q. s.-^ut fiat emplastrum. 



NARCOTICS. 155 

This plaster is recommended by Dr. Dewees, and 
is employed in the same case as the above. Another, 
and the most common plan, is to spread Theriaca 
Andromachi* on leather of the size required, and cover 
it with powdered opium, sprinkling a little laudanum 
to promote the adhesion of the opium. 

* The original Theriaca Andromachi is composed of sixty-one ingredients, 
pulverized and rubbed up with honey into an electuary. A preparation bearing 
the same name, but used for the same purposes, is now made in a much less 
elaborate way. The word Theriaca is, at the present day, applied to any coarse 
sirup, as treacle or molasses. 



( 156 ) 



CLASS XIL 



ANTISPASMODICS. 

Antispasmodics are those medicines which allay 
spasm, and compose the irregular actions of the nervous 
system. Some of the most powerful of them are de- 
rived from the class of Narcotics. 

Pills of Asafoztida and Soap. 

R. Gummi Asafoetidae, 3j 

Saponis albi, gr. x. 

Aquae fontis, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xx. 
Two or four of these pills may be taken for a dose and repeated pro 
re nata. 

Pilulae Asafcetidae cum aloe, et 

— cum Rheo, 

May be given in the same doses as those made with 
soap only. 

Opium Pills. 

As under Narcotics. 

Pills with Castor and Salt of Amber, 

R. Castorei, 3j. 

Acidi Succinici, £ss. 

Extracti Gentianae, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xxiv. 
Dose three pills night and morning. — In hysteria. 



ANTISPASMODICS. 157 

Calomel Pills. 
As under Sialagogues. 

Pills of Musk, Camphor, fyc. 

R. Moschi optirai, 9ss. 

C amphorae, 9j. 

Gummi Ammoniaci, 3ij. 

Opii purificati, gr. iv. 
Misce, et fiant pilulae singular, gr. iv. 

Signa. — The dose may be four or five in the twenty-four hours. In 
nervous diseases. M. A, Richard. 

Bolus with Valerian and Rust of Iron, 

R. Pulveris radicis Valerianae, 3j. 

Carbonatis prsecipitatis Ferri, Bss. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, q. s., ut fiat bolus. 
One three times a-day. 

Bolus with Musk and Camphor. 

R. Camphorae, gr. v. 

Moschi, gr. xv. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s., ut fiat bolus. 
Signa. — To be taken at once. 

This is a strong dose, but can be readily modified 
by the practitioner. 

To confine the aroma, musk should always be kept 
in phials, whether in the form of pills or otherwise. 

Bolus with Musk and Carbonate of Ammonia. 

R, Moschi, 

Carbonatis Ammonias, aa. 9ss. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s., ut fiat bolus. 
To be taken every third hour. 

Recommended in mortification accompanied with 
spasmodic action. 



158 ANTISPASMODICS, 

Musk Mixture. 

R. Moschi optimi, 3ij. 

Sacchari albi, ^j. 

Pulveris gummi Arabici, Jij. 

Aquae destillatae, gvj. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful to be given every hour or two 
hours. 

Mixture with Musk, 8fc, 

K. Misturae Moschatae, gvj* 

Tincturae Opii camphoratae, jss. 

"Valerianae ammoniatae, ?j. 

Misee. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful three or four times a-day. For chil- 
dren in pertussis. 

Tincture of Asafostida, Castor, fyc, 

R. Tincturae Asafcetidae, 

Castorei, aa. % ss. 

Aquae Ammoniae, ^ij. 
Misce. — A tea-spoonful may be taken in a glass of water for a dose. 

Hoffman's Anodyne and Laudanum. 

R. Liquoris Anodyni HofTmani, ^iij. 
Tincturae Thebaicae, gtt. Ixxx. 
Aquae Cinnamomi, 5vj. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every one or two hours. In 
hysteria, &c. 

Mixture with Jlsafcetida, $c. 

R. Asafcetidae, 3j. 

Aquae Menthae piperitae, 5iss. 
Fiat solutio, et adde — 

Tincturae Valerianae ammoniatae, 3ij. 

Castorei, 3iij. 

iEtheris sulphurici, 3j. 
Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose every second hour. In hysteria. 



ANTISPASMODICS. 159 

Infusion of Valerian. 

R. Valerianas radicis, ij. 

Aquas bullientis, Oj. 
Put them into a covered vessel and let them stand until cold. — Dose 
a wine-glass full every two or three hours. 

Tincture of Valerian and Hoffman's Anodyne. 

R. Liquoris Hoffmani Anodyni, 
Tincturae Valerianae, aa. 5i. 
Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful for a dose, pro re nata, shaking the 
phial each time. 

Mixture with Ether and Laudanum. 

R. iEtheris Sulphurici, gij. 

Sacchari albi, 

Gummi Acaciae, aa. 3iss. 

Tincturse Thebaicae, gtt. lx. 

Aquse Cinnamomi, ^ij. 
Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful every hour. In cramp of the sto- 
mach, &c. 

Solution of Boracic Acid, fyc» 

R. Syrupi simplicis, gj. 

Acidi boracici, 3j. 

Infusionis Tiliae vel foeniculi, ^iv. 
Misce. — Signa. — A small table-spoonful three or four times a-day. 

The above is employed by the French physicians in 
cerebral affections. Ratter. 

Asafcetidse Enema. 

R. Asafcetidae, 3ij. 

Decocti Avenae, gx. vel gxij. 
Misce pro enemate. — Tine. Opii may be added pro re nata. In hys- 
teria, spasmodic colic, &c. 



160 ANTISPASMODICS. 

Musk Clyster. 

R. Moschi, gr. xij. 

Sacchari purificati, 9ij. 

Gummi Acaciae contriti, 9jss. 

Alcoholis aramoniati, gtt. xxx. 

Infusionis Lini, ^iv. 
Fiat enema. — For children seized with convulsions. 

Confection of Opium, fyc. 

R. Confectionis Opii, 3vj. 
Tincturae Camphorae, 3x. 
Aceti destillati, ^ij. 
Misce. — To be applied as a plaster warm to the region of the stomach. 
In vomitings, &c. 

Opiate Plaster. 

As under Narcotics. 

Hemlock Plaster. 
As under Narcotics. 

Tobacco Clyster. 
As under Cathartics. 



( 161 ) 



CLASS XIII 



SIALAGOGUES. 

Those medicines which increase the salivary secre- 
tion are denominated Sialagogues. In forming these 
into a class in this place, we trespass somewhat upon 
the arrangement of Dr. Chapman, but merely from a 
motive of convenience; for we agree with him that 
such a class is better expunged from the Materia Me- 
dica, at the same time that it appeared necessary to 
introduce it here, in order to place the mercurial pre- 
parations in stronger relief than could otherwise be 
done. 

Pills of Calomel, 

R. Hydrargyri Chloridi mitis, gr. xij. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s., fiant pilulse xij. 
Signa. — One morning and evening, and if necessary until salivation is 
excited. 

Pills of Corrosive Sublimate. 

R. Chloridi corrosivi Hydrargyri, 

Ammoniae, aa. gr. v. 

Aquae destillatae, gtt. xxx vel xl. 

Conservae rosarum, 9j. 

Pulveris Glycyrrhizae, q. s., ut fiant pilube xl. 
Of which, give one pill three or four times a-day. In lues venerea. 
21 



162 SIALAGOGUES. 

Dupuytren's Antisypliilitic Pills. 

K. Deuto-chloridi hydrargyri, gr. ss. 

Extracti cinchonse, gr. x. 

Opii, gr. ss. 

Pulveris cinchona?, q. s* 
Ut fiant pilulae ij. — The two pills may be taken, one in the morning 
and the other at night; but as each contains a quarter of a grain of 
sublimate, their action must be closely watched. M. Dupuytren 
was partial to these pills in the treatment of Syphilis. He thought 
the opium and cinchona promoted and beneficially modified the ac- 
tion of the sublimate. 

Pills with Corrosive Sublimate and Hemlock. 

R. Chloridi corrosivi Hydrargyri, gr. vj 
Solvantur in — 

Aqua destillata, q. s. et adde — 

Succi Conii spissati, 3j. cum 

Pulvere Conii, q. s., ut fiat massa, in pilulas xlviij dividenda. 

These pills contain the same quantity of mercury as 
the former, and may be given in the same number, and 
for the same purpose. 

Pills of Acetate of Mercury. 

R. Acetatis Hydrargyri, 

Mannse optimae, 

Pulveris Acaciae, aa. 9j. 

Aqua? rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulae, xx. 
Of which let three be taken every night, till a gentle salivation is ex- 
cited* 

This preparation is said to be the mildest of the mer- 
curial salts, and is less apt to disturb the bowels ; but 
it is believed to be less efficacious in arresting the ve- 
nereal disease. 

The effect of the mercurial preparations upon chil- 
dren is sometimes very serious, and even fatal. So 
powerful upon them is the action of this medicine, that 
a profuse, or even gentle salivation, will sometimes 



SIALAGOGUES, 163 

produce mortification and destruction to the jaw, 
cheek, and lip. This, however, does not often hap- 
pen, but is such a shocking occurrence, that the gums 
should be frequently and carefully examined whilst they 
are taking mercury. It is, nevertheless, a fact, that a 
disease precisely similar in all its features occasionally 
attacks children who are badly clothed and fed, though 
no mercury has been given to them. 

Solution of Cyanide of Mercury. 

R. Hydrargyri cyanidi, gr. viij. 
Aqua? destillatae, f^j. 

Fiat solutio. — This is the Liqueur <ftnti-Syphilitique of Chaussier, 
who prefers it to corrosive sublimate on account of its greater 
solubility and more speedy action. By giving a tea-spoonful of the 
solution we give one-eighth of a grain of the cyanide, which may 
be repeated morning, noon and night, watching its effects. 

Pills of Iodide of Mercury, 
R. Iodidi hydrargyri, gr. v. 
Confectionis rosae, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulae, xxx. 
Each pill will contain the sixth of a grain, which may be given three 
times a-day. Double the quantity (two pills) is sometimes admi- 
nistered at first, but care should be taken not to push it too far. 

Compound Pills of Proto-Iodide of Mercury. 
R. Proto-iodidi Hydrargyri, gr. iij. 
Extracti Opii, gr. ij. 
Lactucarii, gr. xij. 
Extracti guiaci, gr. xxiv. 
Misce, et fiant pilulae, xxiv. — Given by M. Ricord in the syphilis of 
children. He directs one pill for a child six months old, and two, 
three, or four pills for older children. 

Lunglison, New Rem. p. 280. 

Pills of Proto-Iodide of Mercury. 

R. Proto-iodidi Hydrargyri, gr. j. 
Extracti Juniperi, gr. xij. 
Pulveris Glycyrrhizse, q. s. 



164 SIALAGOGUES. 

Ut fiant pilulae, viij. — In adult patients Majendie directs two to be 
given morning and evening, to be increased to three or four. 

Dunglison, ut supra. 

Pills with Calomel, Camphor, fyc. 

R. Hydrargyri chloridi raitis, 

Camphorse, aa. 9j. 

Pulveris Opii, gr. xij. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s. — ut fiant pilulae xx. 
Signa. — One or two to be taken morning, noon and night. In cases 
where calomel by itself causes purging. 

Blue Mercurial Pills. 

K. Massae ex Hydrargyro, 9iss. 
Divide in piiulas, xij. 

Signa. — One may be taken three or four times a-day, according to 
circumstances. 

If they should produce any effect upon the bowels, 
not desired, Pulv. Opii. gr. ss. may be added. The 
mass directed in the American Pharmacopoeia con- 
tains one grain of mercury in every two and a half 
grains. One grain is contained in four of the Edin- 
burgh — and in three of the London and Dublin. 

Powder of Mercury and Chalk with Ipecacuanha. 

B=. Hydrargyri cum creta, 9j. 
Pulveris Ipecacuanhas, 9ss. 
Misce. — Fiant chartulae, vj. 
Signa.— One night and morning in sirup. 

Recommended by Dr. Paris, in those cases of dys- 
pepsia in which the biliary secretion is impaired. He 
prefers it under these circumstances to every other 
form of mercury. 

Compound Powder of Sulphate of Mercury. 

R. Hydrargyri flavi sulphatis, gr. j. 

Pulveris Asari, giss. 
Misce et divide in chartulas, viij. 



SIALAGOGUES. 165 

Signa. — One of these may be used as an Errhine, morning and 
evening. In Gutta Serena, Ozcena, and after the removal of 
Polypi. 

Pills of the Red Oxide of Mercury. 

R. Oxidi Hydrargyri rubri, gr. iij. 
Pulveris Opii, gr. j. 
Olei Caryophilli, gtt. ij. 
Fiant pilulae iij. — Signa. — One pill every night for a week. In vene- 
real cases. 

This preparation was formerly used by the cele- 
brated J. Hunter; but from its harshness it is now 
generally superseded by others. 



Mixture with Muriate of Mercury. 

B. Chloridi Hydrargyri corrosivi, gr. ij. 

Aquae destillatae, §vj. 

Spiritus Cinnamomi, 

Syrupi simplicis, aa. §j. 
Misce. — Dose. — One or two large spoonsful, twice or thrice a-day. 
In venereal cases. 

Mercurial Solution. 

R. Chloridi Hydrargyri corrosivi, gr. xvj. 
Alcoholis, ^ss. 
Aquae destillatae, Oj. 
Misce. — This is the celebrated Liquor of Van Swieten, who directs 
half an ounce of it to be taken morning and evening, in milk, solu- 
tion of gum or sirup. Its use requires caution. In venereal affec- 
tions. 

Spirituous Solution of Corrosive Sublimate. 

R. Chloridi corrosivi Hydrargyri, gr. ij. 

Spiritus vini tenuoris, giv. 
Solve. — Of which a table-spoonful, night and morning, may be taken 
in a draught of decoction of Sarsaparilla, 



166 SIALAGOGUES. 

The muriate of mercury is decidedly preferred by 
some physicians in the treatment of syphilis. John 
Hunter was of opinion, however, that the disease was 
more liable to recur, after its use, than when some of 
the other preparations had been employed. 

Strong Mercurial Ointment. 
R. Unguenti Hydrargyri fortis, ^j. 

One drachm of this ointment to be rubbed on the inside of the thighs, 
before the fire, every night. 

It is by some physicians recommended to employ 
the warm bath before using this ointment, while others 
consider it useless. We think the practice may oc- 
casionally be beneficial. The hands of the person 
rubbing it on, if it be an attendant, should be enve- 
loped in a bladder, or gloves made of oiled silk. 

Strong Mercurial Ointment with Camphor. 
R. Unguenti Hydrargyri fortis, gj. 

Camphors, 3j. 
Misce. — To be employed as the former. 

Masticatory with Pellitory, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Radicis Pyrethri, 

Resinae Mastichi, aa. &J. 
Let these be dissolved together by a moderate application of heat: then 
divide the mass into two equal parts. One of these lumps may be 
chewed at pleasure. In toothach and paralytic affections of the 
tongue. 

Mixture of Pellitory, Opium, fyc. 
R. Radicis Pyrethri contusee, §ss. 
Aceti destillati, §vj. 
Gummi Opii, gr. iij. 
Digest in a sand bath for an hour. — Signa. — A spoonful to be held in 
the mouth and frequently renewed. Used in the same cases as the 
former. 

There are several other substances, such as polygala 
senega, nitric acid, &c, which occasionally excite 



SIALAGOGUES. 167 

salivation; but as this is simply one effect of these 
remedies, and one of little consequence, they are 
treated of under more appropriate heads. 

Mercurial Lotion. 

R. Chloridi Hydrargyri corrosivi, 3j. 

Aquae destillatce, gvj. 
Solve et adde — 

Mnriatis ammoniae, 3ij. 

Potassas nitratis, §ss. 
Fiat lotio. — Principally used as a wash in itch. 

GoooVs Study of Med. vol. iv, 

Antacrid Tincture. 

R. Guaiaci pulveris, 3j. 
Balsami Canadensis, 3j. 
Hydrargyri chloridi corrosivi, 9j. 
Olei Sassafragis, 3ij. 
Spiritus Vini Rectiflcati, gviij. 
Dissolve the Corrosive Sublimate in one-half the spirit, and then add 
to it the other ingredients.— Signa.— Of this from ten to twenty 
drops may be taken morning and evening, in wine or water. 

This form of exhibiting corrosive sublimate is of 
ancient date ; and has been lately employed by Dr. 
Emerson and other practitioners of this place in lues 
venerea, &c. 

Jlntacrid Ointment. 

R. Hydrargyri Oxidi rubri, 3*ss. 

Chloridi corrosivi, ^ij, 

Acetatis Plumbi, §j. 

Cerse Albae, giv. 

Olei olivarum, §vj. 

Olei Bergamotta gtt. xx. 
Rub the two mercurial preparations with water to an impalpable pow- 
der — then dry them, and add the acetate of lead. Melt the oil and 
wax together, and add the other ingredients gradually—- stirring the 
mixture. 



168 SIALAGOGUES. 

This ointment has some celebrity in the cure of tet- 
ter, and some other obstinate cutaneous diseases. 

Ointment of Red Precipitate, fyc. 

R. Oxidi Hydrargyri rubri, gr. x. 

Sulphatis Zinci, 9j. 

Axungiae purificatae, §ij. 
Fiat unguentum. 

Recommended by Professor Dupuytren in obstinate 
chronic ophthalmia depending on a scrofulous dia- 
thesis. 

Anti-herpetic Ointment. 

R. Sulphatis Hydrargyri flavae, 5}. 

Tincturae Opii, 3j. 

Sulphuris sublimati, gss. 

Axungise, gj. 
Fiat unguentum. — This has been successfully used in herpes, alter- 
nated with the simple water bath by M. Cullerier. 

Ointment of Deuto-ioduret of Mercury, 

R. Deuto-iodureti Hydrargyri, gr. xv. 

Adipis preparatas, ^ij. 

Olei limonis, gtt. xx. 
Fiat unguentum. 

This ointment has been found highly efficacious in 
syphilitic tubercles, or chronic ulceration of a syphili- 
tic character, but its great activity requires close at- 
tention. The following formula, which is much less 
active, may be employed with less inconvenience. 

R. Proto-iodureti Hydrargyri, Jss. 
Adipis preeparatce, giss. 
Olei, gtt. xv. 
Fiat unguentum.— Syphilitic ulcerations which have resisted a variety 
of remedies, have cicatrized rapidly under the use of this ointment. 

Ratier. 



SIALAGOGUES. 169 

Ointment of Cyanuret of Mercury. 

R. Cyanureti Hydrargyri, gr. xvj. 

Adipis prseparatae, 3> 

Essentiae citri medicae, gtt. xv. 
Fiat unguentum. — Used in Herpes, attended by intense inflammation 
and itching. 



22 



( 170 ) 



CLASS XIV. 



TONICS. 

Those medicines are considered Tonics which im- 
part strength to the system, without subjecting it to any 
preternatural excitement during their operation. They 
stimulate, however, in a secondary manner, by gradu- 
ally increasing the force of the circulation, and by re- 
storing the digestive and secretory functions to a more 
healthy state. Considerable perseverance is often ne- 
cessary in giving any one of this class a fair trial; and 
when one fails, we may often resort with success to 
another : much also may sometimes be gained by alter- 
nating them. 

POWDERS, &c 

Powder of Peruvian Bark, 

R. Pnlveris Cinchonae optimae. 

A drachm or a tea-spoonful to be taken every hour in port-wine, wa- 
ter, or milk, during the intermission of fever and ague. 

It is directed by some practitioners to suspend the 
bark till within a few hours of the expected paroxysm ; 
and by a few others to administer it during the hot 
stage of the disease. We have generally found it to 
be the most successful plan to commence immediately 
after the paroxysm has ended, and give every hour a 



TONICS. 171 

dose of the remedy, until the expected period of its 
return ; and if the chill does not recur, to continue it 
in smaller quantities for several days. 

Powder of Peruvian Bark and Cloves. 

R. Pulveris Cinchonae, 

Super-tartratis Potassae, aa, 3j. 

Pulveris Caryophilli, 3j. 
Misce. — Dose. — A drachm and a half every second hour. 

This compound will sometimes succeed when the 
bark alone fails. 

Powder of Peruvian Bark and Sulphate of Magnesia, 

R. Pulveris Cinchonae, 

Sulphatis Magnesiae, aa. 3vj. 
Fiat pulvis, et divide in partes sequales iv. — One to be taken every 
two hours, where purging is required. 

Powder of Peruvian Bark, Snake Root, $c. 

R. Pulveris Cinchonae, 3ss. 

Serpentariae, 3j. 

Sodae Bi-carbonatis, gr. xl. 
Misce. — Divide in chartulas iv. — Signa. — One to be given every two 
hours. In obstinate intermittents. 

If the bark should purge when given alone, a little 
opium may be added : when it oppresses the stomach, 
cloves, as in a former prescription. If costiveness 
should follow, rhubarb, or sulphate of magnesia may 
be used. The alkali in the above preparation will cor- 
rect acidity. 

Powder of Augustura Bark. 

R. Pulveris Cuspariae febrifugae, gss. 

Divide in chartulas vj. — Of which one may be taken three or four times 
a-day, in water or any other vehicle. 



172 TONICS. 

This remedy, we learn, has been successfully em- 
ployed in uterine hemorrhage. 

Powder of carbonate of Iron. 

R. Pulveris carbonatis Ferri praecipitati, gj. 

Divide in chartulas iv. — Signa. — One every six hours in molasses. In 
Chorea, Neuralgia, &c. 

The above remedy, we are told, has been success- 
fully used in these very painful affections, both in 
England and America. The dose is sometimes car- 
ried as far as gss. every four or six hours, after anti- 
phlogistic treatment, if the latter be required. 

Powder of Colombo, Ginger, f c. 

R. Pulveris Colombae, 

Carbonatis Ferri praecipitati, 

Rhei, 

Zingiberis, aa. 3j. 

Misce. — Fiant doses xij. — One to be taken three times a-day, in mo- 



Powder of Colombo, and Tartrate of Iron, 

R. Tartratis Ferri, 9ij. 

Pulveris Colombae, 3j. 
Fiant pulveres iv. — Signa. — One every three or four hours, in sirup. 

Powder with Rust of Iron, fyc. 

R. Sulphatis Ferri, 9ij. 

Carbonatis Ferri praecipitatis, 3iss. 
Divide in pulveres xij. — Signa. — One to be taken morning, noon and 
night, in sirup or molasses. 

Pills of Cinchona and Camphor. 

R. Extracti cinchona?, 3j. 

Opii, gr. j. 

Gummi camphorae, gr. xij. 

Pulveris cinchonae, q. s, 
Ut fiant nlulas xij. — One to be taken three or four times a-day. 

Ratier. 



TONICS. 173 

Powder of Prussiate of Iron and Guaiacum. 

R. Ferrocyanatis Ferri, 

Pnlveris Guaiaci, aa. 5j« 
Misce et divide in chartulas xij. — Signa. — One three times a-day. 

This prescription has been successfully employed in 
obstinate intermittents. 

Pills of Extract of Bark, fyc* 

R. Extracti Cinchona?, 

Gentianse, aa. 3j. 

Sulphatis Ferri, 3ss. 

Pulveris Myrrha?, 3 j, 

Olei Carui, gtt. x. 

Syrnpi Zingiberis, q. s., ut fiant pilulae lx. 
Signa. — Three to be taken three times a-day. 

Pills of Sulphate of Quinia, 8rc. 

R. Sulphatis Quiniae, gr* x. 

Conservaa Rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulae x. 
Signa. — One to be given every hour in the apyrexia of intermittent 
fever. 

There is also another principle obtained from the 
cinchona lancifolia, or pale bark, which possesses very 
nearly the same powers as the first. This is called 
Cinchonia. These preparations produce all the effects 
of the Peruvian bark, and have now almost "entirely 
superseded it. The sulphate of quinia affects the 
chest of the consumptive patient with tightness in an 
equal degree with the bark ; and we have several times 
observed it to produce a soreness of the mouth exactly 
resembling that resulting from mercury. The obser- 
vations of some of our friends have confirmed this fact. 

A substance has lately been discovered in the bark 
of the willow, (Salix helix,) which is proved not to be 
alkaline, but which answers all the purposes of quinia 
in the cure of intermittent fevers. It is called salicine, 



174 TONICS. 

and has been used both in France and Italy. — Vide 
Journal of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Vol. 
II No. 3. 

Pills of Salicine. 

R. Salicinse, gr. xxiv. 
Mucilaginis, q. s. 

Ut fiant pilulae viij. — A pill to be taken three or four times a-day. 
Salicine is obtained from willow bark (salix helix.) It has been 
chiefly used in intermittent fever, and produces effects very similar 
to those of Quinia. 

Pills of Ammoniuret of Copper. 

R. Cupri ammoniati, 9j. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xxx. 
Signa. — One or two to be taken at bed-time. In Epilepsy. 

Pills of Sulphate of Quinia and Carbonate of Ammonia. 

R. Sulphatis Quiniae, gr. xij. 

Carbonatis Ammonia?, gr. xxiv. 
Misce. — Fiant pilulae vj. — Signa. — One every hour, beginning six 
hours before the expected paroxysm. 

These pills are large, but we have succeeded with 
them when quinia alone and in smaller doses had 
proved unavailing. They may also be combined ad- 
vantageously with the oil of black pepper, or other 
essential oils, in cases of irritable stomach. 



Febrifuge Boluses. 

R. Pulveris Cinchonae, gj. 

Muriatis Ammoniae, 

Carbonatis Ammoniae, aa. gr. xij. 

Tartratis Antimonii, gr. xviij. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s., ut fiat massa et divide in bolos xlviij. 
Signa. — One to be taken four times a-day, during the apyrexia of 
fever. Hotel Dieu. 



TONICS. 175 

Pills of Piperina 

R. Piperinse purae, gr. xij. 

Extracti Gentianae, q. s., ut fiant pilulag xij. 
Signa. — One every hour during the apyrexia of fever. 

This is one of the new remedies lately introduced 
into practice. It is prepared from the black pep- 
per, and is said to possess considerable febrifuge 
powers. It sometimes vomits, purges, or produces 
diaphoresis ; and therefore requires caution in its ad- 
ministration. It may be given in mixture, if preferred. 

Pills of Arsenic, fyc. 

R. Acidi arseniosi, gr. ij. 
Pulveris Opii, gr. iij. 
Saponis venetae, gr. viij. 

Pulveris Glycyrrhizae, q. s., ut fiat massa in pilulas xx dividenda. 
Signa. — One four times a-day, increased gradually according to cir- 
cumstances. In intermittent fever and local diseases of an intermit- 
tent character. Dr. Meigs. 

Pills with the Sulphate of Copper. 

R. Sulphatis Cupri, gr. iv. 

Extracti Cinchonae, gr. xxxij. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s., ut fiat massa, in pilulas xvj dividenda. 
One to be taken four times a-day. In obstinate intermittents. 

Pills of the Oxide of Bismuth. 

R. Sub-nitratis vel oxidi Bismuthi, 3j. 

Mucilaginis gummi Acaciae, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xxx. 
Signa. — One to be taken every two hours. In dyspepsia. 

Pills of Muriate of Ammonia, Arsenic, fyc. 

R. Muriatis Ammonia?, Jss. 

Pulveris Opii, gr. viij. 

Acidi arseniosi, gr. vj. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xxxij. 
Of which one may be given three times a-day. In intermittent fever. 



176 TONICS 

These pills are strongly recommended by some 
practitioners. Great care is requisite in preparing 
them. 

Pills of Ammoniated Iron, fyc. 

R. Amraoniati Ferri, 9j. 
Pulveris Rhei, gr. viij. 
Conservae rosarum, q. s., ut fiat massa in pilulas v dividenda. 

This remedy is recommended in Rachitis, and is 
to be continued with one pill a-day for a fortnight, 
and then intermitted for the same length of time and 
again resumed. The intention of this direction ap- 
pears to be to prevent the system from becoming ha- 
bituated to the medicine. 

Pills of Oxide of Zinc. 

R. Oxidi Zinci, j}ij. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilules x. 
Signa. — One three or four times a-day. In epilepsy, chorea, &c. 

Dr. Chapman speaks favourably of this medicine, 
and recommends to begin with the above dose, and 
gradually to increase it. 

Pills of Steel Filings. 

R. Limaturae Ferri, gr. xvj. 

Extracti Gentianae, q. s., ut fiat massa. — Divide in pilulas vj. 
Signa. — One three times a-day, followed by a draught of some bitter 
infusion. 

Pills of the Extract of Quassia. 

R. Extracti Quassias mollis, Jj. 

Pulvaris Gentianae, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xx. 
Of which one may be taken three or four times a-day, succeeded by a 
wine-glassful of the infusion of quassia. 

This is one of the purest bitters, and where we wish 
the effect of this class only, we cannot select a more 
appropriate preparation. 



TONICS. 177 

Pills of Nitrate of Silver, fyc. 
R. Nitratis Argenti, gr. iij. 
Pulveris Opii, 3ss. 

Camphorae, 

Nucis moschatae, aa. 9j. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, q. s., ut fiat massa. — -Divide in pilulas xlv. 
Dose. — One morning and evening. In chorea and epilepsy. 

Pills of the Sulphate of Iron. 
R. Snlphatis Ferri, 5j. 

Extracti Gentians, q. s., ut fiat massa. — Divide in pilulas, xxx. 
One to be taken morning, noon and night. In dyspepsia. 

Pills of Nitrate of Silver. 
R. Nitratis Argenti, gr. iij. 
Micae panis, gss. 

Aquae fontanae, q. s., ut fiant pilulas xij. 
Signa. — One to be taken night and morning, gradually increasing them 
as the case may demand. The nitrate of silver should first be dis- 
solved in a little water, and the crumbs of bread afterwards added; 
and a glass mortar should always be employed to compound 
them in. 

Electuary of Cinchona, Rust of Iron, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Cinchonae optimae, 

Carbonatis Ferri, aa. §j. 

Balsami Copaivas, q. s., ut fiat electuarium. 
To be made (by the patient) into pills of the ordinary size. Of which 
four may be taken three times a-day. 

Pills of the Nitro- Muriate of Gold. 
R. Nitro-muriatis Auri, gr. v. 
Pulveris Glycyrrhizae, giss. 

Mucilaginis Acaciae, q. s., ut fiat massa, in pilulas Ixxv. divi- 
dends. 
Signa. — One or two thrice a-day. In syphilis, <fcc. 

This metal is placed under the head of tonics by 
Dr. Chapman, and we have followed his example. 
Although once much extolled, it is now seldom used. 
23 



178 TONICS. 

Pills of Jlmmoniuret of Copper and Extract of Quassia. 

R. Cupri Ammoniati, £ss. 

Extracti Quassias mollis, 3iss. 
Misce, et divide in pilulas xxx. — Of which one may be taken three 
times a-day. In nervous diseases. 

MIXTURES, &c. 

Griffith' 's Myrrh Mixture, 

R. Gummi Myrrhas, 3j. 

Sulphatis Ferri, 9j. 

Carbonatis Potassee, 3J. 

Sacchari Purificati, 3ij. 

Aquas destillatas, ^vj. 
Fiat mistura. — Dose. — A table-spoonful according to circumstances. 
Employed as a tonic in phthisis. 

Mixture of Sulphuric Acid, fyc. 

R. Sulphatis Ferri, gr. ij. 

Acidi sulphurici, gtt. x. 

Sacchari albi, 3j. 

Aquas destillatas, gj. 
Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful for a dose, to be repeated every two, 
three, or four hours. Designed for children. 

Vinous Infusion of Carbonate of Iron, fyc. 

R. Carbonatis Ferri Prascipitatis, 3iss. 

Pulveris radicis Gentianas, 

Corticis Aurantii contusae, aa. Iss. 

Vini Lusitanici rubri, Oij . 
Macerate for two or three days, and give a wine-glassful two or three 
times a-day. In dyspepsia arising from intemperance. 

Mixture with Tincture of Bark and Citrate of Potash. 

R. Succi Limonis recentis, ^jss. 
Carbonatis Potassae, 3j. 
Tincturae Cinchonas, ^j. 
Aquas Cinnamomi, ^iij. 



TONICS. 179 

Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every two hours. In cases in which 
it is desirable to promote insensible perspiration whilst taking the 
bark. 

Infusion of Sage and Boneset. 
R. Salivas officinalis, 

Eupatorii perfoliati, aa. gss, 
Corticis Cascarillae, 3J. 
Misce. — Infuse in three half-pints of water until cold. Dose. — A 
wine-glassful every three or four hours. In Hectic Fever 

Decoction of Cinchona. 

R. Corticis Cinchonae contusae, 3j. 

Aquae frigidae, Oj. 
Boil for ten minutes — and while hot add — 

Surpentariae radicis, 3ss. 

Corticis Aurantii contusae, 3ij. 
And suffer them to infuse for half an hour near the fire in a covered 
vessel. — Dose. — A wine-glassful every hour. 

If the bark be boiled longer than ten minutes, it 
deposites extractive and resinous matter, becomes 
paler, and is less efficient The last ingredients are 
directed to be infused because their aromatic proper- 
ties would be dissipated by decoction. 

Decoction of Bark, fyc. 

R. Decocti Cinchonae, 3vj. 

Tincturae Cinchonae Huxhami, 3j. 
Acidi sulphurici aromatici, gtt. xl. 
Misce. — A table-spoonful may be taken every one or two hours pro re 
nata. 

By this preparation we obtain the extract, both 
aqueous and alcoholic, of the bark. 

Sulphate of Quinia in Sirup. 

R. Sulphatis Quiniae, gr. xv. 
Acidi sulphurici, gtt. vj. 
Surupi Zingibe vel Limonis, 3'ij. 



180 TONICS. 

Misce. — Signa. — A large tea-spoonful may be given every hour during 
the apyrexia. 

The French physicians employ a wine and tincture 
of quinia, which, however, are not superior to the com- 
pound used in this country. Both in Europe and 
America, and especially in Italy, the dose is carried to 
a much greater amount than we have directed. Eight, 
ten, fifteen, twenty, and thirty grains have been given 
by the Italians without danger and with success. Such 
doses many persons cannot bear, and generally the 
cure can be accomplished with sixteen grains in twenty- 
four hours. 

Mixture of Sulphate of Quinia. 

R. Sulphatis Quiniae, gr. xvi. 

Acidi sulphurici, gtt. v. 

Saechari albi, 3j. 
Aquae Cinnamomi, ^ijss. 

Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful for a dose, every hour during the 
apyrexia of intermittents. 

By the addition of sulphuric acid, a super-sulphate 
of quinia is formed, which is soluble in the aqueous 
menstruum. 

Tincture of Quinia. 

R. Quinins3,Bj. 
Alcohol, Sss. 
Fiat tinctura. — Dose. — Ten to twenty drops every hour. 

Ferrocyanate of Quinia. 

R. Ferrocyanitis quiniae, gr. iv. 

Spiritus rectificati, 5j. 
Solve et adde — 

Aquae camphorse, Jvij. 
Misce. — This preparation is said to be more active than the sulphate, 
whence it should be given in less doses: a tea-spoonful of the solu- 
tion (which will contain half a grain of the salt) may be taken every 



TONICS. 181 

hour or two hours, according to circumstances.* Pills of the Fer- 
rocyanate of Quinia are prepared with simple mucilage, and admi- 
nistered like the sulphate. 

The acetate, citrate, muriate and nitrate of Quinia, 
have also been employed in Europe, and occasionally 
in this country. They possess no advantages over the 
ordinary preparations, and are given in much the same 
quantity. 

Sirup of Cinchonine, 

R. Sulphatis Cinchoninae, gr. xxiv. 

Syrupi siraplicis, Oss. 
Fiat mistura. — A table-spoonful will contain nearly a grain and a-half 
of the salt, which is a full dose; to be repeated pro re nata. 

Cinchonine is also and more readily administered in 
pills of a grain or two grains each. In intermittent 
fevers. 

Mixture of Red Bark in Port Wine, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Cinchona? oblongifoliae, ^ss. 

Theriaca? Andromachi, 5j. 

Succi limonis, rij. 

Vini Lusitaniae, 3iv. 
Misce. — Signa. — A wine-glassful every second hour during the apy- 
rexia. 

We find this prescription strongly recommended in 
the N. A. Medical and Surgical Journal, by Dr. Meigs, 
in intermittent fever. 

Mixture with Decoction and Tincture of Bark, $-c. 

R. Decocti Cinchona?, giij. 

Tinctura? Huxhami, ^j. 

Pulveris Cinchona?, 3ij. 

Syrupi simplicis, gss. 
Fiat mistura. — A table-spoonful to be taken every one or two hours 
during the absence of fever. 

* Vide Dunglison, New Remedies, p. 408. 



182 TONICS. 

Mixture with Extract of Bark, fyc. 

R. Extracti Cinchonae, 3j. 

Decocti Cinchonae, ^ vj. 

Tincturae Cardamomi, ^iv. 
Misce. — A table-spoonful for a dose, as above directed. 

Tincture of Cinchona, Valerian, fyc. 
R. Tincturae Cinchonae, 

Valerianae, aa. §j. 

Cardamomi, gij. 

Aquae menthae, 5iv. 
Fiat mistura. — Of this mixture a table-spoonful may be given every 
third hour. This preparation is especially designed as a tonic in 
nervous temperaments. 

Mixture of Fowler's Solution, <$c. 

R. Liquoris potassae arsenitis, gtt. lx. 
Tincturae Opii, gtt. xxx. 
Spiritus Lavendulae compositi, gj. 
Aquae Cinnamomi, ^iij. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful for an adult, a tea-spoonful 
for a child; to be administered every two hours, during the apyrexia 
of intermittents. 

Arsenical Mixture. 

R. Liquoris arsenicalis, gtt. x. 

Aquae destillatae, ^j. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. x. 

Spiritus lavendulae compositi, Jss. 
To be taken at a dose. 

This mixture is recommended by Dr. Graves, when 
the simple arsenical solution irritates the stomach. 

Acidulated Tincture of Gentian. 

R. Tincturae Gentianae compositae, ^j. 
Acidi sulphurici aromatici, 3j. 



TONICS. 183 

Misce. — A small tea-spoonful may be taken in sugar and water, three 
or four times a-day. In dyspepsia. 

Tincture of Bark. 

R. Tincturae Cinchonae composite, gj. 

Signa. — A tea-spoonful for a dose, every two hours. 

In the same doses as the above may be taken. 

Tinctura Colombse — et 
Tinctura Gentianae composita. 

Muriated Tincture of Iron. 

R. Tincturae Ferri muriatis, 2j. 

From twenty to sixty or eighty drops may be taken in a glass of cold 
chamomile tea, twice or thrice a-day. 

Infusion of Colomba and Ginger. 

R. Radicis Colombas contusse, §j. 

Zingiberis, 3ij. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Give of the strained liquor, (cold,) a wine-glassful every 
two hours. 

This infusion, when freely used, has proved success- 
ful in chronic diarrhoea. 

Infusion of Colomba, Rhubarb, fyc. 

R. Seminum Carui contusorum, 

Radicis Colombae, 

Rhei, aa. 9J. 

Aquas ferventis, ^viij. 
Digest for two hours, and strain. 

R. Liquoris colati, ^iijss. 

Tincturae Rhei, 3j. 

Syrupi Zingiberis, 3ij. 
Misce. — Dose. — A tea-spoonful to a table-spoonful for children, ac- 
cording to their age. In Diarrhoea. 



184 TONICS. 

Mixture of Sulphate of Iron and Elixir of Vitriol, 

R. Ferri sulphatis, gr. iv. 

Acidi sulphurici aromatici, gtt. xl. 

Aquae destillatae, ^j. 
Fiat mistura, et signa. — A tea-spoonful to be taken three times a-day 
in half a wine-glass of water. 

Vinegar Draught. 
R. Acidi acetici, gj. 

Tincturae cardamomi composite, gss. 
Syrupi simplicis, 3ss. 
Aquae, 3x. 
Misce. — To be taken every twenty minutes as a draught. Advised 
by Dr. Howard, of London, in sick headach. 

Acorn Coffee. 

R. Pulveris Glandis torrefactae, 3j. 

Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. — Three or four tea-cupsful may be taken during the day, 
and augmented according to circumstances. 

The above is a very favourite remedy with the Ger- 
mans. " It is one of the most successful in mesenteric 
atrophy, commencing rachitis, glandular swellings, 
asthma, and cough. Continued for a long time, it is 
one of the most powerful means we possess, for de- 
stroying the scrofulous disposition." — Ruf eland's Trea- 
tise, p. 215. 

Infusion of Quassia. 
R. Ligni Quassiae, 

Radicis Serpentariae, 
Corticis Aurantii contusae, aa. 5ss. 
Aquae bullientis, Oij. 
Fiat infusio et cola. — Of which a tea-cupful may be taken cold, three 
times a-day. 

Decoction of Bark and Valerian. 

R. Corticis Cinchonae contusae, 5j. 

Boil in a pint of water for ten minutes, and strain. 



TONICS. 185 

R. Radicis Valerianae contusae, gj. 

Aqua3 bullientis, Oj. 
Infuse for one hour and strain. — Add the decoction of bark to this in- 
fusion, and give a tea-cupful cold, three or four times a-day. 

This was a favourite prescription with Dr. Parrish, in 
certain cases of headach, which appear to depend upon 
rheumatism, and which are entirely unmanageable 
with the lancet, purgatives, &c. &c. 

Infusion of Chamomile and Orange Peel. 

R. Florum Anthemidis nobilis, §j. 

Corticis Aurantii, 5ss. 

Aquae frigidae, tfeiij. 
Macerate for twenty-four hours. — Dose. — A tea-cupful three or four 
times a-day. 

The infusion of chamomile made with cold, is in 
general more grateful to the patient than when made 
with boiling water; the same remark applies to infu- 
sions generally, and they are also less liable to fer- 
ment when made with cold water. 

Decoction of Angustura Bark. 

R. Corticis Cuspariae febrifugae contusae, 5j. 

Aquae fontanae, Ojss. 
Boil for fifteen or twenty minutes, and strain. — Of this decoction a 
wine-glassful may be taken every two hours. 

Decoction of Wild-Cherry Tree Bark. 

R, Corticis Pruni Virginiani contusi, 5j. 

Aurantii contusae, 5ij. 

Aquae fontanae, Oj. 
Boil the bark alone for half an hour, and then add the orange-peel. — 
A wine-glassful may be taken every hour or two in consumptive 
cases, asthma, &c. 

Infusion of Serpentaria. 
E. Serpentariae Virginianae, 5ss. 
Aquae bullientis, Oj. 
24 



186 TONICS, 

Infuse in a covered vessel for one hour.— =A wine-glassful every hour 
or two hours, pro re nata. 

Compound Tincture of Aloes, Gentian, fye. 

R. Aloes soeotorinae, 3j. 
Pulveris Zedoariae, 

Gentianse, 

Croci, 

— Rhei, 

Agarici, 

Syrupi, aa. 5j. 

To be mixed into a quart of brandy. This is the celebrated Baume 
de Vie, or Elixir of Life. It is a powerful tonic, and one of the 
most effectual febrifuge medicines. In intermittents, especially, it 
is justly celebrated. Dose. — A table-spoonful three times a-day. 

Infusion of Sage and Boneset. 
R. Salvia? officinalis, 

Eupatoriae perfoliate, aa. ^ss. 
Corticis cascarillae, ^j. 
Mix, and infuse in three half pints of boiling water until cold. Dose. — 
A wine-glassful every two or three hours. In the colliquative per= 
spiration of hectic fever. 

Decoction of Dog-Wood Bark. 

R. Corticis Corni Floridae contusae, gj. 

Aquae fontanae, Oj . 
Boil for twenty or thirty minutes, and strain. — A wine-glassful may 
be given every hour, as a substitute for Peruvian Bark in intermit- 
tents. 

Infusion of Hops. 

R. Humuli lupuli,3j. 

Aquae ferventis, Oj. 
Infuse for two hours, and strain by expression. Of this a wine-glassful 
may be taken three or four times a-day. In dyspepsia. 

Infusion of Boneset. 
R. Eupatorii perfoliati, gj. 
Aquae bullientis, Oj. 



TONICS. 187 

Infuse for two hours, and strain. — Of this a wine-glassful may be 
taken every one or two hours, cold. In intermittent fever. 

Enema of Extract of Bark, fyc. 

R. Extracti Cinchona?, Jss. 

Aquae tepidae, ^iv. 
Solve; dein adde — 

Olei oli varum, -fss. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. x. 
Fiat enema. — Signa. — To be thrown up every fourth hour. In inter- 
mittents. 

Where it is preferred, the powdered bark may be 
used — say 31J. mixed with some of the decoction in- 
stead of common water. The bark thus administered 
may occasionally be made to arrest an intermittent 
when the patient cannot swallow it. Bark is also 
employed externally in the form of a waistcoat, worn 
next the skin. A poultice made by mixing the powder 
and decoction into a paste, is occasionally applied to 
the region of the stomach; and lastly, the decoction 
may be used as a semicupium. 

Enema of Quinine. 

Quinine is employed in enemata, and in this form has an immediate 
and powerful effect on intermittent fevers. From eight to twelve 
grains of the sulphate of quinine, dissolved in a tea-cupful of flax- 
seed or other mucilage, may be administered at a time, and repeated 
in twelve hours. 

Infusion of Cinchona with Lime Water. 

R. Cinchonae corticis cordifoliae, 3ij. 

Liquoris calcis, Oij. 
Misce, et fiat infusio. 

This infusion was formerly much employed and 
esteemed as an excellent compound, A wine-glassful 
may be taken three or four times per diem, or once 
every hour, in intermittent and other forms of fever, 



188 TONICS. 

GENT1ANIN. 

This substance is obtained by an elaborate chemical 
process from the root of the gentiana lutea. It is in- 
tensely bitter, but possesses no advantages over the 
common preparations of Gentian. Majendie gives two 
formulae for its administration : 

R. Gentianinas, gr. v. 
Alcoholis, 3j. 

Fiat tinctura.— Dose. — Two tea-spoonsful, which will contain a little 
more than a grain of the medicine. Commended in scrofulous affec- 
tions. 

Sirup of Gentianin. 

R. Gentianinas, gr. xvj. 

Syrupi, Oj. 
Misce. — Dose. — A wine-glassful, which will contain a grain. 

Compound Infusion of Gentian. 

R. Radicis Gentians concisae, ass. 

Corticis Aurantii contusae, 3ij. 

Seminis Cardamomi, 5ss. 

Aquae ferventis, Oj. 
Fiat infusio. 

Gentian is an excellent bitter, and the above will prove 
useful in wine-glassful doses, in debility of the diges- 
tive organs, &c. 

ALTERATIVES. 

Alteratives have been defined — those medicines 
which are given with a view to re-establish the healthy 
functions of the animal economy, without producing 
any active evacuation. This class of remedies, there- 
fore, embraces numerous preparations which produce 
a slow but decided effect on the various secreting or- 
gans, sometimes without any sensible increase of the 



TONICS. 189 

secretions themselves, but in other instances obviously 
augmenting or magnifying them. Such is the action 
of minute doses of mercury, iodine and other sub- 
stances upon the glandular apparatus. These medi- 
cines are generally classed with stimulants and tonics, 
and some of them with narcotics, and others have been 
placed with those preparations to which they seem 
most allied when given in an over-dose, — Sialagogues, 
for example. Without attempting to investigate this 
question farther than regards practical convenience, 
we proceed in this place to indicate the more active 
and important Alteratives; merely premising the fa- 
miliar truth, that medicines of almost every class of 
the materia medica become alteratives by being ad- 
ministered in very small doses at intervals of a few 
hours. 

JEthereal Tincture of Iodine. 
R. Iodini, gr. vj. 

iEtheris Sulphurici, 3j. 
Misce. — Thirty drops contain one grain of iodine. — Dose. — Ten drops 
twice or three times a-day. In cutaneous and glandular diseases. 

Compound Tincture of Iodine, 
B. Iodinae, gj. 

Potassae iodidae, §ij. 

Spiritus rectificati, Oij. 
Fiat tinctura. — Dose. — Five to fifteen drops, pro re nata. 

Mixture of the Hydriodate of Potash, <£c. 

R. Iodidi Potassae, gr. ij. 

Sulphatis Magnesiae, ^ss. 

Tartratis Antimonii et Potassae, gr. ss. 

Aquae destillatas, §vj. 
Misce. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful three or four times a-day. In 
scrofula. 

Iodine with Hydriodate of Potash, 
&• Iodinae, gr. iij. 

Potassae iodidi, gr. vj. 
Aquae destillatae, ?j. 



190 TONICS. 

Solve et signa.— Dose. — Six to ten drops thrice a-day in a wine-glass 
of cold water. 

If it produce dizziness, pain in the bowels, or other 
unpleasant symptoms, diminish the quantity. 

Dr. Morton ( " Illustrations of Pulmonary Con- 
sumption,") strongly recommends this mixture in 
catarrh, phthisis, &c. It has a powerful effect in 
glandular disease, and in all affections of the mucous 
membranes. 

Mixture of Tincture of Iodine, fyc. 

R. Tincturae Iodini, f. 3j. 
Mucilaginis Acaciae, f. gij. 
Aquae destillatae, f. ^vj. 
Fiat mistura et signa. — A table-spoonful every two hours. Employed 
in cases of ulceration accompanied by purulent discharge from the 
meatus auditorius, and where there exists a scrofulous diathesis. 

See Astringents, 

Solution of Hydriodate of Iron, 

R. Iodidi ferri, Z). 

Aquae destillatae. 3j. 
Fiat solutio. — Dose. — Six to ten drops morning, noon and night, in a 
wine-glass of cold water. 

Solution of Iodide of Potassium. 

R. Potassii iodidi, gr. xxxvj. 

Aquae destillatae, §j. 
Fiat solutio. — Dose. — Five to twenty drops, morning, noon and night, 
in a wine-glass of sweetened water. Majendie. 

Solution of the Ioduretted Hydriodate of Potassa. 

R. Iodinae, 9j. 

Potassii iodidi, Bij. 
Aquae destillatae, ^vij. 
Fiat solutio. — Dose. — Six drops, morning and evening, in a wine= 
glass of water, In scrofulous and scirrhus diseases. 

Dunglison, New Remedies, p. 396, 



TONICS, 191 

Tyrrell's Mixture of Ioduretted Hydriodate of Potassa, 

R, Iodine, gr. ss. 

Potassae iodidi, 3ss. 

Syrupi papaveris, gss. 

Aquae destillatae, ffess. 
Fiat mistura. — Given in dose of a wine-glassful three times a-day. In 

syphilis combined with scrofula. 

Vide Dunglison, ut supra, 

Mixture of Iodo-Hydrar gyrate of Potassium. 

R. Hydrargyri deuto-iodidi, gr. iv. 

Potassii iodidi, 9j. 

Aquae destillatae, 3j. 
Misce. — Dose. — Five drops three times a-day, much diluted. 

Tincture of Iodo-Hydrar gyrate of Potassium, 

R. Potassae iodo-hydrargyratis, gr. j. 

Spiritus vini tenuioris, 3j. 
Fiat tinctura. — Dose. — Ten drops three times a-day, much diluted, 

Ioduretted Sulphuric Ether. 

R. Etheris sulphurici, 3J. 

Iodidi puri, gr. vj. 
Solve. — Thirty drops of this solution contain a grain of Iodine, Six 
drops constitute a full dose. 

Majendie's Anti-Epileptic Solution of Iodine, 

R. Iodureti potassii, 3iv. 

Iodidi, gr. ij. 

Aquae menthae destillatae, 3vj. 
Fiat solutio. — Dose. — A spoonful thrice per diem a 

Iodine Waters. 

The physicians of Europe, and especially of Paris, have made ex- 
tensive and salutary use of Iodine waters, both internally and exter- 
nally. In these the Iodine is very much diluted, and generally with 
the addition of more or less common salt, These waters are prepared 



192 TONICS. 

on a large scale and with great precision by the Pharmaceutists of 
Paris, but they have been but partially introduced into this country. 
M. Majendie, however, gives formulae for some extemporaneous Iodine 
waters, which may answer all the purposes of the more elaborate 
preparations. The following is an example: — 

Ioduretted Water. 

R. Iodureti Potassii, gr. vj. 

Iodini, gr. j. 

Aquse puree, Oij. 
Fiat solutio. — This solution is directed to be drank at meals, in place 
of common water. 

That Iodine is one of the most powerful alteratives 
at present known, there can be no question. There 
are few diseases dependent upon or connected with 
morbid secretion of the glandular structures, but what 
are more or less modified by its use, while in others it 
acts as a direct curative agent. It is chiefly, however, 
in scrofulous, glandular and cutaneous affections that 
it acts most beneficially, dispersing indurations of the 
glands, and restoring the secretions of the cutaneous 
and mucous apparatus : whence its advantages in erup- 
tive diseases, bronchitis, leucorrhcea, amenorrhoea, &c. 
&c. It has been found to restore suppressed hemorr- 
hoidal and catamenial discharges, and when pushed 
too far, has even produced alarming hemorrhage of the 
lungs, nose and uterus. These facts should make the 
practitioner extremely cautious in its administration, 
beginning with small doses, and watching their effects. 
Should it produce any of the inconveniences already 
mentioned, or dizziness, nausea, purging, burning of 
the skin or swelling of the gums, it should be at once 
suspended or given less frequently and in smaller 
doses. 

It is well known that Iodine was first discovered in 
sea-weed and sponges; and the latter having long 
had the reputation of being a cure for Goitre, it was 
found that Iodine was the active remedial agent. We 



TONICS. 193 

give below two prescriptions for the use of sponge as 
formerly in vogue, but now nearly superseded by the 
preparations of pure Iodine. 

Burnt Sponge. 

R. Spongiae ustae, 3j. 
Sacchari albi, j}j. 
Misce et divide in chartulas, vj. — One three times a-day, gradually 
augmenting the dose. In Bronchocele. 

Decoction of Sponge. 

R. Spongiae concisae et torrefactae, 3j. 

Aquae destillatae, Oj. 
Coque et infunde duodecem horas. — Of this, filtered and rendered 

palatable by the addition of a little mint water, a table-spoonful or 

more may be taken every three hours. 

STRYCHNINE. 

We have already (under the head of Narcotics) given 
several prescriptions for using this extremely poisonous 
substance ; but as it is chiefly given as an alterative, we 
here add some additional modes of administration. 
Strychnine is now much in vogue in the whole class]of 
nervous diseases, paralysis, whether general or local, 
neuralgia, chorea, hysteria, &c. It is also employed in 
syphilis, amenorrhoea, dyspepsia, bronchitis, and in fact, 
in all cases where an alterative course is indicated. 



Solution of Jlcetate of Strychnine. 

R. Strychniae acetatis, gr. iij. 
Alcohol, ^j- 
Aquae cinnamomi, gvij. 
Misce. — Dose. — Five drops twice a-day, gradually increasing the 
quantity. Dunglison, New Remedies, p. 450. 

25 



194 TONICS. 

Tincture of Acetate of Strychnine, 

R. Strychnise acetatis, gr. iss. 

Alcohol, §ss. 
Fiat tinctura. — Dose. — Five to twenty drops thrice per diem. In 
syphilitic pains of the bones. Dunglison, ut supra, 

A Sulphate of Strichnine is also in use. It is prepared like the 
Acetate, of course substituting sulphuric acid. It has no advantages 
over the preparations already given, and is little used. 

See Majendie, Formulaire, 9vme. Ed. p. 30. 

Brucine. 

The alkaline principle called Brucia or Brucine, is 
contained in the Augustura bark, Nux vomica and St. 
Ignatius's bean. That obtained from the bark is pre- 
ferable for medicinal purposes. It possesses the pro- 
perties of Strychnia, but in less degree. It may be ad- 
ministered in doses of one to three grains without dan- 
ger; but the minimum dose should be first given, and 
the quantity gradually augmented. 

Pills of Brucia. 

R. Brucise purae, gr. xij. 

Conserves rosarum, q. s., ut fiat massa. 
Divide in pilulas xxiv, 

Signa. — One pill may be taken four times a-day, and gradually in- 
creased^ 

Tincture of Brucia. 

R. Alcoholis, gj. 

Bruciae purae, gr. xviij. 
Fiat tinctura. — From six to twenty-four drops may be taken in a 
draught. 

Mixture of Brucia. 
R. Bruciae, gr. vj. 

Aquae destillatae, 5iv. 
Sacchari albi, 3ij. 



TONICS, 195 

Fiat mistur3. Dose. — A table-spoonful night and morning. These 
preparations are chiefly used in paralysis, and the entire series of 
spasmodic affections. 

Bromine* 

This substance, which is allied to chlorine and io- 
dine, is obtained from salt springs and other mineral 
waters. In medicine it is chiefly used in combina- 
tion with potassa. 

Solution of Bromide of Potassium. 

R. Potassii bromidi, gr. xviij. 
Aquae lactucas destillatae, ^iij. 
Syrupi althaeee, ^j. 
Fiat mistura. — Majendie directs the preceding quantity to be given 
during the twenty-four hours, in doses of a table-spoonful. It is 
recommended in scrofula, glandular diseases, amenorrhcea, &e. 

Pills of Bromide of Iron. 

R. Bromidii Furri pulverisate, gr. xij. 
Conservae rosarum, gr. xviij. 
Gummi Arabici, gr. xij. 
Misce, and fiant pilulae xx secundum artem. Two pills to be taken 
in the morning, and two in the evening, or, one three times a-day. 
In Hypertrophy of the Heart, and scrofulous affections. 

Majendie, 

Mercury. 

The mercureal preparations constitute the most de- 
cided and efficient medicines of this class. In addi- 
tion to several formula? inserted under the head of 
Sialagogues, the following will be appropriately no- 
ticed in this place. 

Calomel Pills. 

R. Calomelanos, gr. ij. 

Conservae rosarum, q. s., ut fiant pilulae xij. 
Of which one may be taken every one or two hours. In cases of 
marasmus, &c. &c. 



196 TONICS. 

The use of calomel in minute doses has become 
very general, and certainly, if we may be allowed to 
give our experience, very deservedly so. In the he- 
patic and intestinal complaints of children, it is pro- 
ductive of the happiest results when carefully ma- 
naged. 

In infants, for example, the sixteenth or eighth of a 
grain, repeated every hour or two hours, according to 
age and circumstances, will often check diarrhoea, 
and even dysentery, which have resisted every treat- 
ment. If the discharges are attended by pain and te- 
nesmus, small doses of powdered opium or laudanum 
may be added; but, as a general rule in these cases, 
the anodyne had better be given by injection. 

The preparation called blue pill (massa ex hydrar- 
gyro) is indicated in similar conditions, and is espe- 
cially beneficial wherever an alterative is called for. 
In these cases a grain given at bed time, or even a 
grain in divided portions through the day, will often 
produce the desired effect. Hence their extensive use 
in chronic and obscure derangements of the digestive 
organs, especially of the stomach and liver; — in the 
whole class of syphilitic affections, glandular enlarge- 
ments, &c. 

In like manner all the mercurial preparations men- 
tioned under the head of Sialagogues, become altera- 
tives by cautious administration in doses more or less 
minute, and especially when they are given in con- 
junction with the preparations of sarsaparilla. 

Pills of Quinia, Opium, $c. 

R. Calomelanos, gr. vj. 

Pulveris Opii, gr. iij. 

Sulphatis Quiniae, gr. xij. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s., ut fiat massa et in pilulse xij dividenda. 
Signa — One night and morning* Dr. Meigs, 



TONICS. 197 

Pills of Blue Mass, Quinia, fyc. 
R. Massae ex Hydrargyro, 

Sulphatis Quiniae, 

Pulveris Aloes, aa. gr. xij. 

Syrupi Rhaei aromatici, q. s. ut fiant pilulae xij. 
Signa. — One three or four times a-day. 

Either of the above prescriptions will be found use- 
ful in that condition of the system which supervenes 
an attack of bilious intermittent or remittent fever. 
They may be denominated tonic alteratives. 

Arsenic. 

Arsenic is a powerful alterative, and one which 
should be administered with the utmost circumspec- 
tion. In addition to the formulse already given, the 
following will be found useful. 

Pills of Arsenic and Black Pepper. 
R. Protoxidi arsenici. gr. iv. 
Piperis nigri, 3ix. 
Pound these substances in a mortar for a few days at intervals, after 
which water enough is to be gradually added to form a pill mass, which 
should be divided into one hundred pills: the French physicians direct 
double that number, and restrict the patient to one or two pills daily* 
This preparation of arsenic is regarded in India as an infallible cure 
for Tuberculous Lepra. 

Pills of the Arseniate of Iron. 
R. Proto-arseniatis Ferri, gr. iij. 
Extracti humuli lupuli, 3ij« 
Pulveris althaeae, gss. 
Syrupi, q. s. ut fiat massa. 
To be divided into forty-eight pills, of which one is given daily. 
Recommended by Dr. Biett in scrofulous, cancerous, and herpetic 
diseases. 

Hydriodate of Arsenic and Mercury. 
R. Liquoris hydriodatis arsenici et hydrargyri, oi]. 
Aquae destillatae, 5iiiss. 
Syrupi zinzibcris, 3ss. 



198 TONICS. 

Misce. — To be taken in four draughts, night and morning. Chiefly 
given in scrofula and cutaneous eruptions. — Donovan, in Dungli- 
son, New Remedies, p. 288. 

MINERAL ACIDS. 

Nitro-Muriatic Acid. 

R. Acidi nitrici, 3j. 

Muriatici, ^ss. 

Aquae destillatae, gvijss. 
Misce, et adde — 

Spiritus setheris nitrici, £>ijss. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful to be given every two hours, 
in a wine-glass of sweetened water. 

These acids, in the same proportions, are also em- 
ployed as a bath in hepatic derangements, and by- 
some are esteemed highly beneficial. To accomplish 
this end, put a tea-spoonful of the compound acid into 
a quart of warm water, and apply it to the region of the 
liver night and morning, by means of a soft sponge* 

Diluted Nitric Acid* 

R. Acidi nitrici, £j. 

Aquae destillatae, Oij. 

Sacchari albi, 5j« 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — This quantity to be taken daily by the patient 
In Lues Venerea. Ferriar, Med, Hist. 

Mixture of Nitric Acid. 

R. Acidi nitrici, £iss. 

Pulveris Acaciae, 

Sacchari albi, aa. 3iij. 

Aquae destillatae, §vj. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful pro re nata. 

Nitric acid may be prescribed as a tonic in the 
above form, or simply diluted with water, It is best 



TONICS, 199 

taken through a quill, as the teeth suffer when it comes 
in contact with them. We have seen it arrest the col- 
liquative sweats of hectic fever when other remedies 
had failed. 

Mixture of Nitrous Acid, Laudanum, $c. 

R. Acidi nitrici, gj. 

Misturae Camphors, Jviij. 

Tincturae Opii, guttas xl. 
Misce. — Signa. — One fourth part to be taken every three or four 
hours. 

This compound is highly recommended by Mr. 
Thomas Hope, Surgeon, Chatham, in dysentery and 
cholera. — N. A. Medical and Surgical Journal? Oct. 
1826. 



( 200 



CLASS XV. 



ASTRINGENTS. 

Doctor Cullen describes astringents to be "such 
substances as applied to the human body, produce 
contraction and condensation in the soft solids, and 
thereby increase their density and force of cohesion." 
"And by the operation of this corrugating power," 
adds Dr. Murray, " either directly exerted on a part, 
or extended by sympathetic action, the morbid affec- 
tions arising from a state of relaxation are supposed to 
be removed." 

In the use of this class of medicines there is one 
caution suggests itself; namely, that they should not 
be given to arrest evacuations that are critical, and 
designed by nature to relieve a plethoric state of the 
system ; unless, however, such evacuation exist to an 
alarming extent. 

PILLS, POWDERS, &c. 

Compound Powder of Slum. 
R. Aluminis, 9j. 

Pulveris Kino, gr. v. 
Misce. — Fiant pulveres, v. — Signa. — One every two hours. In ob- 
stinate diarrhoea. 

This compound, though much employed, and praised 
by some practitioners, contains substances incompati- 



ASTRINGENTS. 201 

ble with each other. It is, nevertheless, very useful in 
menorrhagia, &c. 

Powder of Sugar of Lead and Calomel. 

R. Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. ij vel iv. 
Acetatis Plumbi, gr. ss ad gr. j. 

Fiant pulveres iv. — One every three hours. In Cholera Infantum, 
The above dose is adapted to any period between ten and twenty 
months of age. Dr. T. D. Mitchell. 

Powder with Mum and Opium. 

R. Aluminis, 3ss. 

Pulveris Opii, gr. iij. 
Fiant pulveris vj. — Signa. — One to be taken every three or four hours. 
In diarrhoea. 

Powder of Blue Vitriol, fyc. 

R. Sulphatis Cupri, 

Boli Armeniae, aa. ^j. 
Camphorae, ^ij. 
Fiat pulvis. — Project 3j. of this powder into a pound of boiling water 
— filter the solution, and mix ^j. of it with gj. of clear water, and 
apply it to the purulent eyes of infants by means of a syringe, pro 
re nata. — See Cooper's Surgery. 

Pills of Acetate of Lead and Calomel. 

R. Acetatis plumbi, ^ss. 
C alomel, gr. v. 
Conservse rosarum, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulas x. One to be given every two, three, or four hours, 
according to circumstances. In Hemorrhage, and especially in He- 
matemesis. 

Sugar of Lead and Opium. 

R. Acetatis plumbi, 9j. 

Gum Opii, gr. j. 
Misce, et divide in pilulas xij. — A pill to be taken every hour at first, 
and then every two hours. This is Dr. Graves's prescription for 
the treatment of Cholera. 
26 



202 ASTRINGENTS. 

Pills of Acetate of Lead and Opium. 

R. Acetatis Plumbi, gr. xij. 
Pulveris Opii, gr. vj. 

Conserve rosarum, q. s., ut fiat massa, in pilulas vi dividenda. 
One to be taken for a dose, according to circumstances. In haemop- 
tysis and other hemorrhages. 



Bolus with Mum and Extract of Bark, 

R. Aluminis, 

Extracti Cinchonas, 

Nucis myristicae, aa. 9ss. 

Syrupi simplicis, q. s., ut fiat bolus. 
To be given in uterine and other hemorrhages, and repeated pro re 
nata. 

Pills of Alum, Catechu, fyc. 

R. Aluminis, gr. vj. 
Extracti Opii, gr. j. 
Catechu, gr. j. 
Misce. — To be divided into six pills, one of which is to be given 
every two, three or four hours. In passive hemorrhage, and in 
atonic mucous discharges. 

Pills of Rhatany. 

R. Extracti Rhataniae, 9j. 

Pulveris kino, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulae viij. — Signa. — A pill to be given every hour or two 
hours. In the Profluvia. 



Pills of Creosote. 

R. Creosoti, gtt. x. 

Pulveris glycyrrhizae, ^j. 

Mucilaginis, q. s. 
Ut fiant xx.— Dose— a pill thrice in the day. In Bronchitis, Neurah 
gia, &c. 



ASTRINGENTS, 203 

Creosote Mixture. 

R. Creosoti, gtt. xij. 

Mucilaginis Arabici, giv, 

Sacchari albi, 5j. 
Fiat mistura. — Dose — a table-spoonful every two or three hours. In 
Hemorrhages. 

Alcoholic Solution of Creosote. 
R. Creosoti, gtt. j. 

Alcoholis rectificati, gtt. xvj. 
Misce. — A drop or two of this solution dropped into the cavity of an 
aching tooth, is said to afford immediate relief. Marinus. 

Tannin Pills. 
R. Tanninae purae, gr. ij. 

Gummi vel Syrupi, q. s. 
Ut fiant pilulse viij. One may be given every two or three hours. In 
Gonorrhoea, &c- 

Chalk Mixture. 
R. Cretae praeparatae: 3iss. 
Sacchari albi, 
Gummi Arabici, aa. q. s. 
Aquae destillatae, 3iv. 
Olei cinnamomi, gtt. ij. 
Tincture Opii, gtt. xl vel lx. 
Misce. — Dose — a table-spoonful every two hours. In Diarrhoea and 
Dysentery. 

Another formula for chalk mixture will be given 
under the head of Absorbents and Antacids. 

When a strongly astringent chalk mixture is desira- 
ble, we may add to the above formula Tinct. Kino, 
3ij., or the same quantity of Tinctura Rhatanise, or 
Catechu, or Nut-galls. 

Camphor, Laudanum and Nitric dcid. 

R. Aquae eamphorae, ^iv. 
Acidi nitrici, gtt. iv. 
Tincturee Opii, gtt. xl vel lx. 



204 ASTRINGENTS. 

Fiat mistura. Dose — a table-spoonful every two hours. In Diarrhoea 
and Dysentery. 

This is the well known and very efficacious prepa- 
ration called Hope's Mixture. If the nitric acid is 
added in larger proportion, it is very liable to defeat 
the object of the prescription. 

Camphor Water, Lavender, fyc. 

R. Aquae camphorae, §iv. 

Tincturae lavendulae compositae, ^ij. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. xl vel lx. 
Fiat mistura. Dose — a table-spoonful every two hours. 

This prescription is employed in the same cases as 
the preceding one, and was strongly commended by 
the late Dr. Parrish. 

Electuary of Catechu and Opium. 

R. Electuarii Catechu, gj. 

Suited to cases of diarrhoea, in tea-spoonful doses. Ten scruples con- 
tain one grain of opium. 

Pills of Kino, Opium, #c. 

R. Pulveris Kino, gr. xx. 

Opii, gr. ij. 

Mucilaginis Acacias, q. s. ut fiant pilulae iv. 
Of which take one every four hours. In diarrhoea, pyrosis, &c. 

Monesia. 

This substance is the product of a tree which grows in Chili, but its 
botanical affinities are yet unknown. It is given in the form of 
Extract, twelve or twenty grains daily, divided into three grain 
pills. In Leucorrhcea, Diarrhoea, Menorrhagia, &c. &c. 



ASTRINGENTS. 205 



COLLYRIA. 

These are preparations applied to the eyes; they are 
sometimes dry, but generally liquid— consisting of in- 
fusions, decoctions, or distilled waters, with the addi- 
tion of various substances. 

Dry Collyrium of Sugar, fyc. 

R. Sacchari albi, 

Oxidi Zinci, aa. partes equates. 
Tere in pulverem. M. Recamier. 

Dry Collyrium of Mercury, #c. 

R. Sacchari albi, gij. 

Oxidi Hydrargyri rubri, gr. x. 

Oxidi Zinci impuri praeparati, 9j. 
Fiat pulvis. M. Dupuytren. 

Dry Collyrium of Opium, #*c. 

R. Pulveris Opii, gr. iv. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, 

Sacchari purificati, aa. 9j. 
Tere bene. 

These compounds are blown into the eyes for the 
removal of specks on the cornea resulting from inflam- 
mation. 

Alum Curd. 

R. Pulveris Aluminis, gss. 

Albuminem Ovi, j. 
Agitate them well until a coagulum be formed. — To be applied on a 

linen rag to inflamed eyes. It should be removed in three or four 

hours. 

Mum Collyrium. 

R. Pulveris Aluminis, gr. xij vel xx. 

Aquce rosarum, 5iv. 
Fiat solutio. — To be applied to the eye in chronic inflammation* 



206 ASTRINGENTS 

Collyrium of Ioduret of Potassium. 

R. Aquae rosarum, ^vj. 
Iodureti potassii, gr. xxiv. 
Iodini, gr. j vel ij . 
Fiat collyrium. To be applied to the eyes three or four times in the 
day. In scrofulous ophthalmia, and ulcerations of the cornea and 
conjunctiva. 

Collyrium of Acetate of Zinc. 

R. Sulphatis Zinci, 

Acetatis plumbi, aa. gr. vj. 

Aquae rosarum, ^iv. 
Fiat solutio. 

In this prescription a double decomposition takes 
place. Acetate of zinc is held in solution, while sul- 
phate of lead falls to the bottom. It should be filtered, 
or used without shaking. 

Collyrium of Acetate of Lead, fyc. 

R. Liquoris plumbi acetatis, gtt. xij. 

Vini Opii, gtt. xl. 

Aquae rosarum, ^iv. 
Fiat collyrium. 

Collyrium of Vinegar, fyc. 

R. Aceti destillati, 3j. 

Spiritus Vini diluti, gss. 

Aquae rosarum, ^viij. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — To be applied to weak eyes, and in ophthal- 
mia after depletion. 

Collyrium of Acetate of Ammonia and Camphor, 

R. Liquoris Ammoniae acetatis, 3ij. 

Misturoe Camphorse, ^vj. 
Misce. — Signa. — To be applied to eyes requiring a mild astringent 
and stimulant remedy. 



ASTRINGENTS. 207 

Collyrium of Acetate of Ammonia with Opium. 

R. Liquoris Ammoniae acetatis, ^ij. 
Aquae ferventis, §vj. 
Extraeti Opii mollis, gr. x. 
Dissolve the extract of Opium in the hot water — strain, and add the 
liquor of acetate of ammonia. Useful in acute ophthalmia when 
considerable pain remains after depletion. 

Collyrium of Sulphate of Copper. 

R. Sulphatis Cupri, gr. vj. 
Camphorae, gj. 
Aquae ferventis, gviij. 
Rub the camphor with the water — then strain, and add the sulphate 
of copper. 

This is nearly the same as the formula recommended 
by Mr. Ware in the treatment of purulent ophthalmia. 

Collyrium of Corrosive Su blimate. 

R, Hydrargyri chloridi corrosivi, gr. ij. 

Aquae destillatae, §viij. 
Fiat solutio. 

The above may be advantageously used in gonor- 
rhoeal ophthalmia, as also in that of a scrofulous cha- 
racter. 

Collyrium of Opium and Camphor. 

R. Extraeti Opii mollis, gr. x. 

Camphorae, gr. vj. 

Aquae ferventis, ^xij. 
Rub the camphor and opium well together in a mortar and add the 
water. Then strain before using. 

Collyrium of Poppies, fyc. 

R. Foment! papaveris capsularum, ?iv. 
Aquae rosarum, 
Misturse Camphorae, aa. ?ij. 



208 ASTRINGENTS. 

Misce. — Either of the last two collyria may be employed in the early 
stages of ophthalmia. 

All of these remedies can be most successfully ap- 
plied to the eyes by introducing the point of a small 
syringe into the outer angle, and gradually injecting 
the collyria. 

Colly Hum of Nitrate of Silver, 

R. Nitratis Argenti, gr. ij. 

Aquse destillatae, ^ij. 
Fiat solutio. — To be applied at the close of acute ophthalmia, and to 
promote the absorption of nebulae of the cornea. 

Emollient Collyrium. 

K. Radicis Althaeae officinalis, 3ij. 

Aquae destillatae, fty. 
Infuse for three hours near the fire, and strain. — Employed in inflam- 
mation of the conjunctiva accompanied with violent irritation. 

Anodyne Collyrium. 

R. Colchici autumnalis, gj. 

Aquae Lini bullientis, §iv. 

Tincturae Opii, Jj. 
Fiat mistura. — Employed in opthalmia accompanied with great sensi- 
bility. M. Jadelot. 

Strichnine Collyrium, 

R. Strichniae purse, gr. ij vel iv. 
Acidi acetici diluti, 
Aquae destillatae, aa. ^j. 
Fiat solutio. — A drop or two, diluted or not according to circumstances, 
to be applied to the eye several times a-day. Commended by Dr. 
Ryan in Amaurosis. 



ASTRINGENTS. 209 



INJECTIONS 

Injections are liquid compositions, containing emol- 
lient, astringent, or stimulating substances. The parts 
into which they are thrown are, the external auditory 
passages, the canal of the urethra, the bladder, and 
also fistulous cavities, the tunica vaginalis in the case 
of hydrocele, and the vagina. When employed in the 
cure of gonorrhoea, two circumstances merit especial 
attention, viz. the manner of throwing them up, and 
the frequency of using them. When the common 
syringe is used, the pipe should be perfectly smooth, 
short, and conical, so that it cannot pass more than a 
quarter of an inch into the urethra. The patient should 
oil the pipe before using it, seat himself on the edge 
of a chair so as to avoid pressing the perinseum, draw 
the penis forward on the syringe with the left hand, 
and throw up the injection to the seat of disease, 
(previously ascertained,) with the other. As respects 
the frequency of injecting, it may be observed, that 
six or eight times a-day are not too often, and that the 
cure will be retarded by using these remedies at longer 
intervals. We cannot forbear remarking, that gonor- 
rhceal inflammation, situated near the extremity of the 
penis, can be often cured by a routine plan; but when 
seated higher up the canal, and affecting Cowper's 
gland or the prostate, it becomes a serious disease, the 
cure of which ought not to be undertaken by those 
ignorant of the structure of the parts and the nature of 
morbid action. 

Injection of Pyroligneous Acid for the Ear. 

R. Acidi pyrolignei, 3ij. 
Aquae destillatae, ^vj. 
Fiat injectio. — Signa. — To be injected twice a-day with a silver 
syringe, in purulent discharge from the meatus auditorius. 

Buchanan on the Ear. 
27 



210 ASTRINGENTS. 



Injection for Catechu for the Ear, 

R. Extracti Catechu, gr. xij. 

Aquae bullientis, ^vj. 
Fiat injectio. — To be used four or five times a-day. Idem. 

Pyroligneous Acid, Ether, fyc.,for the Ear. 

R. Acidi pyrolignei, 

Spiritus iEtheris sulphiarici, 
Olei Terebinthinae, aa. partes equaies. 
Misce. — Signa. — Introduce two drops into the meatus auditorius every 
night, when the cerumen is deficient in quantity. — Idem. 



Injection of Sulphate of Zinc, fyc. 

B. Sulphatis Zinci, gr. x. 

Pulveris Acacias, £ij. 

Tincturae Opii, 3j. 

Aquae destillatae, §viij. 
Fiat injectio. — Used in gonorrhoea virulenta. 



Injection of Corrosive Sublimate, &c, 

R. Sulphatis Zinci, gr. x. 

Chloridi Hydrargyri corrosivi, gr. ij. 

Aquae rosarum, Sviij. 
Fiat injectio. — To be used in gleet. 

This powerful remedy should be employed with 
great caution. 

Peruvian Balsam, <$>c.,for the Ear. 

R. Fellis Bovini, Jiij. 
Balsami peruviani, 3j. 

Misce.— Signa. — To be dropped occasionally into the ear to correct a 
fetid discharge, syringing the ear every day with a weak solution 
of soap and water. Dr. Hugh Smith. 



ASTRINGENTS. 211 

Injection of Muriate of Ammonia, &c. 

R. Muriatis Ammoniae, gr. j vel ij. 

Chloridi Hydrargyri corrosivi, gr. ij. 

Aquae destillatae, 3iv. 
Fiat injectio. — To be used in chronic gonorrhoea. 

Injection of Acetate of Zinc. 

R. Acetatis Zinci, gr. viij. 

Aquae rosarum, ^iv. 
Fiat injectio. — Used in gonorrhoea virulenta. 

For all these preparations, rose water is an admira- 
ble menstruum ; it possesses the advantages of being 
slightly astringent and rendered pure by distillation, 
and seems therefore particularly applicable to the for- 
mation of injections and collyria. 

Injection of Armenian Bole. 

R. Sulphatis Zinci, 9j. 

Boli Armeniae, 9ij. 

Pulveris Acaciae, 3ij. 

Aquae rosarum, I viij. 
Fiat injectio. — To be used in gonorrhoea. 

Injection of Calomel, &c. 

R. Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, 3J. 

Gummi Arabici, 

Tincturae Opii, aa. gss. 

Aquae destillatae, gviij. 
Fiat injectio. — Signa. — For gonorrhoea or gleet. 

Injection of Sulphate of Copper. 

R. Cupri sulphatis, gr. vj. 
Aquae destillatae, ^vj. 
Tincturae Opii, 3j. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — To be thrown up the urethra in chronic gonor- 
rhoea. 



212 ASTRINGENTS. 

Injection of Tea, 

R. Theae viridis foliorum, 3j. 

Aquae ferventis, ^vj. 
Fiat infusio et cola. — To be used as an injection in gonorrhoea vim- 
lenta. 

Injection of Ammoniuret of Copper, 

R. Cupri Ammoniureti, gr. v. 

Aquae rosarum, gviij. 
Fiat solutio. — To be used in chronic gonorrhoea. 

GARGLES, MOUTH WASHES, &c. 

Gargles, like injections, are astringent and stimu- 
lating; to be of any service they must be frequently 
applied and persevered in for some time. 

Gargle of Brandy. 

R. Spiritus vini gallici, 

Aquae fontanae, aa. partes equales. 
Brandy and water form an excellent gargle for some cases of inflamed 
fauces. 

Gargle of Galls and Alcohol. 

R. Infusionis gallarum, gvij. 

Spiritus vini rectificati, ^j. 
Fiat gargarysma. — To be used frequently, in relaxation of the uvula 
and soft palate. 

Gargle of Infusion of Oak Bark. 

R. Corticis Querci falcatae, gj. 

Aquae fontanae, Jfejss. 
Boil to a pound, and strain ; then add — 

Sulphatis aluminis, 3ss. 

Spiritus vini gallici, gij. 
Misce. — To be applied to the uvula when swelled or relaxed, and to 
be used as an injection in fluor albus. 



ASTRINGENTS. 213 



Gargle of Sulphate of Quinia, fyc- 
R. Sulphatis Quiniae, gr. xij. 



cupn, gr. xvj. 



Acidi sulphurici aromatici, 3j. 
Aquae fontanae, gviij. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful to be used three or four times 
a-day, in obstinate sore throat. Br, Hartshorne. 

Gargle of Borax, fyc. 

R. Boratis soda?, 3j. 

Tincturae myrrha?, 3ss. 

Mellis despumati, gj. 

Aqua? rosarum, giv. 
Fiat gargarysma. — Signa. — To be used as a gargle or mouth wash, in 
ptyalism or scorbutic affections of the gums. 

Gargle of Sulphate of Zinc, fyc. 

**• Sulphatis Zinci, 3j. 

Mellis, gss. 

Tincturae Myrrha?, gj. 

Spiritus vini gallici, gj. 

Aquae rosarum, 5iv. 
Fiat gargarysma. — To be applied to ulcerated gums, occasioned by 
excessive salivation. Water can be added if it be too strong. 

In many cases of mercurial sore mouth, common 
lead water forms a most soothing and useful applica- 
tion. It, makes the teeth black — an effect which is 
only temporary. 

Br. Blake's Toothach Solution. 

R. Aluminis, 5y« (in pulverem subtillissimum triturandum.) 

Spiritus aetheris nitrici, 3vij. 
Fiat solutio. — Said by Dr. Blake, of London, to be an infallible cure 
for toothach, where this is not connected with rheumatism. 

Gargle of Mum. 

K. Sulphatis alumina? et potassae, 3ij. 
Aquae, 3iv. 



214 ASTRINGENTS. 

Solve.— This is Dr. Cavarra's gargle for fa3tor oris, or offensive 
breath. 

Gargle of Pomegranate, 

R. Corticis punicae granati, gss. 

Petalarum rosae rubrae, 3ij. 

Aquae bullientis, gvj. 
Fiat infusio. — Cola et adde — 

Mellis despumati, gj. 

Aluminis, 3ij. 
Fiat gargarysma. — Signa. — To be used in inflammations of the throat 
and fauces. This gargle is highly praised by Dr. Meigs. 

Muriatic Acid Gargle. 

R. Infusionis Cinchona? , giv. 
Mellis despumati, gj. 
Acidi muriatici, gtt. xviij. 
Fiat gargarysma. — To be used in chronic inflammation, when pain 
and swelling have been reduced by depletion— also in cynanche 
maligna. Ratier's Formulary. 

Wash of Sulphate of Copper, 8fC. 

R. Sulphatis Cupri, 3ij. 
Pulveris Cinchonae, gss. 
Aquae destillatae, giv. 
Misce. — Signa. — To be used in the gangrenous sore mouth of children; 
and to be applied to the full extent of the ulceration and excoria- 
tion. Dr. B. H. Coates. 

Linctus with Muriatic Acid, fyc. 

R. Acidi Muriatici, 3j. 
Mellis, 

Aquae rosarum, aa. gj. 
Misce. — Signa. — To be applied to scorbutic gums three or four times 
a-day. 

Detergent Gargle— Sulphuric Acid, fyc. 

R. Decocti Hordei, giv. 

Mellis despumati, ^ss. 

Acidi sulphurici, gtt. xx. 
Fiat gargarysma. Ratiefs Formulary. 



ASTRINGENTS, 215 

Mercurial Gargle, 

R. Chloridi Hydrargyri corrosivi, gr. ij. 

Mellis despumati, gss. 

Aquae destillatse, giv. 
Fiat solutio. — To be used in venereal sore throat. Idem. 

Acetous Gargle. 

R. Acidi acetiei, 3ij« 

Muriatis Ammoniae, 3j. 

Mellis, §iss. 

Aquae fontanae, Ixij. 
Fiat gargarysma. — To be used in inflamed fauces. Idem. 

Astringent Gargle of Acetate of Lead, fyc. 

R. Acetatis Plumbi, 3ss. 

Syrupi simplicis, §j. 

Decocti Hordei, Oj. 
Fiat solutio. — In mercurial sore mouth, &c. — Ratter's Formulary. 

MIXTURES, INFUSIONS, &c. 

Infusion of Galls. 
R. Gallae contusse, 3ij. 
Aqua3 bullientis, §x. 
Infuse for four hours, and strain. — Signa. — To be taken in doses of a 
table-spoonful every hour or two hours. In diarrhoea. It may be 
rendered more agreeable by the addition of some aromatic. 

Infusion of Galls and Chalk. 

R. Infusionis Gallarum, §iv. 
Cretae praeparatae, ^ss. 
Tincturae Opii, Jj. 
Gummi Acaciae, 3j. 

Fiat mistura. — Dose. — A table-spoonful every two hours. In diar- 
rhoea. 

Infusion of Logwood, 

R. Haematoxyli ligni, ?ss. 
Aquae bullientis, Oj. 



216 ASTRINGENTS. 

Infuse for two or thee hours, and strain. — Of this a table-spoonful to 
be given to children every two or three hours. In cholera and 
diarrhoea. 

Mixture of Extract of Logwood, fyc. 

R. Extracti Haematoxyli, 3iij« 
Tincturae catechu, 5\j. 
Aquae fontanae, ^vij. 
Misce. — Signa. — Two spoonsful to be given once in three or four 
hours. In the advanced stages of diarrhoea and dysentery. 

Mixture with Extract of Bark and Alum. 

R. Extracti Cinchonae, ? ss « 

Aluminis, 9ij. 

Aqu3e Cinnamomi, 3v. 

Syrupi Limonis, ^j. 
Misce. — Signa. — Two spoonsful may be taken every two hours. In 
low diseases accompanied with hemorrhage. 

Mixture with Tincture of Catechu, fyc» 

E. Tincturae Catechu, ^j. 

Opii, gtt. lx. 

Pulveris Acaciae, 3ij. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, ^vj. 
Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every two hours. In diarrhoea. 

Solution of Vitriolated Zinc and Alum, 
As under Emetics. 

Alum Whey. 

R. Lactis Vaccinae bullientis, Oj. 

Pulveris Aluminis, ^ij. 
Boil them until the coagulum separates, and strain. A cupful to be 
taken occasionally. In diabetes, &c. 

Peruvian Bark with Lime Water. 

K. Pulveris corticis Cinchonae, 3ss. 

Aquae Calcis, 3viij. 
Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful to be taken every two hours, or 
oftener if necessary. In diarrhoea and menorrhagia. 



ASTRINGENTS. 217 

Sirup of Galls, Brandy, $c. 

R. Gallarum contusarum, 3ij. 

Spiritus gallici, §viij. 
Misce. — Set the brandy on fire and burn out the spirit; — then add— 
Corticis Cinnamomi, 
Macis, aa. 3y« 
While hot, add sugar by burning it over the inflamed brandy until a 
sirup is formed. — Decant the pure sirup. — Dose. — A table-spoonful 
every two hours. In chronic and obstinate diarrhoea. 

Br, Parrish. 

Clyster of Lime Water and Catechu. 

R. Electuarii Catechu, ^ss. 

Aquae Calcis, £.x. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — One-half may be injected at a time; in the 
diarrhoea of continued fevers. 

Solution of Sulphate of Copper, fyc. 

R. Sulphatis Cupri, gr. iij. 
Acidi sulphurici, gtt. xx. 
Aquae destillatae, 3ij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — From twenty to forty drops to be given every 
one or two hours in sirup, pro re nata. In menorrhagia. 

Thatcher's Practice. 

Enema of Acetate of Lead, $c. 

R. Acetatis Plumbi, 9j. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. lx. 

Aquae tepid ae, ^ij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa.— To be thrown up the rectum in uterine hemor- 
rhage. Bewees^s Syst. of Mid., p. 420. 

Mixture of Extract of Rhatany Root, fyc. 

R. Extracti Rhataniae, ^j. 
Syrupi papaveris, 
Aquae rosarum, aa. Jj. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — A tea-spoonful for a dose, pro re nata. In 
passive hemorrhage and chronic dysentery. M. Fouquier. 

28 



218 ASTRINGENTS. 

LINIMENTS, LOTIONS, &c. 

Lotion of Lime Water, Zinc, fyc. 

R. Oxidi Zinci, gr. xij. 

Cupri sulphatis, gr. iij vel iv. 

Mellis rosacei, 3j. 

Aquae calcis, 2ij. 
Fiat lotio. — Recommended as very useful in phagedenic ulcers of the 
genitals. Vide Swediaur on Syphilis. 

Liniment of Lime Water and Linseed Oil. 

R. Olei Lini, giij. 

Liquoris Calcis, ^vj. 
Fiat linimentum. — To be applied to burns and scalds by means of a 
feather or soft rag. 

Lotion of Lime Water and Alcohol. 

R. Spiritus vini rectificati, §ij. 

Liquoris Calcis, Oss. 
Fiat mistura. — To be applied in the same cases as the above. 

Lotion of Goulard's Extract of Lead, &c. 

R. Liquoris acetatis plumbi, 3j. 

Spiritus C amphorae, Jiij* 

Aquae fontanae, Oj. 
Fiat lotio. — To be used as the former. 

Chloride of Soda. 
R. Chloridi Sodas, quantum placet. 

This compound is much recommended by some of 
the French surgeons, applied by means of lint in the 
treatment of old ulcers. 

Epithem of Acetate of Lead. 

R. Confectionis rosae, gj. 
Mellis, 

Liquoris plumbi acetatis, 
Tincturae Opii, aa. Bij. 



ASTRINGENTS. 219 

Misce. — Signa. — To be applied to painful venereal ulcers, and to 
chancres after the use of lunar caustic. 

Compound Lotion of Sulphuret of Potash. 

R. Sulphureti Potassae, 3ss. 
Saponis venetae, ^j. 
Spiritus rectificati, 3iv. 
Tincturae Myrrhae, gss. 
Liquoris Calcis, Oj. 
Fiat mistura secundum artera. — To be applied to the head night and 
morning, in cases of tenea capitis. The hair must be shaved pre- 
vious to its employment. 

Astringent Fomentation. 

R. Radicis Bistortae, 

Corticis Punicae granati, aa. gij. 

Muriatis Ammoniae, 3ij. 

Vini rubri, Oj. 
Misce. — Signa. — To be applied to indolent inflammatory swellings. 

Ratier's Formulary. 

Lotion of Bark. 

R. Cinchonse rubrae contuse, 3j. 

Aquae fontanae, Oj. 
Boil for ten minutes, strain, then add — 

Alcoholis camphorati, ^viij. 

This preparation may be used whenever a tonic and 
stimulant lotion is required. 

Lotion of Sulphuret of Fotassa, fyc. 

1. R. Sulphureti Potassae, gj vel ^ij. 

Aquae, Oj. 
Misce. — 

2. R. Acidi hydrochlorici, 3j vel ^ij. 

Aquae destillatae, Oij. 
Mix one ounce of each lotion with four ounces of warm water, and 
apply by means of a sponge in cases of psora. — M. Mibert. 



220 ASTRINGENTS 

OINTMENTS. 

Ointment of Alum, Calomel, <Yt 

R. Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, 3ij. 

Sulphatis Aluminis exsiccati, 

Oxidi plumbi albi, aa. ^ss. 

Olei Terebinthinae, 3ij. 

Cerati simplicis, ±iss. 
Fiat unguentum. 

This ointment is particularly efficacious in Tinea 
Capitis. It should be applied every night going to 
bed, and washed off in the morning ; as soon as the 
child's head is dry, it should be dusted over with 
powdered starch, which in the evening is again to give 
place to the ointment. The hair should be cut off 
previous to the application of the ointment. 

Ointment of Gall-nuts. 

R. Pulveris Gallarum, 5j vel ij. 

Adipis suillae, ^j. 
Fiat unguentum. — Used in hemorrhoidal affections. 

Ointment of Oxide of Zinc. 

R. Oxidi vel florum, 3j. 
Butyri recentis, 3vj. 
Fiat unguentum. — To be applied to the eyes in cases of defluxions 
arising from relaxation or slight inflammation of the lids. 

Ointment of Rhubarb, Opium, fyc. 

R. Pulveris Rhei, gr. x. 

Opii, gr. v. 

Cerati simplicis, 3iss. 
Fiat unguentum. — This ointment has been found very efficacious in 
indolent ulcers. 

Ointment of Tar, $c. 
R. Unguenti picis liquidae, §j. 

hydrargyri nitratis vel citrini, gsa. 

Fiat mistura. — In tinea capitis. 



ASTRINGENTS. 221 

Ointment of Tar and Opium. 

R. Pulveris Opii, oij. 
Unguenti picis, §j. 
Fiat unguentum. — Signa. — Haemorrhoidal ointment. 

This compound has been found very efficacious in 
hcemorrhois. 

KirhlanoVs Neutral Cerate. 

R. Emplastri plumbi, 3iv. 
Olei oli varum, 
Cretae praeparatas, 
Acidi acetici, aa. ?ij. 
Super-acetatis plumbi, 3J SS « 
The plaster and oil are first to be melted over a gentle fire. The 
prepared chalk is then to be briskly stirred in, and when the mix- 
ture is sufficiently cooled, the vinegar and superacetate of lead are 
to be added, and the whole stirred until nearly cold. 

This cerate, which is not to be met with in the phar- 
macopoeia, is strongly recommended in abraded irrita- 
ble surfaces, and the latter stages of burns. 

Aromatic Sulphur Ointment. 

R. Potassae carbonatis, 5ss. 

Aquae rosae, ^j. 

Hydrargyri sulphureti rubri, jj 

Olei essentialis Bergamotae 5ss. 

Sulphuris sublimati et loti, 

Adipis suilli, aa. gx. 
Misce secundum artem. — Employed in scabies, 

Batemati's Synopsis* 



( 222 ) 



CLASS XVI 



ABSORBENTS OR ANTACIDS. 

Absorbents or Antacids form a class of remedies 
for correcting acidity in the stomach and bowels. As 
a general rule they should be preceded by an emetic 
or cathartic, or both. When a permanent effect is de- 
sired, they are usually combined with tonics, aroma- 
tics, and sometimes narcotics. When given alone, 
they too frequently afford but transient relief. 

POWDERS. 

Compound Cretaceous Powder with Opium* 

R. Cretae praeparatae, Jiss. 
Pulveris Cinnamomi, ^j. 

Piperis longi, gr. viij. 

Opii, gr. vj. 

Fiat pulvis. — Divide in chartulas xij. — One three or four times a-day. 
In diarrhoea. 

The above formula, with a slight alteration, is from 
the London Pharmacopoeia. 

Powder with Crabs' Claws and Rhubarb. 

R. Chelae cancrorum, 3j. 
Pulveris Rhei, Dij. 



ABSORBENTS OR ANTACIDS. 223 

Misce, et divide in pulveres iv. — Of which one may be taken once 
or twice a-day, according to circumstances. In acidity of the Pri- 
mes vise. 

This preparation is called by the several names of 
crabs' claws, eyes, and stones. It is a carbonate of 
lime united , with some animal gelatine, and which, 
like prepared oyster shells, has little or no superiority 
over the prepared chalk. 

Powder with Magnesia, Fennel Seeds, fyc. 

R. Magnesias, gss. 

Pulveris seminum Fceniculi, 

Cinnamomi, aa. £j. 

Fiat pulvis. — Dose. — A small tea-spoonful three or four times a-day. 

Powder with Soda, Magnesia, fyc. 

R. Magnesiae calcinatae, ^ss. 

Bi-carbonatis Sodae, 

Pulveris Zingiberis, aa. 9j. 
Misce. — Signa. — A small tea-spoonful occasionally. In cardialgia. 

Powder with Magnesia and Colombo. 

R. Magnesiae ustae, sjss. 
Pulveris Colombae, 3j. 
Misce. — Divide in chartulas vj. — Of which one may be taken three 
times a-day, in sugar and water. In Cardialgia, 



PILLS. 

Pills of Soda, Rhubarb, §c. 

R. Pulveris Rhei, 

Carbonatis Sodae exsiccatae, 

Extracti Gentianae, aa. Bj. 

Hydrargyri chloridi mitis, gr. iij. 
Misce. — Fiant pilulae xx. — Signa. — Two occasionally. In dyspepsia, 



224 ABSORBENTS OR ANTACIDS, 

MIXTURES, SOLUTIONS, &c. 

Chalk Mixture. 

R. Cretae praeparatae, 3iij. 

Sacchari albi, 

Pulveris gummi Acaciae, aa. 3iss. 

Aquse Menthae, gvj. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose every two hours. 
When administered in Diarrhoea, Astringents are added. 

Solution of Salt of Tartar. 

R. Carbonatis Potassse, 3j. 

Sacchari albi, tJ. 

Tincturae Lavandulae compositae, ^ij. 

Opii, gtt. xl. 

Aquae Menthae, ^iv. 
Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every hour or two hours. In sick- 
ness of the stomach occasioned by acidity. 

The opium in the above prescriptions may be omit- 
ted at the discretion of the practitioner. 

Mixture of Salt of Tartar, Ammonia, $c, 

R. Spiritus Ammoniae, 

Carbonatis Potassae, aa. 3ij. 

Aquae Cinnamomi, §iv. 
Misce. — Signa. — A large tea-spoonful for a dose pro re nata, In 
Pyrosis. 

Lime Water and Milk. 

R. Aquae calcis, 

Lactis recentis, aa. 3iij. 

Misce. — Signa. — Two table-spoonsful for a close. In sickness of the 
stomach few remedies are more prompt in their effect. An antacid 
remedy admirably adapted to children, is prepared by pouring four 
ounces of boiling water on a heaped tea-spoonful of calcined mag- 
nesia, and giving a dessert-spoonful of the clear solution every hour 
or two. It is slightly aperient. 



ABSORBENTS OR ANTACIDS. 225 

Mixture with Ammonia, Magnesia, &rc> 

R. Magnesias ustae, 3j. 

Aquae Ammoniae, jj. 

Spiritus Cinnamomi, 3iij. 

Aquae destillatae, gvss. 
Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every two hours. Usually given 
in the sickness accompanying pregnancy. 

Mixture of Magnesia, Camphor, fyc. 

R. Magnesiae albae, 3j. 

Camphorse, £ss. 

Sacchari albi, 

Gummi Acacise, aa. 5ij. 

iEtheris sulphurici, 5ss. 

Aquae destillatae, 5iv. 
Misce. — Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose four or five times a-day. 
In flatulency and irritable stomach. — Dr. E. Griffiths. 

Dyspeptic Lie. 

Take of 
Hickory Ashes ----- l quart, 

Soot ------ 6 ounces, 

Boiling Water 1 gallon. 

Mix and let them stand for twenty-four hours, frequently stirring the 
ingredients. A tea-cupful may be given of this liquor, (decanted,) 
three times a-day. It should be decanted always at the end of 
twenty-four hours, for by standing on the materials a long time the 
water acquires almost caustic properties, and may do serious in- 
jury. 

This domestic remedy we have thought best to 
couch in the English language. It deserves an inser- 
tion from the circumstance that it was employed by 
Dr. Physick in his own case, and we are informed 
was of decided advantage when the usual alkaline 
remedies had failed. 
29 



226 ABSORBENTS'OR ANTACIDS. 



Solution of Salt of Tartar, fyc, 

R. Carbonatis Potassae, j}j. 

Pulveris gummi Acaciae, £ss. 
g Olei Menthae sativae, gtt. ij. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. x. 

Aquae aeratae, ^iij. 
Fiat solutio. — Signa. — A table-spoonful for a dose, pro re nata. In 
sickness of the stomach. — Dr. Meigs, 



Mixture of Colombo, fyc. 

R. Radicis Colombae, jss. 

Coque in aqua, ^iij ad Z v. 

Cola et adde — 

Carbonatis Potassae, 9ss. 

Succi limonis, jiij. 

Tincturae Opii, gtt. xij. 
Misce. — Signa. — From a tea to a table-spoonful may be given every 
hour. 



This mixture is said to be powerfully anti-emetic; 
and is much praised by Dr. Meigs. 



Anti-Emetic Mixture. 

R. Tincturae corticis Aurantii, jss. 

Aloes socotrinae, 

Castorei, aa. £j. 

Misce. — Signa. — The dose may be from forty to fifty drops, three or 
four times a-day. 

In chronic vomiting, occasioned by atony or spasm 
of the stomach, the above is strongly recommended in 
Hufeland's Treatise on Scrofula. 



ABSORBENTS OR ANTACIDS. 227 

Mixture with Carbonate of Soda, fyc. 

R. Sodae carbonatis, 9iv. 

Infusionis Gentianae composites, 

Aquae cinnamomi, al. 3iij. 

Tincturae Cardamomi, §ss. 
Fiat mistura. — Signa. — A table-spoonful every two or three hours. 
In acidity and flatulency of the stomach, &c„ 



( 228 ) 



APPENDIX, NO. L 



DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 

The importance of an acquaintance with those pre- 
parations of diet peculiarly designed for the patient 
during disease and convalescence, is so obvious that it 
requires little or no comment. It was remarked by 
Dr. Rush, in his lectures, that a physician should 
spend six months in a kitchen before entering upon 
his practical career. As the medical attendant, there- 
fore, is called upon frequently to give directions and 
rules for preparing the diet for the sick, we have in- 
serted a few formulae for those articles which are in 
daily use. However apparently trifling such a class 
may appear to some persons, the physician will find 
that an attention to it will place the patient more 
completely under his own control, and inspire con- 
fidence in the relations and attendants. The rules to 
be observed in giving nourishment to the sick, will 
generally, present themselves; but there is one in par- 
ticular which should not be overlooked. In all low 
diseases, the nurse should be directed never to give too 
much at once, but frequently to repeat a small pro- 
portion. The lapse of a very short time without food, 
will frequently in cases of great prostration, reduce 
the patient very low, and may endanger his life. 

This rule is not intended to be applied to those 



DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 229 

chronic derangements of the digestive functions, which 
are to be remedied principally by a regulation of diet, 
and in which, the old adage, "a little and often," has 
too frequently, we are convinced, been perniciously 
advised. 

Decoction of Barley; 01% Barley Water, 

Take of 

Pearl Barley, - - - - - 2 ounces, 

Boiling Water, - - - - - 2 quarts. 

Before adding the boiling water, let the barley be well washed. Then 
boil it to one-half, and strain the liquor. A little lemon juice and 
sugar may be added, if desirable. To be taken ad libitum in in- 
flammatory diseases. 

Mice Water. 

Take of 

Rice, - - - - - - 2 ounces, 

Let it be well washed, and add to it — 

Water, - - - - - - 2 quarts. 

Boil it for an hour and a half, and then add sugar and nutmeg as 
much as may be required. To be taken ad libitum. 

Rice, when boiled for a considerable time, assumes 
a gelatinous form, and is a very excellent diet, mixed 
with milk, for children. It is believed by many per- 
sons to have a constipating property. This opinion, 
however, appears to be destitute of foundation. 

Infusion of Flaxseed. 
As under Expectorants. 

Mucilage of Gum Arabic. 
As under Expectorants. 

Decoction of Bran. 

Take of 

Wheat Bran, recent, - - 1 pint, 

Water, - - - - - 3 quarts. 



230 DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 

Boil down one-third, strain off the liquor, and add sugar, honey or 
molasses, according to the taste of the patient. 

Bran tea may be made by using; boiling water, and 
suffering the mixture to stand in a covered vessel for 
three or four hours. 

' Sage Tea. 

Take of 

The dried leaves of sage, - - half an ounce, 

Boiling Water r 1 quart, 

Intuse for half an hour,, and then strain. Sugar and lemon juice may 
be added in the proportion required by the patient In the same 
manner may be made balm and other teas. 

These infusions form very agreeable and useful 
drinks in fever, and their diaphoretic powers may be 
increased by the addition of sweet spirits of nitre; or, 
what is better, by antimonial wine. 

Infusion of Malt. 

Take of 

Ground Malt, - - - - - 1 pint, 

Scalding Water,* - - - - - 3 pints. 

Infuse for two hours, and strain off the liquor, to which may be 
added sugar or lemon juice, if required. 

This is a favourite preparation with Dr. Parrish, 
and employed by him in inflammatory fevers. 

Lemonade. 

Take of 

Fresh Lemon Juice, - ■* - - 4 ounces, 

Fresh and very thin peel of Lemon, - - half an ounce, 

White Sugar, - - - - 4 ounces, 

Boiling Water, - - - - 3 pints. 

* Water not quite brought to the boiling point. 



DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 231 

Let them stand until cold, then strain off for use. When employed 
in fevers, a little nitrate of potash or sweet spirits of nitre may be 
added. 

This preparation, when freely taken by the patient, 
sometimes produces pain in the bowels. It must 
therefore be given with some reserve as a daily drink. 

Water Gruel. 

Take of 

Oatmeal, - - - - - -2 ounces., 

Water, - - - - - - 1 quart. 

Boil for ten or fifteen minutes, and strain, adding sugar and salt to 
make it agreeable. 

Milk for Infants. 

Take of 

Cow's Milk, - - - - - 1 part, 

Water, - - - - - -2 parts. 

Loaf Sugar as much as may be agreeable. 

It is necessary, when children are to be raised 
by the hand, to dilute the milk. These proportions 
may be altered as the child advances in age. The ob- 
ject is to make a diet as near the qualities of the ma- 
ternal milk as possible. 

Rice Gruel. 

Take of 

Ground Rice, - - - - - 1 ounce, 

Cinnamon, - - - - - 1 drachm, 

Water, - . - - - - 1 quart. 

Boil for forty minutes, adding the aromatic near the conclusion. 

Strain and sweeten it. Wine may be added if necessary. 

Panado. 

Take of 

Wheat Bread, - - - - - 1 ounce, 

Cinnamon, - - - - - 1 drachm, 

Water, - - - - - - 1 pint. 



232 DIATETIC PREPARATIONS. 

Boil them until well mixed, then add a little grated nutmeg and sugar. 
Wine or butter may also be added if desirable. 

Compound Salep Powders. 

R. Salep, 

Gummi Tragacanthi, 
Sago, aa. giv. 
Cochineal, 3ss. 

Testae ostrearum preparatae, ^j. 
To be carefully mixed and divided into powders of 3j each. Stir one 
of these powders into a pint of milk, and boil them together for ten 
or fifteen minutes. To be drank freely in dysentery and diarrhoea. 

These are the dysenteric powders of Dr. Castanello. 
A somewhat analogous preparation which bears the 
same name, is prepared as follows : 

R. Pulveris gummi arabici, 
Gummi Tragacanthi, 
Marantae, 
Sago, 

Tapiocas, aa\ 3ij. 
Mix them well together, and boil in a pint of milk, flavoured with 
nutmeg or cinnamon. To be used as a diet in dysentery, diar- 
rhoea, &c. &c. 

Sago. 

Take of 

Sago, ----- 2 spoonsful, 

Water, ----- l pint. 

Boil gently until it thickens, frequently stirring. Wine, sugar, and 
nutmeg, may be added according to circumstances. 

Tapioca Jelly. 

Take of 

Tapioca, 2 spoonsful, 

Water, 1 pint. 

Boil it gently for an hour, or until it assume a jelly-like appearance. 
Add sugar, wine, and nutmeg, with lemon juice, to suit the taste of 
the patient and the nature of the case. 



DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 233 

Arrow Root. 

Take of 

Arrow Root, 1 table-spoonful, 

Sweet Milk, half a pint, 

Boiling Water, half a pint. 

Eoil them a few moments over the fire. 

Sweetened with loaf sugar it is one of the best ali- 
ments for children, and more especially when their 
bowels are irritated. 

Boiled Flour. 
Take of 

Fine Flour, - - - - - - - - a pound. 

Tie it up in a linen cloth as tight as possible, and after frequently dip- 
ping it in cold water, dredge the outside with flour till a crust is 
formed round it, which will prevent the water soaking into it while 
boiling. It is then boiled until it becomes a hard, dry mass. 

Two or three spoonsful of this may be grated and 
prepared in the same manner as arrow root, for which 
it forms an excellent substitute, and can be obtained 
in the country, when perhaps the other cannot. 

Vegetable Soup. 

Take one turnip, one potato, one onion. Let them be sliced, and 
boiled in one quart of water for an hour. Add as much salt as is 
agreeable, and pour the whole upon a piece of dry toast. 

This preparation forms an agreeable substitute for 
animal food, and may be given when the former is in- 
admissible. 

Chocolate. 

When this is desired by the patient, it should be suffered to stand 
until cold, after having been made in the usual way. The oily 
parts thus collect on the surface and should be taken off. The 
liquid may then be boiled again, and sugar, &c. added as much as 
may be agreeable. 
30 



234 DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 

Beef Tea. 

Take of 

Lean Beef, cut into shreds, 1 pound, 

Water, -------- l quart. 

Boil it for twenty minutes, taking off the scum as it rises. After h 
grows cold, strain the liquor. 

This preparation is more nourishing than ordinary 
broths, and is very palatable. 

Hartshorn Jelly. 

Take of 

Hartshorn shavings, 4 ounces, 

Water, 1 quart. 

Boil over a gentle fire until one pint of the water be dissipated. Strain 
and add lemon juice, sugar and wine. 

This forms, either with or without the last ingre- 
dients, a very nourishing diet for the convalescent; 
and when mixed with an equal portion of cow t 's milk, 
is very useful in the bowel complaints of children. 

Isinglass, or fish glue, may be used instead of the 
hartshorn shavings, if preferred. 

Calves' Feet Jelly. 

Take two calves' feet, and add to them one gallon of water, which 
reduce by boiling to one quart. Strain it, and when cold skim the 
fat entirely ofT. Add to this, the white of six or eight eggs well 
beaten, a pint of wine, half a pound of loaf sugar, and the juice of 
four lemons, and let them be well mixed. Boil the whole for a 
few minutes, stirring it constantly, and then pass it through a flannel 
strainer, 

This forms a very nutritious article of diet for the 
sick and convalescent. When desired the wine can 
be omitted. 



DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 235 

Essence of Beef. 

Take of 

Lean beef, sliced. 

Put a sufficient quantity into a porter bottle to fill up its body, cork it 
loosely and place it in a pot of cold water, attaching the neck by 
means of a string to the handle of the vessel. Boil this for three- 
quarters of an hour, then decant the liquor and skim it. 

To this preparation may be added spices, salt, wine, 
brandy, &c, according to the taste of the patient and 
nature of the disease. It is greatly employed in low- 
fevers, and therefore every one should be able to di- 
rect its modus prceparandi. 

Chicken Water. 

Take half a chicken divested of all fat, and break the bones; add to 
this half a gallon of water, and boil for fifteen or twenty minutes. 
Season with salt. 

This water has been freely employed by some phy- 
sicians in the early stages of cholera. Taken warm it 
promotes vomiting and washes out the stomach. 

Suet Ptisan. 

Take of 

Sheep's Suet, - 2 ounces, 

Milk, 1 pint, 

Starch, - - half an ounce. 

Boil slowly for ten minutes. 

This may be used as a common drink in dysentery. 

Mucilage of Starch, §*c. 

Take of 

Starch, 1 ounce, 

Powdered Cinnamon, 1 drachm, 

Gum Arabic, - - - - 1 ounce, 

Boiling Water, - - - - - - 3 pints. 

Boil until reduced one-third, and strain. 



236 DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 

The above may be used as a common drink in dys- 
entery. 

Wine and Mustard Wheys. 

As under Stimulants. 

Rennet Whey. 

Take of 

New Milk, 1 quart, 

Rennet, a large spoonful. 

Warm the milk and then add the rennet. Boil until the curd sepa- 
rates and is all taken off. 

To many persons this forms a very agreeable nutri- 
ment. 

Vinegar Whey. 

Take of 

Milk, 1 pint, 

Vinegar, ------ half an ounce. 

Boil for a few minutes, and separate the curd. 

Tartar Whey. 

Take of 

Milk, 1 quart, 

Cream of Tartar, half an ounce. 

Boil until the curd separates. 

Sarsaparilla Beer, 

R. Sarsaparilla contusse, }^ij. 
Pulveris corticis Guaiaci, jfviij. 
Ligni Guaiaci concisi, 
Seminum Anisi, 

Radicis Glycyrrhizae contuss, ail. giv. 
Corticis radicis Mezereii, 3ij- 
Sacchari liquidi, |^ij. 
Caryophilli contusi, gss. 
Aquae bullientis, congios iv. 



DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 237 

Mix these ingredients, and agitate the vessel thrice a-day. When a 
fermentation has well begun it is fit for use, and may be taken in 
the dose of a small tumblerful twice or thrice a-day. 

"This is the Spanish recipe for the Jarave or diet 
drink, somewhat modified. If intended for old and 
obstinate complaints, as leprous affections, elephanti- 
asis, various anomalous ulcerations and foul disorders 
of the skin, there may be added to the jug, after fer- 
mentation has well begun, tartrate of antimony twelve 
grains, corrosive sublimate eight or ten grains, muri- 
ate of ammonia one drachm, dissolved previously in 
a little water. These remedies greatly increase the 
alterative powers of the vegetable infusion, and so 
effectually prevent its decomposition that it may be 
kept for a long time unaltered, even in a hot climate.'''' — 
See Hancock on Sarsaparilla, Journal of the Philadel- 
phia College of Pharmacy , Vol. I. No. 4. 



( 238 ) 



APPENDIX, NO- II. 



POISONS. 



Cases of poisoning are so sudden and so awful that 
no time is to be lost in administering relief. To do this 
with judgment and effect, it is requisite to be familiar 
with all the usual antidotes : of these we have accord- 
ingly selected some which possess an acknowledged 
efficacy, omitting at the same time many others that 
are unworthy of confidence. For the purpose of con- 
venience we have arranged the Poisons alphabetically, 
with the appropriate antidotes attached to each. But, 
as has been remarked when speaking of Emetics, our 
chief reliance in these cases is upon free vomiting, in- 
duced by those articles which are most speedy in their 
effect. Dr. Beck prefers sulphate of zinc, whenever it 
can be procured, and adds, " but if vomiting be pre- 
sent, we may aid it by diluents or a vegetable emetic. 
Tartrate of antimony should never be given." Yet 
even from this treatment little can be expected where 
the deleterious substance has remained long in the sto- 
mach ; and the stomach tube and syringe will be indis- 
pensable. 

To protect the stomach and intestines from the di- 
rect operation of poisons, it is generally recommended 
to give milk, lime water, soap, or drinks sweetened 
with sugar or honey. Oils and other fatty substances 
are rather injurious than otherwise. 



poisons. 239 



When the vomiting has ceased, and retching and 
pain continue, Mr. Hume advises the free administra- 
tion of carbonate of magnesia, with tincture of opium, 
suspended in water. 



ACIDS, NITRIC, MURIATIC, AND SUL- 
PHURIC. 

The proper antidotes to these are the alkalies, alka- 
line earths and soaps; common pearl ash, or carbonate 
of potash ; calcined, or carbonate of magnesia ; chalk ; 
soap in solution; accompanied, with copious draughts 
of warm water or warm flaxseed tea. While the an- 
tidotes are in preparation, use freely any mild fluid, 
milk or oleaginous matters being preferred. 



ALKALIES. 

The best antidote is common vinegar; it is always 
at hand, and its affinity for these substances is suffi- 
ciently strong to neutralize them. Also, a fixed oil, as 
olive oil should be given in large quantity — several 
pounds being required where a large portion of the 
alkali has been taken ; it acts by rendering the vomit- 
ing easy and free, and partly by converting the alkali 
into a soap. 

ANTIMONY. 

The preparation of this mineral by which poisoning 
is commonly produced, is Emetic Tartar. This of 
itself produces violent vomiting, and therefore our first 
efforts should be directed to keeping up the emesis by 
means of mild diluents and mucilaginous preparations. 
Its antidotes are the alkalies, bitter and astringent 
infusions, such as common tea, Peruvian bark, the 
Yellow Bark and its tincture— the administration 



240 poisons. 

of the bark in pcnvder, before the decoction is ready, 
&c. &c. These, and especially the bark, decompose 
the antimonial salt. Where the vomiting is excessive, 
opium will often assist in allaying it. 

ARSENIC. 

Until lately there has been no known antidote to 
this deadly poison, and our sole dependence has been 
upon mild diluents, albumen, (such as the whites of 
eggs suspended in milk) or warm water and sugar. 
Various substances have been proposed as antidotes, 
but without success. It is best first (if vomiting has 
been delayed) to give an emetic of the Sulphate of 
Lime, and milk should be drunk liberally both before 
and after the vomiting has begun. The patient should 
never be allowed to exhaust his strength in retching, 
without some milk or other fluid in his stomach to 
act on. 

The hydrated peroxide of iron, freshly prepared, 
was announced in the year 1834, by Dr. Bunsen of 
Gottingen, as an antidote for poisoning by Arsenic; 
and its efficacy has been confirmed by M. M. Orfila, 
Lesueur, Soubiain and Miguel, and also in this city 
by various chemists, and by experiments upon the 
inferior animals. The antidote is thus prepared. 

Hydrated Peroxide of Iron. 

R. Sulphuric acid (67° Baume) 8 oz. - - 16 parts. 

Iron wire - - 8 oz. - 16 " 

Nitric acid - (49° Baume) 5| oz. - 11 " 

Water of Ammonia - q. s. 

Water - -' H gal. - - 384 " 



Mix the Sulphuric Acid with the water in a glass 
vessel; then add the iron, and after the effervescence has 
ceased, filter. Add the Nitric Acid in divided portions. 



poisons. 241 

and apply heat so long as orange-coloured fumes are 
given off. To the heated solution, pour in the "Water 
of Ammonia until a decided excess has been added, 
then wash the precipitate by decantation, until the 
washings give no precipitate with Nitrate of Baryta. 
The w r ater is then to be drawn off until just enough 
remains to give the consistence of thick cream. 

Bottles of half a pint are the most convenient size 
for containing it ; to each bottle add two ounces of un- 
crystallizable sugar or honey to prevent the oxide from 
separating from the water. 

The following direction will enable the most igno- 
rant to use this antidote until medical advice can be 
obtained. " This antidote must be administered as 
soon as possible after the discovery that arsenic has 
been taken, and as it causes no bad effects itself, it 
should be given every five or ten minutes, until 
entire relief is obtained. The dose for a grown 
person is a table-spoonful; for children a tea-spoonful. 
The bottle must be well shaken before each dose. 

Should the patient survive (and he will, if the antidote 
prepared as above be faithfully given) the inflamma- 
tory symptoms must be combated on the general prin- 
ciples for treating inflammations. The diet should 
consist exclusively of milk, gruel, cream, rice and si- 
milar bland articles. 

In a case of poisoning in this city, where half an 
ounce of the powdered arsenic had been taken and 
which caused extreme thirst and vomiting, all the 
symptoms were allayed immediately after freely taking 
the Hydrated peroxide of Iron. Only a slight attack 
of Gastritis followed, which was subdued by the usual 
treatment, cupping, &c. &c. 



B. 

BARYTES. 

The carbonate of this earth is poisonous, and might 
possibly be taken by mistake. Its true antidote is sul- 
31 



242 poisons. 

phate of magnesia or soda ; with these a sulphate of 
barytes is formed, which is perfectly insoluble, and 
may be brought off by emetics and copious diluents, 
oleaginous or albuminous. 



COPPER. 

The sulphate of this metal is, perhaps, the only 
chemical preparation that is likely to be taken into the 
stomach. A more ordinary manner is the careless use 
of culinary vessels, or mineral water fountains. All 
saccharine preparations, and the prussiates of potash 
and iron are considered as antidotes. But our safest 
reliance is upon albumen, with copious draughts of 
warm milk, and brown sugar or molasses. Vinegar in 
all cases should be avoided. 

G. 
GOLD. 

The nitro-muriate of gold is a powerful poison. Its 
antidotes are sulphate of iron, (which throws down the 
gold in a metallic state,) and the free use of mucila- 
ginous drinks. 

L. 

LAUDANUM. 

Laudanum, when taken in too large quantity, must 
be withdrawn from the stomach by active emetics, or 
by tickling the fauces. The stomach-tube may be 
used to remove whatever remains of the poison. Di- 
luted vegetable acids, and vinegar in particular, are 
then necessary, and active stimulants are also often 



poisons. 243 

required. Iodine, bromine and chlorine are stated by 
M. Donne, of Paris, to be antidotes for poisoning by 
mix vomica and opium. M. Orfila thinks that the de- 
coction of galls may with propriety be used as an im- 
perfect antidote, until the narcotic can be evacuated 
from the stomach. 

LEAD. 

The acetate is the only preparation which is resorted 
to as a poison. The sulphate of magnesia or soda is 
its true antidote, as it converts the poison into a sul- 
phate, which is inert; — the alkaline carbonates and 
particularly the bi-carbonates. Phosphate of soda is 
also a good antidote. If the patient does not vomit, it 
is best to give an emetic of the sulphate of zinc. 

M. 

MERCURY. 

All the preparations of this metal are poisonous, and 
corrosive sublimate in particular. Our chief and only 
dependence, according to M. Orfila, is upon the al- 
bumen of eggs, copiously swallowed, or introduced 
through the stomach tube, which should be resorted to 
on all occasions where the patient cannot swallow or 
vomit. Enemata of the same should also be employed. 

If the albumen be taken in sufficient quantities, it 
decomposes the sublimate, forming a triple compound 
of albumen, muriatic r acid and calomel. If the re- 
medy excite fresh vomiting, so much the better, and if 
symptoms of gastritis are present, blood-letting should 
not be overlooked. 

The gluten of wheat flour is also strongly recommend- 
ed, on the same principle, as an antidote to corrosive 
sublimate. To administer it, it is only requisite to mix 
the flour with water. The quantity taken must be 



244 poisons. 

very considerable. This remedy reduces the muriate 
to the state of calomel. 

Gluten of wheat flour is best given in the form of 
an emulsion with soft soap— thus : by mixing partly 
in a mortar and partly with the hand, 5 or 6 parts of 
fresh gluten with 50 parts of soft soap. 

When neither albumen or gluten is at hand, milk is 
a good substitute. 



N. 

NARCOTICS. 

The remedies employed in all cases of poisoning from 
this class of substances, are nearly the same, viz: the 
most active emetics, as sulphate of zinc in large doses, 
sulphate of copper and ipecacuanha. In all cases 
where it is possible, the stomach tube should be em- 
ployed to wash out that organ. After these evacua- 
tions, coffee and the vegetable acids are proper. 

NITRE. 

This salt is often taken in mistake for Epsom or 
Glauber's salts. When this happens, vomiting should 
be excited as speedily as possible, and be followed by 
the free use of mucilaginous drinks. 

O. 
OPIUM. 

We cannot do better in this place than transcribe 
what Dr. T. R. Beck, of Albany, says of the antidotes to 
opium. 

" The experiments of Orfila have demonstrated that 



poisons. 245 

the administration of vinegar, or other vegetable acids, 
previous to the evacuation of the poison by vomiting, 
will accelerate and aggravate the action of the opium ; 
but that when the opium has previously been expelled, 
water acidulated with vinegar, or any other vegetable 
acid, will tend to diminish and correct the effects. Cof- 
fee, when prepared in strong decoction or infusion, ra- 
pidly lessens the symptoms, but cannot be considered 
as an antidote. The result of his experiments led 
him to give the following directions for the treatment 
of a person poisoned by opium. Induce vomiting, if 
possible, with sulphate of zinc, or sulphate of copper : 
but the administration of watery liquors with the view 
of promoting the vomiting, should be forbidden, as 
they dissolve the opium and promote its absorption. 
In order to ensure the action of the emetic, the patient 
must be kept roused either by discharging cold water 
over the head and breast, yet cold affusion must be avoid- 
ed in the advanced stage, when the body is cold, and 
the breathing scarcely perceptible. To ensure success 
in every case, the patient must be kept awake, either by 
dragging him up and down between two men, or by 
flagellation on the back and soles of the feet. Arti- 
ficial respiration may be used in desperate cases with 
propriety. Bleed the patient immediately after the 
rejection of the poison, and repeat this if necessary. 
Afterwards administer alternately water acidulated 
with any vegetable acid, and a strong infusion of cof- 
fee warmed — and in ten or twelve hours exhibit an 
enema, and let the arms and legs of the patient be well 
rubbed. Purgative clysters should be continued, if it 
be suspected that any of the opium still remains in the 
large intestines." — Dr. Beck's Med. Jurisprudence, Vol. 
II. p. 403. 

OXALIC ACID. 

Death is generally sudden when this poison has been 
taken. A mixture of chalk and water is recommended 



246 poisons. 

by Dr. Thompson, for the purpose of converting the 
acid into oxalate of lime. The alkalies must be 
avoided, as they act with an energy very little inferior 
to the acid itself. 

It is particularly necessary to avoid giving warm 
water with a view to accelerate vomiting; for dilution 
will promote the entrance of the poison into the blood, 
if it has not the effect of immediately expelling it. 

S. 

SILVER. 

The nitrate of this metal is sometimes taken by 
mistake: its antidote is common salt, largely given, 
with copious draughts of mucilaginous drinks to pro- 
mote vomiting. The salt produces an insoluble mu- 
riate which has no power on the system. Beck. 

T. 

TIN. 

When any of the salts of tin are taken, albumen of 
eggs, or milk given freely, is the appropriate remedy. 
Milk forms a coagulum with the muriate of tin, and 
renders it innoxious. 

Z. 

ZINC. 

The sulphate of this metal is occasionally taken in 
an over-dose. Warm water and emollient drinks are 
proper in such cases ; but milk is particularly useful, 
from its power of decomposing the sulphate. Also al- 
bumen. 



poisons. 247 

The crystallized sulphate of zinc very closely re- 
sembles the sulphate of magnesia, and has been mistaken 
for it. This fact should be borne in mind by apo- 
thecaries and physicians. 

The following works have been referred to in forming this Chapter 
on Poisons. A Treatise on Poisons, by Robert Christison, M. D. 
Turner's Chemistry. Manuel de Medeeine Legale, par A. Brierre de 
Boismont. Orfila, Toxicol. Generale. Henry, Thompson, &c. &c. 



( 2 43 ) 



APPENDIX, NO. III. 



ON THE ENDERMIC USE OF 
MEDICINES. 

" The science of medicine," says Dr. Gerhard,* 
" has recently received an important auxiliary to its 
resources, by the discovery that remedial substances 
when applied to the cutis, after the removal of the epi- 
dermis, produce their peculiar effects with nearly the 
same energy as if introduced into the alimentary canal. 
This mode of exhibition, which has received the name 
of the endermic method, or endermic medication, is al- 
ways found much more efficacious than the ialatreptic 
method of Christien, or the administration of medi- 
cines by means of frictions on the cuticle." 

The endermic method requires the previous separa- 
tion of the cuticle. This is best effected by a blister 
about four inches square. A small portion of the cuti- 
cle should be removed, and the medicine inserted into 
the opening so that it may come in contact with the 
vesicated surface. Substances used in this way, must 
be applied in two or three times the quantity requisite 
when given by the mouth. " The remains of the sub- 
stance applied are much less than the original quantity, 
and sometimes no trace of it can be perceived ; the whole 

* North Amer. Med. and Surg. Journ. April, 1830, 



ON THE ENDERMIC USE OF MEDICINES. 249 

appearing to be absorbed or mingled with the secre- 
tions." 

We avail ourselves of Dr. Gerhard's valuable paper 
for the following facts in relation to those medicines 
which act most effectually in the endermic method. 

Sulphate of Quinia. — Blister to be applied to the 
epigastrium during the apyrexia; and if the paroxysm 
returns before the quinia can be used, defer it until the 
next apyrexia. Apply four grains of powdered quinia, 
(either alone or with an equal quantity of starch,) four 
times a-day, for two successive days. A less irritating- 
plan, however, is to dissolve sixteen grains of quinine in 
two ounces of water, with which the blistered surface 
is to be repeatedly wet during the day, by means of a 
soft linen cloth. There is no occasion to remove the 
loose epidermis; it is all-sufficient to puncture it in se- 
veral places to allow the solution to touch the denuded 
surface. 

Morphia. — The acetate and. sulphate act readily and 
effectually. The sulphate is preferable because more 
soluble and less irritating. It may be applied in pow- 
der, in solution, or in the form of cerate.— The dose 
varies from half a grain to two grains. Its effects are 
speedily perceptible. 

Digitalis. — Dose, two grains three times a-day. 

Aloes. — This medicine acts on the bowels with near- 
ly the same certainty as if taken internally. Dose, ten 
grains, to be repeated, if necessary, in a few hours. 

Gamboge, owing to its solubility, purges freely in the 
endermic method. Dose from five to eight grains. 

Rhubarb, Jalap, Elaterium and Croton Oil, contrary 
to what might be expected, do not produce catharsis, 
although they excite severe local irritation. 

Squills. — This medicine in powder, sprinkled on a 
blistered surface three times a-day in the quantity of 
•four grains at each application, causes copious diuresis. 
Its power is increased by combination with Digitalis, in 
the proportion of four grains of the former to one of the 
latter. 

32 



250 ON THE ENDERMIC USE OF MEDICINES. 

Emetics from the vegetable kingdom all produce their 
effect in the endermic method. The metallic medi- 
cines of this class produce merely local irritation. 

Mercury. — Every practitioner is well aware of the 
endermic action of mercury. 

Iodine. — This substance acts rapidly : it is best ap- 
plied in the form of ointment, made by rubbing a 
drachm with an ounce of cerate. 



INDEX. 



A. 

Absorbents, 222. 

Acetate of ammonia, 49, 162. 

of ammonia, embrocation, 107. 
of ammonia and camphor, 206. 
of ammonia and opium, 206. 
of lead with calomel, 201. 
of lead with opium, 201, 202. 

217. 
of lead, epithem of, 218. 
of mercury, 152. 
of morphia, 142. 148. 
of zinc, injection of, 211. 
Acorn coffee, 184. 
Acid, prussic, 80. 

sulphuric, 166. 
nitrous, 198. 
nitro-muriatic, 198. 
nitric, 37. 198. 
pyroligneous, 209. 
linctus of muriatic, 187. 
Acids considered as poisons, 239. 
Aloes with canella, 26. 88. 

with rhubarb and soap, 31. 
with gentian, 31.186. 
with ipecacuanha, 32. 
with asafoetida and soap, 32. 
with blue pill, 33. 
with guaiacum and rhubarb, 34. 
Alcohol with lime water, (lotion,) 191. 
Alkalies considered as poisons, 239. 
Alkaline bath, 124. 
Alteratives, 188. 
Althea collyrium, 208. 
Aloetic enema, 100. 
Almond emulsion with squills, 75. 
Alum, burnt, 124. 

with kino, 200. 

with opium, 201. 

with extract of bark, 202. 216. 

whey, 216. 

curd, 205. 

collyrium of, 205. 



Alum and sulphate of zinc, 21. 

with oak bark, (gargle,) 212. 

213. 
with spirits of nitre, 186. 
with calomel, 220. 
Ammoniated counter-irritants, 106. 
Ammonia, nitrate of, 67. 

carbonate of, with valerian, 

134. 
acetate of, 48. 64. 
muriate of, with arsenic, &c. 

175. 
muriate of, injection, 211. 
Amber oil, 1 1 6. 

salt with castor, 156. 
Ammoniac mixture, 84. 

and squills, 77. 
gum, with squills, 72. 
with conium, 72. 
and nitric acid, 80. 
Ammoniuret of copper, 174. 178. 

of copper, injection of, 
212. 
Anodynes, 141. 
Anodyne draught, 147. 

pills, 64. 
Angustura bark, 171. 185. 
Antacids, 222. 

Anti-emetic mixture, 226. 18. 
Antilithics and lithontriptics, 56. 
Anthelmintics, 95. 
Antidynous lotions, 106. 
Antispasmodics, 156. 
Antimonial wine, 20. 

wine with nitre, &c.*64., 
wine with water of ammo. 

nia, 64. 
wine with tincture'of tolu, 

64. 
powder, 62. 

powder with calomel, &c. 
63. 
Antimony, antidotes of, 239. 



252 



INDEX. 



Aromatic Pills, 133. 

sulphur ointment, 221. 
Arsenic, white oxide of, 124. 197. 

ointment of, 124. 
Arsenic, pills of, 175. 

antidotes to, 240. 
Arsenical solution, 182. 
Arsenious acid, 124. 
Arsenical powder, 125. 
Arseniate of iron, 197. 
Arrow root, 233. 
Asafoetida with magnesia, 35. 

with aloes, 32. 

with tolu, &c. 77. 

milk of, with aq. ammonias. 
78. 

with soap, 156. 

with castor, 158. 

mixture, 158. 

with valerian, &c. 158. 

enema, 159. 
Astringents, 200. 



B. 



Baths, 119. 

Bareges, 120. 
sulphureo-gelatinous, 120. 
nitro-muriatic acid, 120. 
emollient, 120. 
sublimate, 121. 
alkaline, 121. 
artificial Harrowgate, 121. 
Barytes, muriate of, 69. 

antidotes of, 241. 
Balsam copaiva, mixture of, 51. 54. 
copaiva with cubebs, 53. 
copaiva with calomel, 54. 
copaiva with Bolus, 54. 
copaiva with tolu, 78. 
copaiva in pills, 46. 
Peruvian, 210. 79. 
Barley water, 229. 

with muriatic acid, 56. 
with nitre, 69. 
Belladonna, 80. 112.152. 153. 
Beef tea, 234. 

essence of, 235. 
Bismuth with cubebs, 134. 

pills, 175. 
Blake's toothach solution, 213. 
Blister issue, 129. 
Blisters, 102. 
Blue pill, 164. 

Blue pill with jalap and aloes, 29. 
with rhubarb, 29. 
with colocynth, 32. 
with aloes, 33. 



Black wash, 127. 
drop, 151. 
Blood root, 78. 
Boneset, 68. 179. 
Boiled flour, 233. 
Boracic acid, 159. 

Borage flowers with sarsaparilla, 66. 
Bougies, 130. 

Sharp's, 130. 

Dr. Swediaur's, 130. 
Bole with sulph. copper, 211. 

with sulph. zinc, (injection,) 211. 
Borax, (gargle,) 213. 
Brown mixture, 74. 
Bran, decoction of, 229. 
Brucia, pills of, 194. 

tincture of, 194. 
Bromine, 195. 
Bromide of potassium, 195. 

of iron, 195. 
Butternut, extract of, 32. 
Burdock in decoction, 66. 
Burnt sponge, 193. 
Burnt alum, 124. 



C. 



Cathartics, 24. 
Calomel with jalap, 25. 

with jalap and rhubarb, 26. 
with rhubarb, 26. 
with rhubarb and opium, 30. 
with extract of colocynth, 33. 
with squills, 47. 72, 73. 
with squills and digitalis, 47. 
with nitre and tartar emetic, 

60. 
with ipecacuanha, nitre, &c. 

60. 
with opium, 61. 
with opium and antim. powder, 

61, 62. 
with gamboge, 95. 
with pink root, 95. 
with lime water, 157. 
with iodine, 108. 
pills, 151. 

with acetate of lead, 201. 
with laudanum, (injection,) 

184. 
with alum, ointment of, 220. 
with quinia and opium, 196. 
with quinia and tart, antimon., 

220. 
Calves' feet jelly, 234. 
Camphor with emetic tartar, &c. 63. 
with guaiacum, 138. 
mixture, 92. 136. 



INDEX. 



253 



Camphor julep, 123. 

enema, 100. 135. 

and mercury, 104. 

liniment, 113. 

with cantharides, 132. 

in milk, 136. 

with magnesia, 136. 

with myrrh, 137. 

with musk, 157. 

with acetate of ammonia, 65. 

with opium, 204. 

with Hoffman's anodyne, 150. 

cinchona, 172. 

with nitric acid, &c. 203. 

water with laudanum, &c. 

204. 
with magnesia, 225. 
Canella with aloes, 26. 
Carbonate of soda with ipecacuanha, 
76. 
of soda with rhubarb, 223. 
of soda with magnesia, 223. 
of soda with gentian, 227. 
of potash with cochineal, 76. 
of potash, 87, 224. 
of potash with opium, &c. 

224 226. 
of iron,' 96,157,172. 
Castor oil, 34. 

with spirits of turpentine, 35. 
enema of, 42. 
Catechu and alum, 202. 
injection of, 210. 
electuary, 204. 
mixture, 216. 
with logwood, 216 
Castor with amber, 156. 

with asafoetida, 158. 
Cantharides, Dewees's tincture of, 92. 
with spirits of turpentine, 

111. 
liniment of, 113. 
with camphor, 133. 
Cataplasm, antiseptic, 119. 

of pepper, &c. 116. 
of mustard, 117. 
of garlic, 117. 
of yeast, 118. 
of carbon, 118. 
of iodine, 117. 
of salt, 118. 
of y est, 118. 
antiseptic, 119. 
resolvent, 119. 
Caustics, 123. 
Caustic potash, 123. 
lunar, 123. 
Cayenne pepper and alcohol, 116. 



Cayenne pepper infusion, 130. 
in pills, 132. 
Charcoal, 29. 
Chicken water, 235. 
Chamomile infusion, 185. 
Chiococca anguifuga, 57. 
Chocolate, 233. 
Chalk with opium, 222. 
with rhubarb, 222. 
mixture, 203, 224. 
Cherry tree bark, 173. 
Chloride of soda, lotion of, 218. 
Chlorine fumigation, 87, 122. 
Cider with parsley, &c, 48. 
Cinchona, 170. 

with uva ursi, 55. 
with serpentaria, 171. 
with sulph. magnesia, 171. 
with cloves, 171. 
with camphor, 172. 
with Epsom salts, 159. 
extract of, with gentian, 173. 
electuary, 177. 
tincture of, 183. 
decoction of, 179,181. 
in Port wine, 181. 
with valerian, 184. 
extract of, enema of, 187. 
with lime water, 216. 
extract of, 182. 
lotion, 219. 
Cinchonia, 173. 
Cinchonina, 181. 
Citrate of ammonia, 67. 

of potash, 63. 
Cicuta. See Conium. 
Cloves, 118. 
Copaiva. See Balsam. 
Colchicum wine 39, 52. 

with Epsom salts, 40. 
with magnesia, 39. 
with elaterium, &c, 41. 
with squills and tobacco, 50. 
Cochineal with common salt, 96. 
with carb. potash, 76. 
Confection of sulphur, 32. 
Conium with tolu, paregoric, &c, 75. 
with ipecacuanha, 71. 
with hyoscyamus, 143. 
extract of, 144. 
with calomel, 145. 
with squills, 72. 
infusion of, 152. 
Collyrium, opiate, 205. 

of alum, &c, 205. 
of vinegar, 206. 
of acetate of ammonia and 
camphor, 206. 



254 



INDEX, 



Collyrium, of acetate of ammonia and 
opium, 206. 
of sulphate of copper, 207. 
of corrosive sublimate, 207. 
of opium and camphor, 207. 
of poppies, 207. 
of nitrate of silver, 208. 
of sugar, 205. 
of mercury, 205. 
of dry opium, 205. 
of acetate of zinc, 206, 
of acetate of lead, 206. 
of ioduret of potassium, 206. 
of strychnine, 208. 
emolient, 208. 
anodyne, 208. 
of colchicum, 208. 
Colocynth with calomel, 33. 

with antimony, &c, 33, 34. 
Confection of sulphur, 33. 
of opium, 160. 
Corrosive sublimate and lime water, 
126. 
pills, 161. 
with hemlock, 1 62. 
mixture of, 165. 
solution of, 165, 

166. 
collyrium of, 207. 
injection of, 210. 
Cowhage electuary, 97. 
Coxe's hive sirup, 23, 75. 
Copper, sulphate of, 175. 

ammoniuret of 174, 178. 
sulph. of, with bole, 211. 
sulphate, collyrium of, 207. 
antidotes of, 242. 
Cough lozenges, 73. 
mixture, 74. 
Columbo with ginger, 172, 183. 
with rhubarb, 172, 183. 
with magnesia, 223. 
mixture of, 226. 
Croton oil, pills of, 31. 

mixture of, 36. 
with potash, 36. 
Cream of tartar in solution, 48. 

with juniper berries, 49. 
and sulphur, 27. 
Creosote liniment, 115. 
ointment, 112. 
pills, 202. 
mixture, 203. 
alcoholic solution of, 203. 
Crabs' claws with rhubarb, 195. 
Cretaceous powder and opium, 222. 
Cubebs with copaiva, 53. 
with ergot, 47. 



Cubebs lozenges, 75. 

with bismuth, 134. 

with carb. of soda, 134. 
Cyanide of potassium, 83. 
of mercury, 163. 

D. 

Dandelion, infusion of, 55. 
pills, 47. 

with blue mass, 47. 
Denarcotized laudanum, 150. 
Decoction of burdock, 67. 
of cainca, 51. 
of pipsisseway, 55. 
of madder, 91. 
of cantharides, 111. 
of mezereon, 67. 
of lobelia, 67. 
of sarsaparilla, 68. 
of barley, 229. 
of barley, with nitre, 69. 
of Iceland moss, 81. 
of seneka root, 84, 90. 
of aloes, 39. 
of Geoffrea bark, 98. 
of pomegranate, 100. 
of turpentine and cantha- 
rides, 111. 
of sponge, 193. 
of bitter sweet, 152. 
-of stramonium, in milk, 153. 
of cinchona 179. 
of cinchona with valerian, 

184. 
of Augustura bark, 185. 
of wild cherry bark, 185. 
of dogwood, 186. 
of bran, 229. 
Dewees's tincture of guaiacum, 92. 
tincture of cantharides, 94. 
carminative, 35. 
Deuto-iodide of mercury, 132, 168. 
Dietetic preparations, 228. 
Digitalis with opium and calomel, 46. 
with squills and colomel, 47. 
and acetate of potash, 51. 
tincture of, with opium, &c, 

77. 
with opium, 144. 
tincture of, 151. 
infusion and tincture of, 50. 
Diaphoretics, 59. 
Diuretics, 45. 
Diuretic drops of Ferriar, 49. 

liniment 51. 
Doses of laudanum, 147. 
Dover's powders, 61. 



INDEX. 



255 



Dogwood bark, infusion of, 186. 
Dulcamara, decoction of, 152, 
Dupuytren's antisipiiilitic pills, 162. 
Dyspeptic lie, 225. 



Effervescing draught, 64. 
Elaterium with nitre and squills, 41. 
Electuary of senna and figs, 34. 

of Jalap, nitre, &c, 41. 
of sulphur and senna, 42. 
of tin, 97. 
of cowhage, 97. 
of cinchona, iron, &c. 177. 
of catechu, 204. 
Elixir paregoric, 151. 

vitriol with sulph. of iron, 171. 
Embrocations, 114. 
Emetics, 18. 
Emetina lozenges, 21, 74. 

solution of, 21. 
Emmenagogues, 88. 
Emulsion of phosphorus, 137. 
Endermic use of medicines, 248. 
Enema of castor oil, salts, <fec, 43. 
of Epsom salts and oil, 43. 
of colocynth and manna, 43. 
of spirit of turpentine, 43. 
of Epsom salts and senna, 44. 
of tartar emetic, 44. 
of tobacco, 44. 
of aloes, 100. 
of camphor, 100. 
of opium, 153. 
of laudanum, 154. 
of asafcetida, 159. 
of musk, 160. 

of extract of bark, &c, 187. 
of quinine, 187. 
of bark and lime water, 216. 
of catechu and lime water, 217. 
of sugar of lead, 217. 
Epsom salts with tartar emetic, 28, 38. 
with senna and manna, 

38, 39. 
with nitric acid, 37. 
with colchicum, 40. 
Epithem of tincture of cantharides, 115. 
of camphor, and carb. 

ammonia, 116. 
of acetate of lead, 218. 
Epispastic ointment, 104. 
Epispastics, 102. 
Ergot, 89, 91. 

and cubebs, 47. 
powder of, 89. 
infusion, 91. 



Ergot decoction, 9L 

sirup of, 91. 
Essence of beef, 235. 
Escharotics, 123. 
Ether with iodine, 128. 

with laudanum, 159. 
Epectorants, 70. 
Extract of hyoscyamus, 152. 

of stramonium, 143. 

of conium, 144. 

of belladonna, 152. 

of bark with gentian, 173. 

of quassia and gentian, 173. 

of cinchona, &,c, 187. 

of cinchona with alum, 216. 

of logwood with catechu, 188. 
Euphorbia, oil of, 36. 



Febrifuge bolus, 174. 
Ferriar's hydragogue cathartic, 55. 
Ferro-cyanate of quinia, 180. 
Fig electuary, 34, 
Flaxseed infusion, 81. 
Fothergill's pills, 33. 
Fowler's solution in mixture, 182. 
Fomentation, 119, 121. 
Fumigation of chlorine, 87, 122. 
of tar, 85. 



G. 

Gamboge with nitre, &c, 52. 
with jalap, &c, 26. 
with calomel, 95. 
Garlic cataplasm, 117. 
Gargle of galls and alcohol, 212. 
of oak bark, &c, 212. 
of sulphate of zinc, 213. 
of borax, &c, 213. 
of pomegranate, 214. 
of brandy, 212. 
of quinia, 213. 
of muriatic acid, 214. 
detergent, 214. 
mercurial, 215. 
acetous, 215. 
of acetate of lead, 215, 
Galls, infusion of, 215, 217. 
sirup of, 217. 
ointment of, 220. 
Gelatinous bath, 120. 
Gentianin, 188. 
Gentian with aloes, 31, 186, 
with magnesia, 56. 



256 



INDEX. 



Gentian with quassia, 176. 

with sulphuric acid, 182. 
infusion of, 188. 
GeofFrea bark, 98. 
Gold, nitro-muriate of, 177. 

antidotes of, 242. 
Ginger draught, 136. 

with columbo, 172. 
Goulard's extract, 218. 
Granville's ammoniated lotions, 106. 
Griffith's myrrh mixture, 178. 
Griffins' pills, 28. 
Gruel, water, 231. 

rice, 231. 
Guaiacum with aloes and rhubarb, 34. 
volatile tincture of, 92. 
with tartar emetic, &c, 65. 
Dewees's tincture of, 92. 
with camphor, 138. 
Gum ammoniac mixture, 83. 

with squills, 77. 



II. 



Hartshorn jelly, 234. 
Hellebore, tincture of, 92. 

with myrrh, &c, 92. 
with savin, 92. 
Hemlock mixture, 146. 
See Conium. 
Hive sirup, 23, 75. 
Hiera picra, 27, 88, 94. 

tincture of, 94. 
Honey with borax, 213. 
Hoffman's anodyne, 158. 
Hooper's pills, 50. 
Hop, tincture of, 149. 
infusion of, 186. 
Hope's mixture, 204. 
Huxham's tincture of bark, &c. 179. 
Hydrogogue draught, 55. 
Hydrocyanic acid, 81, 82. 
Hydrocyanate of potash, 83. 
Hyoscyamus with ipecac, 143. 

with turpentine, 98. 
with conium, 143. 
pills of, 143. 
infusion of, 142. 
and myrrh, 73. 
Hydriodate of potash, 91. 

ointment of, 109 
Hydragogue draught, 52. 
Hydrated peroxide of iron, 240. 

I & J. 

Jalap with cream of tartar, ^6, 11, 
with gamboge, 26. 



Jalap with extr. of butternut, 32. 

with squills, 49. 
Iceland moss, 80. 
Inhalation, 84. 
Infusion of parsley, 49. 

of juniper berries, &c, 49. 

of digitalis, 50. 

of digitalis with tine, digit, 50. 

of uva ursi, 52. 

of senega, 74. 

of flaxseed, 81. 

of ergot, 90. 

ofpinkroot, 98. 

of wild cherry bark, 185. 

of gentian with magnesia, 56. 

ofboneset, 68, 179, 186. 

of pleurisy root, 68. 

of pipsisseway, 69. 

of malt, 230. 

of flaxseed 80. 

of dandelion, 53. 

of pink root, 96. 

of galls, &c, 215. 

of sassafras, 126. 

of logwood, 215. 

of Cayenne pepper, 139. 

of cloves, 139. 

of ginger, 140. 

of conium, 152. 

of hyoscyamus, 152. 

of columbo and ginger, 172. 

of quassia, 184. 

of chamomile, 185. 

of serpentaria, 185. 

of hops, 186. 

of cinchona with lime water, 

187. • 
of gentian, 188. 
of seneka with ipecac, &c. 74. 
Injections per anum. See Enemata. 

for gonorrhoea, 209. 
Injection of ammoniuret of copper, 212. 
of sulphate of zinc, 210. 
of corrosive sublimate, 210. 
of same with mur. ammonia, 

211. 
of acetate of zinc, 211. 
of sulphate of zinc and bole, 

211. 
of sulph. of copper, 211. 
of tea, 212. 
for the ear, viz. 
of pyroligneous acid, &c, 

209, 210. 
of infusion of catechu, 210. 
of Peruvian balsam and Ox- 
gall, 210. 
Iodate of zinc, ointment of, 109. 



INDEX. 



257 



Iodate of zinc, 109. 
Iodo-hydrargyrate of potassium, 191. 
Iodine, tincture of, 93. 190. 
ointment, 110. 
liniment, 110. 
ethereal tincture of, 189. 
compound tincture of, 189. 
endermic use of, 250. 
and calomel, 108. 
waters, 191. 
inhalation, 87. 
cataplasm, 117. 
Iodide of potassium, 93. 189. 190. 

ointment of, 110. 
of arsenic, 111. 
of sulphur, 111. 
of mercury, 163. 
of iron, 190. 
Ioduretted iodide of potassium, 190, 191. 
ether, 191. 
waters, 192. 
Ipecacuanha, 18. 22. 

with tartar emetic, 18. 19. 

with rhubarb, 19. 

with squills, 21. 

with aloes, 32. 

with calomel and opium, 

60, 61. 
with guaiacum, nitre, &c, 

60. 
with myrrh, 70. 
pills, 73. 

with hyoscyamus, 143. 
wine with antimony, 19. 
Iron, sulphate of. See Sulphate of 
Iron, 
muriate of, with aloes, 94. 
carbonate of, 96. 
prussiate of, with guaiacum, 173. 
iodide, 190. 
arseniate of, 197. 
Issues and setons, 128. 
Juniper berries, &c, in cider, 49. 

with cream of tartar, 49. 
oil, 50. 

K. 

Kentish ointment, 112. 
Kino with alum, 200. 

with opium, 204. 
Kirkland's neutral cerate, 221. 



Lac sulphuris, 28. 
ammoniac, 80. 
Lactucarium, 142. 

33 



Laudanum, graduated doses of, 147. 

with spirits of turpentine, 

150. 
denarcotized, 150. 
enema, 154. 
with ether, 159. 
antidotes of, 242. 
Laffecteur, rob antisyphilitic of, 66. 
Lemonade, 230. 

Lead, acetate of, with calomel, 177. 
acetate, collyrium of, 206. 
acetate, antidotes of, 243. 
Lime water with alcohol, (lotion,) 218. 
with carbonate of potash, 

58. 
with corrosive sublimate, 

126. 
with calomel, 127. 
with cinchona, 216. 
with chatechu, (enema,) 

217. 
and zinc, (lotion,) 218. 
and linseed oil, 218. 
with milk, 224. 
Liquorice with guaiacum, &c, 59. 
Lithontriptics, 56. 

Liniment, of ammonia and turpentine, 
105. 
with camphor, 113. 
with soap, 113. 
of oil of amber, 116. 
with ammonia and oil, 113. 
of creosote, 115. 
of oil of amber, 116. 
with ammonia and tartar 

emetic, 106. 
of cantharides, 113. 
of opium, 114. 
of tar, 115. 
Linctus, white, 76. 

of spt. of turpentine, 137. 
Lozenges, of emetina, 21. 

of liquorice, opium, &c, 73. 
Logwood, infusion of, 215, 216. 
Lotion of lime water, zinc, &c„218. 
of same and alcohol, 218, 
of myrrh, 127. 
antipsoric, 127. 
Lobelia, 67. 22. 

inflata, 22. 
LugoPs iodine ointment, 110, 
Lupulin pills, 142. 

tincture of, 149. 
Lunar caustic, 123. 

M. 

Magnesia with rhubarb, 25. 38. 



258 



INDEX. 



Magnesia opium and asuicctida, 35. 
with sulphur, 27. 
with Epsom salts, 37. 
with colchicum wine, 52. 
with infusion of gentian, 58. 
with fennel seed, 223, 
with carbonate of soda, 223. 
with columbo, 223. 
with aqua ammonia, 225, 
Madder, 89. 91. 
Marsh-reed grass, 66. 
Male fern, 96. 
Malt, infusion of, 230, 
Mezereon, 67. 
Mercury, acetate of, 162. 

sulphuret of, with serpenta- 

ria, 62, 
with chalk and ipecacuanha, 

164. 
sulphate of, 164, 
red oxide of, 165. 
protoiodide of, 109. 163. 
cyanide of, 112, 162, 
deuto-iodide of, 132, 
cyanuret of, 169. 
antidotes of, 243, 
Mercurial plaster, 104, 

ointment with camphor, 166. 
cerate, 112, 
solution, 165. 
gargle, 215. 
pills, 164. 
ointment, 166. 
lotion, 167. 
collyrium, 178. 
Mineral acids, 124. 198. 
Morphia with tolu, 84. 

sulphate of, 142. 
acetate of, 142. 
Mosely's solution, 21. 
Monesia, 204. 
Moxa, 125. 

Mucilage of starch, 235. 
Mustard draught, 21. 

cataplasm, 117. 
fomentation, 122, 
seed, 138. 
whey, 139. 
Muriatic acid and barley water, 58. 
with nitric acid, 189, 
linctus of, 214. 
Muriate of barytes, 69. 

of iron with aloes, &c, 94. 
of iron, tincture of, 183. 
of soda with cochineal, 93. 
of ammonia with arsenic, &c, 

175. 
of ammonia with iron, &c. 164. 



Muriate of ammonia, injection of, 211. 
Muriated tincture of iron, 183. 
Mugwort, 125. 
Musk and camphor pills, 156. 

with sub-carbonate of ammonia, 

157. 
enema, 160. 
mixture, 158. 
Myrrh with henbane, 73. 

with sulphate of iron, 89. 
with hellebore, 89. 
with ipecacuanha, 70. 
lotion, 127. 
with camphor, 137. 
mixture, Griffith's, 178. 
with zinc, 71. 



N, 



Narcotics, 141. 

antidotes of, 244. 
Neutral mixture, 62, 63. 

certate, Kirkland's, 221. 
Nitric acid with Epsom salts, 37. 
acid diluted, 198. 
lac ammoniac, 80. 
with camphor, 203. 
Nitrate of silver, 123. 

of silver, pills of, 177. 
of silver, collyrium of, 208. 
of potash with tartar emetic, 59. 
of potash with guaiacum, &c, 
60. 65. 
Nitre with barley water, 69. 
antidotes of, 244. 
with calomel and ipecacuanha, 71 
Nitro-muriatic acid, 198. 
Nitro-muriate of gold, 177. 
Nitrous powders, 59. 62. 

acid with laudanum, 167. 
Nut galls, infusion of, 215. 
Nux vomica powders, 145. 
resin of, 145. 
tincture of, 146. 



O. 

Oak bark gargle, 212. 
Oil of amber with tolu, 76. 
of juniper, 50. 
of turpentine, 58. 137. 150. 
of wormseed, 99. 
camphorated, 115. 

liniment, 116. 
Ointment of tartar emetic, 105. 
of arsenic, 113. 



INDEX. 



259 



Ointment of red precipitate, 126. 

of white precipitate, 12S. 
of iodine and calomel, 108. 
of iodide of zinc, 109. 
of hydriodate of potash, 109. 
of iodine and potassium, 109, 

110. 
of ioduretted iodide of potas- 
sium, 110. 
of iodide of arsenic, 111. 
of cyanide and mercury, 110, 

111. 
of iodide of sulphur, 111. 
of bromium, 111. 
of creosote, 112. 
of belladonna, 112. 
of sulphur, 112. 
Kentish, 111. 
of gall nuts, 220. 
of oxide of zinc, 220. 
of rhubarb and. opium, 220. 
of tar and opium, 221. 
comp. and sulph. 221. 
of protoiodide of mercury, 

109. 
of iodide of zinc, 109, 
of belladonna. 152. 
of alum and calomel, 220. 
Oleaginous mixture, 34. 
Olive oil with ammonia, 99. 
Opium with nitre, &c, 60. 

with guaiacum, nitre, &c, 60. 
with ipecacuanha, &c, 61. 
with calomel and ipecacuanha, 

61. 
with camphor, &c, 204. 
liniment, 114. 
with soap in pills, 141. 
with hyoscyamus, 142. 
with digitalis, 46. 144. 
enema, 153. 
with lime water, 154. 
suppository, 154. 
plaster, 154. 

with acetate of lead, 201, 202. 
antidotes of, 244. 
with quinia and calomel, 196. 
Opiate confection, 144. 160. 
mixture, 146. 
collyrium, 147. 
enema, 153. 
Oxide of bismuth, 175. 
of zinc, 176.218, 
of arsenic, 124. 
of zinc, ointment of, 220, 
Oxalic acid, antidotes of, 245. 



P. 



Paregoric with cicuta, &c. 75. 
with squills, 74. 
elixir, 151. 
Parsley infusion, 49. 
Panado, 231. 
Pea issue, 129. 
Peruvian bark. See Cinchona. 

balsam for the ear, 2]Qv 
Pellitory, 166. 
Pectoral mixture, 82, 
Phosphoric acid, 126. 
Phosphorous emulsion, 137. 
Phosphate of soda, 28. 
Pipsisseway, 55. 
Piperina with gentian, 175. 
Pink root with calomel, 95. 
with savin, 96.. 
infusion, 98. 
Plummet's pills, 64. 
Pleurisy root, 68. 
Plaster, warm, 119. 

of mercury, 104. 
of opium, 154. 

of mercurial ointment, &c. 104. 
of tartar emetic, 105. 
Poppies, collyrium of, 207. 
Pomegranate bark, 100. 

gargle, 214. 
Potash, sub-carb. of, with lime water, 
58. 
caustic, 114. 
Potassium, cyanide of, 83_ 113. 

iodide of, 190. 
Pommade ammoniacale, 107. 
Poultices. See Cataplasm. 
Poisons, 238. 
Protoiodide of mercury with morphia, 

129. 
Protoiodide of mercury, 109. 163. 
Prunes, decoction of, 38. 
Prussic acid solution, 81, 82. 

mixture, 82. 
Prussiate of iron and guaiacum, 173. 
Pyroligneous acid, 209. 

mixture of, 182. 



Q. 



Quassia, infusion of, &c. 184. 

pills of extract of, 176. 

with ammoniuret of copper* 

165. 
with serpentaria, 172. 



260 



INDEX. 



Quinia pills, 173. 

with carbonate of ammonia, 

174. 
in sirup, 179. 
in mixture, 180. 
with calomel, &c. 196. 
with blue mass, &c. 197. 
enema, 187. 
gargle, 213. 



Red precipitate ointment, 168. 
Rhatany root, 202. 217. 
Rhubarb with calomel, 25, 26. 

with soap, 29, 30. 

with aloes, 31. 

with sulphate of iron, 30. 

with magnesia, 26. 

with ipecacuanha, 128. 

with columbo, 170. 

with opium, (ointment,) 220. 

with chalk, 222. 

with carbonate of soda, 223. 
Rennet whey, 236. 
Rice water, 229. 
gruel, 231. 
Rob antisyphilitique of Laffecteur, 66. 
Rubefacients, 104. 



S. 



Sage tea, 230. 
Saline mixture, 62. 
Sarsaparilla decoction, 68. 

with senna, &c. 66. 
beer, 236. 
Sago, 232. 

Sal aeratus with Seltzer water, 57. 
Salep powders, 232. 
Salicine, 173. 
Savin with ginger, &c. 89. 

with cantharides, 89. 

with hellebore, 92. 

with pink root, 93. 

with acetate of copper, 128. 
Sassafras infusion, 126. 
Scuddamore's gout mixture, 40. 
Seltzer water, 55. 

Serpentaria with sulphuret of mercury, 
63. 
infusion of, 185. 
Secale cornutum, 89. 91. 
Setons, 128, 129. 
Senna with figs, 34. 

with manna and ealtf?, 37. 



Senna, infusion of, 38. 

infusion of, with rhubarb, 38. 
with pink root, 95. 
Serpentaria, 185. 
Seneka with squills, 23. 
infusion, 74. 
in decoction, 84. 90. 
Seidlitz powders, 28. 
Sialagogues, 161. 
Sirup of galls and brandy, 189. 
Snake root, Virginia. See Serpentaria. 
Soap pills, 57. 

liniment, 113. 
Soda, carbonate of, with gentian, 199. 
chloride of, (lotion.) 191. 
solutio vitriolica, 21. 
phosphate of, 28. 
sub-carb. of, with copaiva, 57. 
Sponge, burnt, 193. 
Spurge, 36. 

Spermaceti mixture, 80. 
Spirits of turpentine, 58. 

with castor oil, 36, 
enema of, 43. 
mixture of, 50. 

124. 
with hartshorn, 

100. 
with ether, 100. 
with cantharides, 

105. 
with laudanum, 

&c. 137. 150. 
linctus of, 137. 
Spice plaster, 117. 
Spurred rye, 89. 91. 
Starch, mucilage of, 235. 
Strychnia pills, 145. 

tincture of, 145. 
draught of, 146. 
acetate of, 193. 
collyrium, 208. 
Stramonium, extract of, 143. 153. 
Stimulants, 132. 
Squills with potash, 45. 
with morphia, 83. 
with calomel, 47. 
with calomel and digitalis, 47. 
with paregoric, &c. 74. 
with colchicum and tobacco, 49. 
with carbonate of potash, &c. 

51. 
with cicuta, &c. 72. 
with calomel and ammoniac, 72. 
with calomel, opium, &c. 73. 
with seneka, 22. 
Steel filings, 176. 



INDEX. 



261 



Sub-carbonate of potash. See Carbo- 
nate of Potash. 
Sugar of lead. See Acetate of Lead. 
Sulphate of copper, 19. 175. 201. 217. 
of copper, pills of, 175. 
of copper with bole, 2.11. 
of copper, collyrium of, 207. 
of copper, injection of, 211. 
of zinc, 19.21. 
of zinc with alum, 20. 
of zinc with myrrh, 71. 
of zinc in pills, 72. 
of zinc, (injection,) 210. 
of zinc, (gargle,) 214. 
of zinc with bole, (injection,) 

211. 
of potash with rhubarb, 27. 
of potash with opium, &c. 60. 
of magnesia. See Epsom 

Salts, 
of alumine with kino, 200. 
of alumine with opium, 201. 
of morphia, 142. 
of iron with senna, jalap, &c. 

90. 
of iron with aloes, &c. 90. 
of iron with extract of bark, 

&c. 172. 
of iron with sulphuric acid, 

184. 
of quinia. See Quinia. 
Sulphur and magnesia, 27. 
confection of, 32. 
electuary, 42. 
ointment, (aromatic,) 221. 
Sulphuric acid mixture, 178. 
Suet ptisan, 235. 
Supertartrate of potash. See Cream of 

Tartar. 
Sulphuret of antimony, 61. 
of mercury, 63. 
of potash, lotion of, 219. 
Sulphurous water, 120. 
Sulphureo-gelatinous bath, 120. 
Sublimate bath, 121. 
Suppository of opium, 144. 
Sweet spirits of nitre, &c. 64. 
Swaim's panacea, 66. 



T. 



Tapioca jelly, 232. 
Tartar emetic solution, 20. 

and quinine, 20. 

enema, 43. 

with nitre and calomel, 
59. 



Tartar emetic with camphor and opium, 
63. 
plaster, 105. 
pills, 72. 
ointment, 105. 
Tartar whey, 236. 

salt of. See Carbonate of Pot- 
ash. 
Tar liniment, 115. 

ointment, 220, 221. 

pills, 72. 

water, 79. 

fumigation, 85. 

Tannin pills, 203. 

Tea injection, 212. 

Tin electuary, 97. 

antidotes of, 246. 
Tincture of tolu with antimonial wine, 
64. 78. 
of iodine, 93. 
of blood-root, 77. 
of guaiacum, 92. 
of digitalis, 77. 141. 
of bark with citrate of potash, 

166. 
of bark, 170. 
of muriate of iron, 170. 
of catechu, (mixture,) 189. 
Tolu with digitalis, 79. 
with ammoniac, 84. 
with asafcetida, 77. 
with amber oil, 76, 
inhalation of, 84. 
with morphia, 84. 
inhalation, 85. 
with belladonne, 80. 
Tobacco fomentation, 122. 
poultice, 23. 
enema, 44. 

with squills and colchicum, 
49. 
Tonics, 170. 
Turpentine pills, 48. 98. 132. 

and cantharides, 111. 1. 
mixture, 34,35. 137. 
oil of. See Spirits of Tur- 
pentine. 

U. 

Uva ursi with soda, 46. 

with cinchona, &c. 55, 
infusion, 52. 

V. 

Valerian with cinchona, 184. 

with carb. of iron, 157. 



262 



INDEX. 



Valerian bolas, 157. 

with musk and camphor, 158. 
with Hoffman's anodyne, 158, 
159. 
Veratrina, tincture pills, and ointment 

of, 40, 41. 
Vegetable soup, 233. 
Vermifuges, 95. 
Vermifuge bolus, 97. 
Venice turpentine pills, 96. 
Vitriol, blue. See Sulphate of Copper. 
Verdigris, powder of, 127. 
Vinegar collyrium, 206. 
whey, 236. 
draught, 184. 
Volatile tinct. of guaiac. 92. 



W. 

Warm plaster, 119. 

Water gruel, 231. 

Warner's cordial, 39. 

White's precipitate ointment, 115. 

Whey, alum, 216. 

wine, 139. 

rennet, 236. 



Whey, tartar, 236. 

vinegar, 236. 
Wine of ipecacuanha with antimony, 
19. 

of colchicum, 39. 52. 

whey, 139. 

mixture, 140. 

of opium, 151. 
Wistar's cough lozenges, 73. 
Wild cherry bark, 185. 
Wormseed oil, 99. 
Worm tea, 98. 



Yest poultice, 118. 
Yellow wash, 126. 



Z. 

Zinc, pills of oxide of, 176. 218. 
sulphate of, 210. 
antidotes of, 246. 
acetate of, (collyrium,) 206. 
iodide of, 109. 
ointment of, 220. 



THE END. 



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November. 

THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE of MEDICINE, By Professor Dunglison in 2 vols- 
8vo. 
This work will be ready the approaching fall. 

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NAVAL HISTORY 



OF 



THE UNITED STATES, 

BY J. FENIMORE COOPER, ESQ. 

IN TWO HANDSOME VOLUMES, BOUND IN EMBOSSED CLOTH. 

A new edition revised and corrected with an index to the volumes. 



We have pursued this history with no little 
curiosity and with great interest. Consider- 
ing the brief existence of the American ma- 
rme, its annals are more eventful, more ro- 
mantic, and more various, than any in exis- 
tence. Nothing can surpass the energy which 
enabled the United States to form an effective 
navy, at a time when they could hardly be 
said to have had a political existence, and 
when they were beset by greater difficulties 
than any which an infant nation had ever yet 
to encounter. This consideration has ani- 
matea the present historian, whose enthusiasm 
seems to be kindled by his office of chronicler, 
even more than when he formerly sought in- 
spirations from the same sourse in construc- 
ting his famous stories of the sea. His na- 
tional pride has, however, not tempted him to 
be, after the manner of his countrymen, vain- 
glorious as regards his own nation, and 
abusive towards others. His work, accor- 
dingly, is more fair and candid than could 
have been expected on such a theme from an 
American pen. Altogether this history is a 
valuable one, and cannot fail to pass into uni- 
versal circulation. The incidents which took 
place in the naval war with Tripoli, are 
grander and more heroic than any thing in 
the circle of romance, and are detailed with 
all the vigor and animation of Mr. Cooper's 
genius.— British Naval and Military Maga- 
zine. h 

The History of the Navy of the United 
States from the earliest period of its exist- 
ence, in the dawn of the Revolution, through 



all its discouragements, reverses, trials and 
glory, was a task worthy of the author who 
had established a reputation as a describer of 
nautical events, superior to that of any other 
living writer. The task has been so per- 
formed as to leave nothing to desire. No 
work of higher interest has been published 
in the United States for many years. The 
theme is one which Mr. Cooper seems to treat 
con amore and for which his early life and 
education fitted him, above all other men. 
If we are not mistaken, the publication of 
this book is calculated to heighten the already 
exalted estimate in which the Navy is held, 
and to render it still more, if possible, a fa- 
vourite with the nation. Whilst Mr. Cooper 
has, at all times, given full credit to the offi- 
cers and crews of the vessels whose victories, 
during the late war, shed so much renown 
upon our arms, he has not been guilty of the 
bad taste, which a writer of less discrimina- 
tion would scarcely have avoided, of indulg- 
ing a vainglorious spirit and a disparaging 
tone in reference to our great rival upon the 
ocean. The glories of American victories 
are fully portrayed, whilst, at the same time, 
care is taken, in every case to exhibit a fair 
and impartial estimate of the strength and 
appointments of antagonists' vessels or fleets. 
In this way the work acquires the credit due 
to a grave and impartial history. The book 
is splendidly published by Lea and Blanch- 
ard. — Baltimore Chronicle. 



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MEMOIRS OP CHARLES MA- 
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A man so various, that he seemed to be, 
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



LALLA ROOKH, by Meadows. 

THE PERI AT THE. GATE OF EDEN, 

by Meadows. 
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Covbould. 
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FET, by Stephanoff. 

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costly volume before us a form worthy of its 



THE DEPARTURE OF HAFFET, by Cor- 
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DEATH OF HIND A, by do. 

ZELICA, by do. 

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NAMOUNA, by Meadows. 

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FORMING AN ANECDOTAL HISTORY 

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1* 



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LIFE OF JEFFERSON. 



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"As a history his book is replete with the 
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"Few men have in a long life passed 
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THE LIFE OF THOMAS JEFFER- 
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KEBLE'S CHRISTIAN YEAR. 

THOUGHTS IN VERSE, FOR SUN- 
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" In quietness and confidence shall be your strength." 

ISAIAH XXX. 15. 

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The object of tins publication was not only 
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s 



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BROUGHAM'S SPEECHES. 

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CITY OP THE <2ZABj 

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MRS. HEMANS MEMOIRS. 

Memoir of the Life and Writings of 
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The life of Mrs. Hemans by one who had 
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former. As a monitor to the young gentle- 
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j variously estimated according to the pre- 
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| read it without learning much that will be 
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kind. — Weekly Messenger. 

The book is replete with a worldly wis- 
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which the letters of Lord Chesterfield have 
not already given. But without the offen- 
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able writings, the American work equals 
them, at least, in all their reputable points 
— in vigour of thought and diction, in acu- 
men, in practicability and in evidences of 
worldly knowledge.- 
zine. 



Gentleman's Maga- 



10 



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LIFE OF R. H. X.EE. 

MEMOIRS OF THE LIFE OF RICH- 
ARD HENRY LEE. Together with his 
Correspondence. By his Grandson Richard 
H. Lee. In 2 vols. Octavo. 

L<IFE OF BAItfBRIDGE. 

LIFE AND SERVICES OF COM- 
MODORE WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE, 
UNITED STATES NAVY. 

By Thomas Harris, M. D., Surgeon Uni- 
ted States Navy, and Member of the Ame- 
rican Philosophical Society. 

With a Portait. 1 volume Octavo. 

MEMOIRS OF SIR WILLIAM 
KNIGHTON, BART., G. C. H. 

Keeper of the Privy Purse during the 
Reign of His Majesty King George the 
Fourth. Including his Correspondence 
with many distinguished Personages. By 
Lady Knighton. In 1 volume Octavo. 

MEMOIRS OF CABOT. 

A MEMOIR OF SEBASTIAN CA- 
BOT, with a Review of the History of 
Maratime Discovery. Illustrated by Docu- 
ments from the Rolls, now first published. 
"Put forth in the most unpretending man- 
ner, and without a name: this work is of 
paramount importance to the subjects of 
which it treats." — Literary Gazette. 

IRVING'S FLORIDA. 

THE CONQUEST OF FLORIDA BY 
HERNANDO DE SOTO. 

By Theodore Irving, Esq. In 2 volumes, 
12mo. 

IRVINGS INDIAN SKETCH BOOK. 



Indian Sketches taken during an Expedi- 
tion to the Pawnee Tribes. By John T. 
Irving, Jun. 2 vols. 12mo. 

CAREY ON CREDIT. 

THE CREDIT SYSTEM OF FRANCE, 
GREAT BRIT1AN, &c. By H. C. Carey, 
Author of Principles of Political Economy, 

CONTENTS. 
Chapter I. Rise and Progress of Credit 
—2. Of Credit in France— 3. Of Credit in 
England— 4. Of Credit in the United States 
— 5. Insecurity of Property and its Effects: 
England, France, United States— 6. Fric- 



FUBLISHED BY LEA AND BLANCHARD. 



11 



tion : England, France, Scotland, United 
States— 7. The United States in 1836-37 
—8. England in 1835 and 1836—9. Con- 
clusion. 

CAREY On"cURRENCY. 

ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS: 

— What constitutes Currency] What are 
the causes of Unsteadiness of the Cur- 
rency! And what is the Remedy) By H. 
C. Carey. 

ON 

POLITICAL ECONOMY- 

PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECO- 
NOMY. Of the Laws of the Production 
and Distribution of Wealth. 

By H. C. Carey, Author of an Essay on 
the Rate of Wages. In 3 volumes Oc- 
tavo. 

CAREY oFwAGES. 

ESSAY ON THE RATE OF WAGES, 

With an Examination of the Causes of the 
Differences in the Condition of the La- 
bouring Population throughout the World. 
By H. C. Carey. 1 Volume. 

GALLATIN ON BANKING. 

CONSIDERATIONS ON THE CUR- 
RENCY AND BANKING SYSTEM OF 
THE UNITED STATES. By Albert 
Gallatin. 

RAGUET ONTREE TRADE. 

THE PRINGIPLES OF FREE 
TRADE, illustrated in a series of short and 
familiar Essays. By Condy Raguet, Esq. 1 
vol. 8vo. 

LIFE Of"TeSUS, &c. 

JESUS AND HIS BIOGRAPHERS; 
or the REMARKS on the FOUR GOS- 
PELS, revised with copious additions, by 
W. B. Furness, In 1 volume 8vo. 

To all who are acquainted with the clear- 
ness, beauty and accuracy of style; the di- 
ligent research, the logical strictness of ar- 
gument, and the profound truthfulness of 
Mr. Furness as a writer, and especially as 
an expositor of the Scriptures, nothing need 
be said to induce them to read with interest 
and attention this work on the Four Gos- 
pels. But we would say to all who are 
seeking for moral truth — for the light of 



pure Christianity— thirsting for a real per- 
sonal knowledge of the Lord Jesus Christ 
— and for a higher and truer estimation of 
those matchless records, his gospel, turn ye 
to this book — pursue this most remarkable 
exposition, the work of a pure minded, able* 
truth loving man, with the same pure spirit 
and sincere desire after the truth, that ani- 
mates his pages, and ye will not find your 
labour in vain. — Evening Gazette. 

W&USttWS TEXT BOOM. 

TEXT BOOK OFECCLESIASTICAL 
HISTORY. By J. C. I. Geisler, Doctor of 
Philosophy and Theology, and Professor of 
Theology in Gottingen. 

Translated from the Third German Edi- 
tion, by Francis Cunningham. In 3 vols. 
8vo. 

Dr. Giesler's History is very highly re- 
commended by gentlemen whose testimony 
to its value will have great weight, viz: 
Professors Stuart and Emerson, of Andover; 
Hodge, of Princeton; Sears, of Newton; and 
Ware, of Cambridge. 

THE DISTRICT SCHOOL, OR NA- 
TIONAL EDUCATION. By J. Orville 

Taylor. The third edition. 

'* The style of the ' District School' is simple, in- 
telligible, appropriate, correct and forcible; and' the 
author displays much acquaintance with the condi- 
tion of common education. We regard the general 
circulation of this work as highly desirable, for it 
will carry to every reader a large amount of import- 
ant truths, many sound views of education, and an 
incitement to exertion in its promotion, which must 
produce some good efiects," — New-York Daily Advei- 



A CABINET ATLAS. 

THE FAMILY CABINET ATLAS, 
constructed upon an original plan : Be- 
ing a Companion to the Encyclopae- 
dia Americana, Cabinet Cyclopaedia, 
Family Library, Cabinet Library, &c. 

This Atlas comprises, in a volume of the 
Family Library size, nearly 100 Maps and 
Tables, which present equal to fifty Thous- 
and Names of Places; a body of information 
three times as extensive as that supplied by 
the generality of Quarto Atlases. 

MISS MARTINEAU. 

How to Observe— Morals and Manners. 
By Miss Martineau. 1 volume, 12 mo. 

WALSH'S "DIDACTICS. 

Didactic's Social, Literary, and Political. 
By Robert Walsh, Esq. 

In 2 volumes, Royal 12mo. Embossed 
cloth. 



COATE'S FAMILY ADVISER, 



POPULAR MEDICINE; 

OR, FAMILY ADVISER. 

Consisting 1 of Outlines of Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene, with such Hints on the Prac- 
tice of Physic, Surgery, and the Diseases of Women and Children, as may prove useful in 
families when regular Physicians cannot be procured: Being a Companion and Guide for 
intelligent Principals of Manufactories, Plantations, and Boarding Schools, Heads of Fa- 
milies, Masters of Vessels, Missionaries, or Travellers; and a useful Sketch for Young 
Men about commencing the Study of Medicine. 

BY REYNELL COATES, M. D. 

Fellow to the College of Physicians of Philadelphia — Honorary Member of the Philadelphia 
Medical Society — Correspondent of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York — Mem- 
ber of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia — Formerly Resident Surgeon of 
the Pennsylvania Hospital, &c. 

ASSISTED BY SEVERAL MEDICAL FRIENDS. 

In one handsome volume. 

" It ]S with great satisfaction that we announce this truly valuable compilation, as the most complete 
and interesting treatise on Popular Medicine ever presented to the public. Simple and unambitious in its 
language, free from technicalities, and embracing the most important facts on Anatomy, Physiology 
and Hygiene, or the art of preserving health, and the treatment of those affections which require imme- 
diate attention, or are of an acute character, this should be in the hands of every one, more particularly 
of ihose who, by their situations are prevented from resorting to the advice of a physician; nor would 
the careful perusal of its pages fail to profit the inhabitants of our cities, by giving them a more accurate 
knowledge of the structure of the human frame, and of the laws that govern its various functions, whose 
perfect integrity is absolutely essential to health, and even to existence; the various systems of medical 
charlatanry, daily imagined to take advantage of the credulity and ignorance of mankind, would be ren- 
dered far less prejudicial to the community than they now are. We would particularly direct attention 
to the Chapter on Hygiene, a science in itself of the utmost importance, and ably treated in the small space 
allowed to it in this volume."— New York American. 



A SERIES OF MEMOIRS of the STATES- 
MEN of the ENGLISH COMMON- 
WEALTH, commencing with the Origin 
of the Popular Struggle, in the reign of 
James I., and closing at the Restoration. 
With original Portraits of Elliot, Pym, 
Hampden, Cromwell; and an Historical 
scene, after a Picture, by Cattermole. By 
John Forster Esq., of the Inner Temple. 
(In preparation.) 

TRAVELS IN EGYPT, by Prince Puckler 
Muskau, 

(In preparation.) 

CONVERSATIONS ON NATURE AND 
ART. 

For the Use of Schools and Seminaries by 
a Lady. 

With numerous wood cuts in one neat 12mo. 
volume, bound iu embossed cloth, and lettered in 
gold. 

This little work embodies a vast amount of useful, 
agreeable, and elegant information, and is full of 
truth and beauty. It is illustrated with engravings.— 
Saturday Chronicle. 

"The rich stores, which are freighted in the dis- 
course of Mrs. Fotescue with Henrietta and Fre- 
derick, are remarkable for the interest and import- 
ance, as well as the lucid and fascinating mode in 
which they arc imparted. It is an invaluable as- 
sistant to the mother, who wishes to have useful and 
elevating converse with her little ones." 

" This is a valuable little volume from the press 
of Lea & Blanchard, full of useful information, and 
instructive to all who wish to acquire a knowledge 
of Nature and Art. It is embellished with nearly 



forty cuts, and the whole is well got up. It comes 
from a talented family, the authoress being the sister 
of Captain Marryat." 

CHITTY'S JURISPRUDENCE. 

CHITTY'S MEDICAL JURISPRU- 
DENCE. A valuable work for Lawyers 
or Physicians. In royal 8vo. 

ADVENTURES OF AN ATTORNEY 
IN SEARCH OF PRACTICE, by the Au- 
thor of Adventures of a Gentleman in 
Searc h of a Horse, 2 vols. 12mo. 

HERSCHEL'S PHILOSOPHY. 

Preliminary Discourse on the Objects, Ad- 
vantages, and Pleasures of the Study of Na- 
tural Philosophy. By J. T. W. Herschel, A. 
M. Late Fellow of St. John's College, Cam- 
bridge. 

"Without disparaging any other of the many in- 
teresting and instructive volumes issued in the form 
of cabinet and family libraries, it is, perhaps, not 
too much to place at the head of the list, for extent 
and variety of condensed information, Mr. Herschel's 
discourse of Natural Philosophy in Dr. Lardner's 
Cyclopaedia."— Christian Observer. 

" The finest work of philosophical genius which 
this age has seen." — Mackintosh's England. 

" Mr. Herschel's delightful volume. * * * We find 
scattered through the work instances of vivid and 
happy illustration, where the fancy is usefully called 
into action, so as sometimes to remind us of tb« 
splendid pictures which crowd upon us in the 6tyle of 
Bacon."— Quarterly Review. 



WASHINGTON IRVING'S WORKS. 



THE WORKS 



WASHINGTON IRYING, 



EMBRACING 



THE SKETCH BOOK, 
KNICKERBOCKER'S NEW 

YORK, 
BRACEBRIDGE HALL, 



TALES OF A TRAVELLER, 
THE CONQUEST OF GRANADA, 
THE ALHAMBRA, 



A New and Beautiful Edition, in Two Royal Octavo Volumes, with a Portrait of the 

the Author. 



^ THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS; or 
Scenes, Incidents and Adventures in the 
Far West. 

Digested from the Journal of Capt. B. L. 
Bonneville, of the Army of the U. States, 
and illustrated from various other sources. 
By Washington Irving. 

With Two Large Maps. 
In Two Volumes. 



ASTORIA; or, Anecdotes ofan Enterprise 
Beyond the Rocky Mountains. By Wash- 
ington Irving. 

Handsomely bound in Two Volumes, 
embossed cloth or in leather. 



NEW EDITIONS OF THE FOLLOW- 
ING WORKS MAY BE HAD 
SEPARATE. 

THE SKETCH BOOK, 2 vols. 12mo, 



A History of the Life and Voyages of 
Christopher Columbus By Washington 
Irving. 

Revised and corrected by the Author. 
In Two Volumes, Octavo. 



THE CRAYON MISCELLANY. 
By Washington Irving. In 3 vols* 

Containing, 
A TOUR ON THE PRAIRIES. 
ABBOTSFORD AND NEWSTEAt) 

ABBEY. 
LEGENDS OF THE CONQUEST 
OF SPAIN, 
2 



KNICKERBOCKER'S HISTORY of 
NEW YORK, revised and corrected. 
2 vols. 12mo. 



BRACEBRIDGE HALL, or the HU- 
MORISTS, 2 vols. 12mo. 



TALES of a TRAVELLER, 2 vols. 
12mo. 



A CHRONICLE of the CONQUEST 
OF GRENADA. In 2 vols. 12mo. 



THE ALHAMBRA; a series of Tales 
1 and Sketches of the Moors and Spa- 
niards. In 2 vols. 12mo. 



THE BEAUTIES OF WASHINGTON 
IRVING. 

A Small Volume for the Pocket, neaUy 
done up in extra cloth. 



COOPER'S WOEKS. 



NAVAL HISTORY. 



OF 



THE UNITED STATES. 

A new Edition, Revised and Corrected with an Index to the Volumes. 
In 2 volumes, 8vo. 



GLEANINGS IN EUROPE, 

CONTAINING: 



SKETCHES OF SWITZERLAND. 
In 2 vols. 12mo. 

A RESIDENCE IN FRANCE, with 
an Excursion up the Rhine, and a Second 
Visit to Switzerland. In 2 volumes 12mo. 



FRANCE, with Sketches of Parisian So- 
ciety. In 2 volumes, 12mo. 

ENGLAND, with Sketches of Society in 
the Metropolis. In 2 volumes 12mo. 

ITALY with Sketches of Society. In 
2 volumes 12mo. 



Now ready, 

THE PATHFINDER, 



THE INLAND 



OR 

SEA. 



In 2 vols. 12mo. 



THE MONIKINS. In 2 volumes 
12mo. 

A new Edition of Homeward Bound; or, 
the Chase. In 2 volumes 12mo. 

HOME AS FOUND, being a Sequal to 
Homeward Bound. In 2 vols. 12mo. 



PRECAUTION, 

A NOVEL. 

A new edition, revised by the Author. 
In 2 volumes 12mo. 

This excellent novel, the first that issued 
from the prolific pen of our admired coun- 
tryman Cooper, had become extremely 



scarce, if not entirely out of print. It is 
one of the very best productions of its au- 
thor, and from the mountains of trash un- 
der the titles of novels, that have accumu- 
lated of late years, it may be selected by 
the youth of our country as worthy of their 
perusal for its amusing- story and pure 
Eno-]ish style. — The Lousianian. 

The great care which the author has be- 
stowed upon this edition, is correcting the 
errors and amending the faults, of the ori- 
ginal, will be appreciated by every reader 
with whom "Precaution" is an old ac- 
quaintance. It is now much more worthy 
of his time and money. — Evening Gazette 
and Gallaxy. 



NOVELS AND TALES, IN TWENTY-SIX VOLUMES. 



containing: 



The Spy. In 2 vols. 

Pioneers. " 
Pilot. 

Prairie. " 

Lionel Lincoln. " 
Last of the Mohicans. " 
Red Rover. 



The Wept of the Wish- 
Ton -Wish- In 2 vols. 
Water Witch. 
Bravo. * 
Travelling Bachelor " 
Heidenmauer. " 
Headsman. * 



Or any work may be had separate in boards. 



WORKS BY BOZ. 

Illustrated editions of the following works by (BOZ) Charles Dickens, Esq. 
printed on fine paper, and handsomely bound in embossed cloth to match. 

The plates are engraved by Yeager, and neatly printed on cream coloured 
paper. 

THE POSTHUMOUS PAPERS OF 

THE PISEWISE GLUE; 

WITH NUMEROUS DESIGNS, 
ILLUSTRATED BY 
SAM WELLER JR., AND ALFRED CROWQUILL, ESQ. 



OLIVEK TWIST; 

OR, THE PARISH BOY'S PROGRESS, 

WITH TWENTY-FOUR ILLUSTRATIONS; 

DESIGNED BY CRUIKSHANK. 



SKETCHES BY BO^; 

Illustrative of E very-Day Life, and Every-Day People. 

A NEW EDITION, 

COMPRISING BOTH THE SERIES; 

AND EMBELLISHED WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS, 

BY GEORGE CRUIKSHANK. 



THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES 

OF 

NICHOLAS NICKLEBY, 

WITH THIRTY NINE ILLUSTRATIONS BY PHIZ- 

AND 

A SPLENDID PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR. 

Cheap editions of the last three mentioned works may also be had, each work contain- 
ing two plates. 

IN PREPARATION. 

A new work by Boz, to be issued in numbers, to match the above. 



AINSWORTHS NOVELS, &c. 

JACK SHEPPARD 



A NEW ROMANCE 



EY THE AUTHOR OF 



« ROOKWOOD," u CRITCHTON," &c. 
In 2 vols. 12mo. With Plates. 



" We are glad to welcome the whole of 
Jack Sheppard at last. It is one of the 
richest books of the day. W. H. Ains- 
worth, the author of Jack Sheppard, has in 
this work, established his reputation as a 
fine delineator of low life. His novel is 
second only to the works of the unrivalled 
"Boz," for the deep interest, graphic 
sketches of character, and striking views of 
crime and its inevitable consequences. 
The hero of the tale is the original of 
"Captain Macheath," of Beggar's Opera 
celebrity." — Evening Gazette <$ Galaxy. 

"Jack Sheppard is so worthy of the hand 
which gave us the famous Dick Turpin and 
his Ride to York, that we gladly step out 
of our way to bid him welcome." — Literary 
Gazette* 



is at once startling, im- 



" In every respect ' Jack Sheppard ' prc- 
| mises well. He is full of interest, life, and 
i spirit. The story 
; pressive, and pathetic." — Courier. 

"The scenes of ' Jack Sheppard' are full 
| of spirit, incident and variety." — Spectator. 

"Full of that interest which Mr. Ains- 
i worth impairs to all the productions. It 
| bids fare to share that undisputed sway 
I which ' Boz ' has exercised in these pages." 
'■ — Weekly Chronicle. 

"The Author of 'Rookwood' has here 

I struck out a new vein in fiction. 'Jack 

Sheppard' will greatly advance even the 

j present high reputation of Mr. Ainsworth.'" 

I — Naval and Military Gazette. 



(In preparation,) 
THE TOWER OF LONDON, with Illustrations. 
GUY FAWKES, with Illustrations. 

By Ainsworth. 



"SAM SLICK THE CLOCKMAKER." 

THE CLOCK-MAKER OR SAYINGS AND DOINGS OF SAMUEL SLICK OF 
SLICKVILLE, First and second series in 2 vols. 12mo. 

%* Either Series may be had separately. 



Sam Slick's shrewd observations and odd 
quaint humour are admirable. — Athenamm. 

Full of spirit, originality and humour. — 
Morning Chronicle. 

The humour of Mr. Slick is by far the 
best thing of its kind we have ever seen. 
It is indeed truly delightful. Such a book 
as this stands in need of neither our praise 



The author of this work, which has 
furnished the newspapers with so many 
bonne bouches in the way of extracts, is a 
man of original genius and shrewd observa- 
tion, with an inexhaustible vein of wit and 
humour. — Dublin Mail. 

One of those genuinely original works 
which carry their own letter of recom- 



nor recommendation. It will make its j mendation, and are every where relished.- 



Globe. 

A very clever and characteristic work. 
The humour is rich and dry, the satire 
broad and sharp, without ill-nature. — Spec- 
tator. 



own way; for it is of the right stuff. — 
Scotsman. 

Sam Slick is one of the most sagacious 
as well as amusing authors of his time and 
country. — Atlas. 

THE BUBBLES IN CANADA, by Sam Slick, in 1 vol. 12mo. 

SAM SLICK'S LETTER BAG of the GREAT WESTERN, or LIFE in a 
STEAMER, by the Author of " The Clockmaker," &c. &c. In 1 vol. 12mo. 

(In preparation,) 
SAM SLICK IN ENGLAND, By the Author of "The Clockmaker," &c. &c. 



BRIDGEWATER TREATISES. 



This series of Treatises is published under the following circumstances:— 
The Right Honourable and Rev.' Francis Henry, Earl of Bridgewater, died in the month of February, 
1825; he directed certain trustees therein named, to invest in the public funds, the sum of eight thousand 
pounds sterling; this sum, with the accruing dividends thereon, to be held at the disposal of the President, 
for the time being, of the Royal Society of London, to be paid to the person or persons nominated by him. 
The Testator farther directed, that the person or persons selected by the said President, should be appointed 
to write, print and publish one thousand copies of a work, on the Power, Wisdom, and Goodness of God, as 
manifested in the Creation ; illustrating such work, by all reasonable arguments, as, for instance, the variety 
and formation of God's creatures in the Animal, Vegetable, and Mineral Kingdoms; the eifect of digestion, 
and, thereby, of conversion; the construction of the hand of man, and an inflinite variety of other argu- 
ments; as also by discoveries, ancient and modern, in arts, sciences, and the whole extent of literature. 

He desired, moreover, that the profits arising from the scale of the works so published, should be paid to 
the authors of the works. 

The late President of the Royal Society, Davies Gilbert, Esq., requested the assistance of his Grace, 
the Archbishop of Canterbury, and of the Bishop of London, in determining upon the best mode of carry- 
ing into effect, the intentions of the Testator. Acting with their advice, and with the concurrence of a no- 
bleman immediately connected with the deceased, Mr. Davies Gilbert appointed the following eight gentle- 
men to write separate Treatises in the different branches of the subjects here stated:— 

I. The Adaptation of External Nature to the Moral and Intellectual Constitution of 

Man. By the Rev. Thomas Chalmers, D. D., Professor of Divinity in the University 
of Edinburgh. 

II. The Adaptation of External Nature to the Physical Condition of Man, principally 

with reference to the supply of his wants, and the exercise of his intellectual facul- 
ties. By John Kidd, M. D., F. R. S., Regius Professor of Medicine in the Uni* 
versity of Oxford. 

III. Astronomy and General Physics, considered with reference to Natural Theology. 
By the Rev. Wm. Whewell, M. A., F. R.. S., Fellow of Trinity College, Cam- 
bridge. 

IV. The Hand, its mechanism and vital endowments as evincing. design, with numerous 
wood cuts. By Sir Charles Bell, K. EL F. R. S. 

V. Chemistry, Meteorology, and the Function of Digestion, considered with reference 

to Natural Theology. By Wm. Prout, M. D., F. R. S. 
VL The History Habits, and Instincts of Animals. By the Rev. Wm. Kirby, M. A., 
F. R. S., Illustrated by numerous engravings on copper. 

VII. Animal and Vegetable Physiology* considered with reference to Natural Theology. 
By Peter Mare Rojet, M. D. Illustrated with nearly 500 wood cuts. 

VIII. Geology and Mineralogy considered with reference to Natural Theology. By 
the Rev. Wm. Buckland, D. D., Canon of Christ Church, and Reader in Geology 
and Mineralogy in the University of Oxford. With eighty-nine copper- plates. and 
large coloured maps. 

The whole series forms a beautiful set of books, in seven volumes octavo, and to be had 
in handsome cloth or half bound with calf backs and corners. 

*** The work of Chalmers, Bell,- Whewell, Prout and Kidd, maybe had separate each in 
one volume 12mo» 

* # * The work of Rojet, in 2 vols..8vo. Buckland, in 2 voLs..8vo., and 'Kirby in one vol 
3vo., may also be had separate from the sets cf the work.. 
2* 



18 WORKS ON SCIENCE, &C. &C. 

HERSCHEL'S ASTRONOMY. BARTON'S FLORA. 



A TREATISE ON ASTRONOMY. 

By Sir John F. W. Herschel., F. R. S., &c. 
A new Edition, with a Preface and a 
series of Questions for the examination of 
Students. By S. C. Walker. In 1 vol. 
12mo. 

" The present treatise is in no wise inferior to its 
predecessor: it is characterized by the same agreeable 
and elegant style, the same facility of illustration — 
added to which it possesses unrivalled precision and 
accuracy of demonstration. Avoiding, therefore, the 
abstruce niceties and the transcendental mathe- 
matics of the subject., the author has nevertheless 
produced a volume calculated, we are fully persuaded, 
to impress upon his readers the magnitude and im- 
portance of the science, and to initiate them in no 
mean degree into its mysteries." — Literary Gazette. 



A Flora of North America, with 108 co- 
loured Plates. By W. P. C. Barton, M. 
D. In 3 vols. 4to. 



BREWSTER'S OPTICS. 



TREATISE on OPTICS. By Sir David 
Brewster. A new edition, with Notes and 
Additions, by A. D. Bache, Professor of 
Natural Philosophy and Chemistry in the 
University of Pennsylvania. 12rno. 

"The author has given proof of his well-known 
industry, and extensive acquaintance with the re- 
sults of science in every part of Europe."— Monthly 
Magazine. 

" The subject is, as might be expected, ably treated, 
and clearly illustrated."— U. S. Journal. 



ARNOTT'S PHYSICS. 

Elements of Physics, or Natural Philoso- 
phy, General and Medical, explained in- 
dependently of Technical Mathematics, and 
containing New Disquisitions and Practical 
Suggestions. By Neill Arnott, M. D. 
Fourth American from the fifth London 
edition, with Additions by Isaac Hays, M. 
D. In 2 vols. 8vo. 

" Dr. Arnott's work has done for Physics 
as much as Locke's Essay did for the sci- 
ence of mind."— London University Ma- 
gazine. 

" We may venture to predict that it will 
not be surpassed." — Times. 

" Dr. A. has not done less for Physics 
than Blackstone did for the Law." — Morn- 
ing Herald. 

" Dr. A. has made Natural Philosophy 
as attractive as Buffon made Natural His- 
toiy." — French Critic. 

"A work of the highest class among the 
productions of mind." — Courier- 



EVAN'S MILLWRIGHT'S GUIDE, 

MILLWRIGHT and MILLER'S GUIDE. 

By Oliver Evans. The Tenth Edition with 
Additions and Corrections,_by the Professor 
of Mechanics in the Franklin Institute of 
Pennsylvania; and a Description of an Im- 
proved Merchant Flour Mill. With En- 
gravings. By G. & O. Evans, Engineers. 

This is a practical work and has had a 
very extended sale. 



BONAPARTE'S ORNITHOLOGY. 



American Ornithology, or Natural His- 
tory of Birds, Inhabiting the United States, 
by Charles Lucien Bonaparte; designed as 
a continuation of Wilson's Ornitholooy 
Vols. I. II. III. and IV. 

Gentlemen who possess Wilson, and are 
desirous of rendering the work complete, 
are informed that the edition of this work 
is very small, and that but a very limited 
number of copies remain unsold. 

(Odd volumes can be supplied, to com- 
plete sets.) 



GRAY'S CHEMISTRY. 

The Chemistry of the Arts on the basis 
of Gray's Operative Chemist, being an Ex- 
hibition of the Arts and Manufactures de- 
pendent on Chemical Principles, with nu- 
merous Engravings, by Arthur L. Porter, 
M. D. late Professor of Chemistry, &c. in 
the University of Vermont. In 8vo. With 
numerous Plates. 



FARADAY'S MANIPULATIONS. 

Chemical Manipulation. Instruction to 
Students on the Methods of performing 
Experiments of Demonstration or Research, 
with accuracy and success. By Michael 
Faraday, F. R. S. First American from the 
second London edition, with additions by 
J. K. Mitchell, M. I). 

DELA BECHE'S GEOLOGY. 

A GEOLOGICAL MANUEL. By 
Henry T. de la Beche, Esq., F. R. S., F. G. 
S., Member of the Geological Society of 
France, &c. In 1 vol. 8vo., with 104 wood 
cuts. 



PUBLISHED BY LEA AND BLANCHARD. 



19 



LEA'S GEOLOGY. 

CONTRIBUTIONS TO GEOLOGY. 

Illustrated by numerous coloured En- 
gravings. By Isaac Lea, Member of the 
American Philosophical Society, &c. &c. 
In 1 vol. 8vo. 



LEA'S NAIADES. 

A SYNOPSIS OF THE FAMILY OF 
NAIADES. By Isaac Lea, Member of 
the American Philosophical Society, &c. 
&c. 1 vol. Svo. with coloured plates. 



LARDNER'S HYDROSTATICS. 

A TREATISE on HYDROSTATICS 
and PNEUMATICS. By the Rev. Dio- 
nysius Lardner, LL. D. F. R. S. &c. A new 
American from the last London edition, 
with Notes by Benjamin F. Joslin, M. D., 
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College. 

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modern science."— Lit. Gaz. 

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"It is written with a full knowledge of the sub- 
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A TREATISE ON MECHANICS. 
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ELEMENTS of MECHANICS. By 

James Pi,enwick, Esq. Professor of Natural 
and Experimental Philosophy, Columbia 
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Part. 1 MECHANICS. 

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TREATISE ON CLOCK AND 
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A SELECTION OF ONE HUNDRED 
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The expression 'figured pronunciation,' 
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cates the pronunciation of the word enough, 
by dividing and spelling it thus, e-nuf. "in 
the same manner I indicate the pronuncia- 
tion of the word compatient thus, kon-te. 
As the understanding of the figured pro- 
nunciation of Walker requires the student 
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LES AVENTURES DE TELEMAQUE 
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A Collection of Colloquial Phrases on 
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ALL THE FRENCH VERBS BOTH 
REGULAR AND IRREGULAR, in a 

| small volume. 

The verbs etre to be, avoir to have, par- 
Jer to speak finir to finish, recevoir to re- 
ceive, vendre to sell, se lever to rise, se 
bien porter to be well, s'en aller to go away, 
are here all conjugated through — affir- 
matively — negatively — interrogatively — 
and negatively and interrogatively — an ar- 
rangement which will greatly facilitate the 
scholar in his learning the French verbs? 
and which will save the master the trouble 
of explaining over and over again what 
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the Fables — the Text a Literal and Free tion which cannot be found in books, but 
Translation ; intended as a Sequel to the which must be learned from a master. 
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BUTLER'S ANTIENT ATLAS. BUTLER'S ANTIENT GEOGRAPHY. 



GEOGRAPHIA CLASSICA, or the ap- 
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ATLAS OF ANTIENT GEOGRAPHY, 
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A new edition revised and corrected, in 
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21 



THE NOVELS 

OF 

JANE AUSTEN: 



CONTAINING 



PRIDE AND PREJUDICE, 
MANSFIELD PARK, 
PERSUATION, 



SENSE AND SENSIBILITY, 
EMMA, AND 
NORTHANGER ABBEY. 



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traiture, and plain in expression ! He suc- 
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colours cannot fail — from life. But in his 
gust for bold drawing and large effect, he 
sometimes rejects the finish of the master, 
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his capacity. 



!NICK OF THE WOODS; or, The 

Jfbbenainosay. A Tale of Kentucky. 
In two vols. 12mo. 



PETER PILGRIM; 

OR, 

A RAMBLER'S RECOLLECTIONS. 

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CALAVAR: 

OR, THE KNIGHT OF THE CONQUEST. 

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THE INFIDEL: or, The Knight 
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PICCIOLA, THE PRISONER OF FENESTRELLA ; 

OR, CAPTIVITY CAPTIVE. 

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For this beautiful little novel we may ven- 
ture to predict a degree of popularity in the 
English world of letters equal to that enjoyed 
by " Paul and Virginia," " Elizabeth," and 



one or two other favourites. It is a produc- 
tion of every class, and for every shade of 
taste. — Court Journal. 



22 



NOVELS, TALES, ROMANCES, &C. 



HOB OF THE BOWL: 



A LEGEND OF ST. INIGOES. 

By the Author of " Horse Shoe Robinson," &c. &c. 

In two vols. 12mo. 

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author as an artist of no ordinary power. He 
has now produced, an able work that will be 
read with pleasure wherever the English Ian- 
guage is understood. His well known pow- 
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eventful scenes of the early colonists most 
life-like and pleasingly exact. — Gentleman's 
Magazine. 



HORSESHOE EOBINSON. 



A TALE OF THE TORY ASCENDENCY. 

By the Author of " Swallow Barn." 

Fourth Edition. Two Volumes 12mo. 



ALTHEA VERNON, the Embroidered 
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PENCIL SKETCHES. 

Or, Outlines of Character and Manners. 
BY MISS LESLIE. 



ISABEL, OR SICILY; 



By Henry T. Tucker- 
Italian Sketch Book." 



A Pilgrimage, 
man. Author of 
In 1 volume. 

This is the production of a good scholar and a man 
of taste. It contains much delicacy of sentiment, 
prettiness of thought, and beauty of expression. 
The ideas and descriptions of Sicialian scenery, man- 
ners, history, &x. are conveyed in the form of grace- 
ful colloquy, by which many unimportant details 
are avoided, and the narrative of a connected pil- 
grimage preserved. — Madisonian. 



THE COURT AND THE BASTILE, 
by M. D. Saintine, Author of Picciola, &c. 
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SIMMS' LAST NOVEL. 



The Damsel of Darien, a novel, by the 
author of ' The Yemassee.' ' Guy Rivers,' 
' Mellichampe,' &c., in 2 vols. 12mo. 

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so perfectly absorbed us by its interest 
Mr. Simms has based his story upon the 
adventures of Vasco Nunes de Balboa, as 
some have called him, although our author 
calls him Vasco Nunes — OjedaandNicesa, 
as chiefly detailed in Irving's ' Companions 
of Columbus,' and from these with the aid 
of his vivid imagination to furnish the de- 
tails of society and life, he has composed 
what may be considered with truth, the 
Romance of American History. 

" Our author's descriptive powers are of 
the very first order, and in his sketches of 
character there is no writer that better un- 
derstandstbe art of bringing out the salient 
features in high relief, and of impressing 
an individuality upon the portraiture that 
fixes the image perfectly in our mind, un- 
til it haunts us like the figure of one we 
have intimately known. In this novel, 
' The Damsel of Darien.' Mr. Simms has 
opened a new and virgin mine in the trea- 
sures of Romance. An unploughed field, 
which only needs cultivation to produce the 
richest fruits. — Evening Gazette and Gal- 
axy." 



STANLEY; 



Or the Recollections of a Man of the 
World. 

By an unknown writer. In 2 volumes 
12mo. 

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more, and who, from the affluence of his stores, 
sometimes becomes profuse in the distribution of his 
knowledge. The criticisms in which the work 
abounds, are original, vigorous, searching, and pro- 
found — and the characters of several of the most dis- 
tinguished writers of the present century are drawn 
with singular felicity. Altogether it is the effort of 
a highly cultivated mind, rich alike in natural en- 
dowments and acquired treasures. — Saturday News. 



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PUBLISHED BY LEA AND BLANCHARD. 



23 



-3HAKSPEARE AND HIS FRIENDS; 

OR, 
THE GOLDEN AGE OF MERRY ENGLAND. 

BY THE AUTHOR OF 

"THE YOUTH OF SHAKSPEARE." 

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than with any we have met with for a long 
time. The ground upon which the author 
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able skill. Shakspeare, Burbage, Ben Jon- 
son, Sir W. Raleigh, Lord Burghley, Eliza- 
beth, are brought in vivid portraiture be- 
fore us; the generous disposition, ready wit, 
and noble bearing of the immortal poet be- 
ing pictured with rare success." 



To match the above, and by the same 

author. 
'THE YOUTH OF SHAKSPEARE;' 



THE GOVERNESS, a novel by 
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12mo. 



THE CONFESSIONS OF AN 
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SOLOMON SEESAW. A Novel. 

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TRIALS OF THE HEART; By 
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THE HUSBAND HUNTER: By 

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12 mo. 



B Y 



THE DUKE. 

A NOVEL. 

M R S. G R E 

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Y. 



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WILHELM MEISTER. 

A New Translation by Carlisle. 

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Hamilton King, by the Old Sailor, 2 vols. 

Horace Vernon, or Fashionable Life. 

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MANUAL of MATERIA MEDICA 
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M. D. and P. Vavasseur, M. D. 



CHEMICAL MANIPULATION. In- 
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26 



MEDICAL AND SURGICAL WORKS, 



A NEW DICTIONARY, 



MEDIOAi SCIENCE A IT D LITERATURE- 

A NEW EDITION, 
Completely Revised, with Numerous Additions and Improvements, 

OF 

DUNGLISON'.S DICTIONARY 

OF 

MEDICAL SCIENCE AND LITERATURE: 

CONTAINING 

A concise account of the various Subjects and Terms, with a vocabulary of Syno- 
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parations, &c. 

IN ONE ROYAL 8vo. VOLUME. 

ference he can have." — London Medical 
and Surgical Journal. 

" So far as we have been able to examine 



" The present undertaking was sug- 
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able to meet with information on numerous 
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It may, indeed, be correctly affirmed, 
that we have no dictionary of medical sub- 
jects and terms which can be looked upon 
as adapted to the state of the science. In 
proof of this the author need but to remark, 
that he has found occasion to add several 
thousand medical terms, which are not to 
be met with in the only medical lexicon at 
this time in circulation in the country. 

The present edition will be found to 
contain many hundred terms more than 
the first, and to have experienced numerous 
additions and modifications. 

The author's object has not been to make 
the work a mere lexicon or dictionary of 
terms, but to afford, u nder each, a condensed 
view of its various medical relations, and 
thus to render the work an epitome of the 
existing condition of medical science." 

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erudition, unwearied industry, and exten- 
sive research, and we know no one who 
could bring to the task higher qualifications 
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son." — American Medical Journal. 

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ferred to. It is the best medical lexicon in 
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We do not know any volume which con- 
tains so much information in a small com- 
pass. The Bibliographical notices, though 
so short, are very important and useful:; and 
altogether we can recommend to every 
medical man to have this work by him, as 
the cheapest and best dictionary of re- 



this Dictionary, it is exceedingly thorough 
and correct, not only in matters purely 
medical, but in whatever can fairly be ar- 
ranged in the various branches of science, 
collateral or contributary to Medicine and 
Su rgery ." — Medical Magazine. 

" So well known are the merits of this 
valuable work, that, in noticing a second 
edition of it, it will suffice to extract the 
remark of the author in the preface, 'that 
it will be found to contain many hundred 
terms more than the first, and to have ex- 
perienced numerous additions and modifica- 
tions.' It has been got up by the publishers 
in very handsome style, and must command, 
as it deserves, an extended circulation." — 
Medical Examiner. 

"It is wholly unnecessary, we appre- 
hend, to enter into a long or formal state- 
ment of the fact, that Dr. Dunglison's Dic- 
tionary, from the first day of its appearance, 
has been regarded with peculiar favour. 
And we have now a revised edition, con- 
structed under the immediate eye of the au- 
thor, who is most favourably circumstanced 
for adding to the previous edition what- 
ever could give it additional claims on the 
score of accuracy. Here are eight hundred 
and twenty-one pages, large octavo, in 
double colums, distinct type, of which no 
one ought to complain. Finally, although 
most of our readers may be owners of the 
first edition, we cordially and conscientious- 
ly recommend to all future purchasers to 
procure this in preference to any medical 
lexicon extant. Its true and sterling value, 
as a key to medical science, and its mode- 
rate price, are so many common-sense re- 
commendations which should not be for- 
gotten."-— Boston Medical and Surgical 
Journal. 



PUBLISHED BY LEA AND BLANCHARD. 



27 



A NEW AND VALUABLE WORK 



FOR 



PHYSICIANS, APOTHECARIES, AND STUDENTS. 



]VEW REMEDIES, 

The •Jflcthoel of Preparing & Jltlministering them; 



THEIR EFFECTS 

UPON THE 









BY ROBLEY DUNGLISON, M. D. 

Professor of the Institutes of Medicine and Materia Medica in Jefferson Me- 
dical College of Philadelphia; Attending Physician to the Philadelphia 
Hospital, Sj-c. 

m ONE VOLUME, OCTAVO. 
" The value of this book is hardly to be , practitioner's. It is creditable to the in- 
estimated; to be without it, would be very jdustry and wise discrimination of the au- 



much like obstinacy, and amount to the 
same thing- p ;S saying 1 , like the Austrians ru 
regard to their government, nothing can be 
improved, for we already live in a state of 
perfection. Dr. Dunglison, the author, has 
done an essential service to all classes of 



thor, and quite necessary to the libraries 
of those who feel the necessity of keeping" 
pace with the improvements and discoveries 
in the broad but imperfectly exploded do- 
main of medicine." — Boston Medical and 
Surgical Journal. 



A Third Edition, Improved and Modified, of 

DUNGLISON'S 



HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 

Illustrated With Numerous Engravings. 

m TWO VOLUMES, OCTAVO. 



" We are happy to believe that the rapid 
sale of the last edition of this valuable work 
may be regarded as an indication of the ex- 
tending taste for sound physiological know- 
ledge in the American schools: and what 
we then said of its merits, will show that 
we regarded it as deserving the reception 
it has experienced. Dr. Dunglison has, 
we are glad to perceive, anticipated the 
recommendation which we gave in regard 
to the addition of references, and has there- 
by not only added very considerably to the 
value of his work, but has shown an extent 
of reading which, we confess, we were not 
prepared by his former edition to expect. 
He has also availed himself of the addi- 
tional materials supplied by the works that 



have been published in' the interval, espe- 
cially those of Midler and Burdach. So 
that as a collection of details on human 
physiology alone, we do not think that it is 
surpassed by any work in our language: 
and we can recommend it to students in 
this country (England) as containing much 
with which they will not be likely to meet 
elsewhere." — British and Foreign Medi- 
cal Review. 

This work exhibits another admirable 
specimen of American industry and talent, 
and contains an account of every discovery 
in Europe up to the period of a few months 
prior to its publication. Many of the au- 
thor's views are original and important."— 
Dublin Journal of Mcdieal Sciences. 



28 MEDICAL AND SURGICAL WORKS, 

GENEMAI, therapeutics* 



OR, 



PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL PRACTICE. 

With Tables of the Chief Remedial Agents and their Preparations, and of the 
Different Poisons and their Antidotes. 

By Robert Dunglison, M. D., &c, &c. 

One Volume, large 8vo. 

"There being at,present before the public several American works on Therapeutics, 
written by physicians and teachers- of distinction, it might be deemed unjust in us, and 
would certainly be invidious, to pronounce any of them superior to the others. We shall 
not, therefore, do so. If there be, however, in the English language, any work of the 
kind more valuable than that we have been examining, its title is unknown to us. 

"We hope to be able to give such an account of the work as will strengthen the desire 
and determination of our readers to seek for a farther acquaintance with it, by a candid 
perusal of the volume itself. And, in so doing, we offer them an assurance that they will 
be amply rewarded for their time and labour." — Iransykania Journal, Vol. IX, No. 3. 



THE MEDICAL STUDENT; or. Aids 
to the Study of Medicine. Including a 
Glossary of the Terms of the Science, and 
of the Mode of Prescribing ; Bibliographical 
Notices of Medieal Works; the Regula- 
tions of the Different Medical Colleges of 
of the Union, &c. By Robley Dunglison, 
M. D., &c, &c. In one volume, 8vo. 



ELEMENTS OF HYGIENE; on the 

Influence of Atmosphere and Locality; 
Change of Air and Climate, Seasons, Food, 
Clothing, Bathing, Sleep, Corporeal and 
Intellectual Pursuits, &c, on Human 
Health, Constituting Elements of Hygiene. 
By Robley Dunglison, M. D. &c, &c. In 
i vol. 8vo. 



MEDICAL ESSAYS. 



THE CYCLOPEDIA OF 

PRACTICAL MEDICINE AND SURGERY, 

Or Essays on ASTHMA, APHTHM, ASPHYXIA, APOPLEXY, ARSE- 
NIC, ATROPA, AIR, ABORTION, ANGINA-PECTORIS, and other 
Subjects Embraced in the Articles from Ji to Jlzote r prepared for the Cyclo- 
pedia of Practical Medicine by 



Dr. Chapman, 
Dr. Jackson, 
Dr. Horner, 
Dr. Hodge, 
Dr. Wood, 



Dr. Dewees, 
Dr. Hays, 

Dr. Dunglison, 
Dr. Mitchell, 



Dr. Bache, 
Dr. Coatesy 
Dr. Condie, 
Dr. Emerson, 
Dr. Geddings, 



Dr. Griffith, 
Dr. Harris, 
Dr. Warren, 
Dr. Patterson, 



Each article is complete within itself, and embraces the practical experience of its 
author, and as they are only to be had in this collection will be found of great value to 
the profession. 

V The two volumes are now offered at a price so low, as to plaee thesa within the 
reach of every practitioner and student, 



PUBLISHED BY LEA AND BLANCHARD. 



29 



GIBSON'S SURGERY. 



A NEW EDITION OF GIBSON'S SURGERY. 

THE INSTITUTES AND PRACTICE OF SURGERY; being the Outlines 
of a Course of Lectures. By "William Gibson, M. D., Professor of Surgery in 
the University of Pennsylvania, &c. &c. Fifth edition, greatly enlarged. In 2 
vols. 8vo. With thirty plates, several of which are coloured. 

"The author has endeavoured to make this edition as complete as possible, by 
adapting it to the present condition of surgery, and to supply the deficiencies of former 
editions by adding chapters and sections on subjects not hitherto treated of. And, 
moreover, the arrangement of the work has been altered by transposing parts of the 
second volume to the first, and by changing entirely the order of the subject in the 
second volume. This has been done for the purpose of making the surgical course 
in the university correspond with the anatomical lectures, so that the account of sur- 
gical diseases may follow immediately the anatomy of the parts." 



DEWEES'S WORKS. 



A PRACTICE OF PHYSIC, com- 
prising most of the diseases not treated 
of in Diseases of Females and Diseases 
of Children. By W. P. Dewees, M. 
D., formerly adjunct professor in the 
University of Pennsylvania. In one 
volume, octavo. 

A COMPENDIOUS SYSTEM OF 

MIDWIFERY. 

By Dr. Dewees. 

Chiefly designed to facilitate the Inqui- 
ries of those who may be pursuing this 
branch of Study. Illustrated by occasional 
cases and with many plates. The ninth 
edition, with additions and improvements. 
In one vol. 8vo. 



DEWEES ON THE DISEASES 
OF FEMALES. ' 

The seventh edition, Revised and 
Corrected. With additions, and Nu- 
merous plates. In one vol. 8vo. 



DEWEES ON THE PHYSICAL 
AND MEDICAL TREAT- 
MENT OF CHILDREN. 

With Corrections and Improvements. 
The seventh ed. In one volume, 8vo. 

The objects of this work are, 1st, to teach 
those who have the charge of children, ei- 
ther as parent or guardian, the most ap- 
proved methods of securing and improving 
their physical powers. This is attempted 
by pointing out the duties which the parent 
or the guardian owes for this purpose, to 
this interesting but helpless class of beings, 
and the manner by which their duties shall 
be fulfilled. And 2d, to render available a, 
long experience to these objects of our af- 
fection when they become diseased. In at- 
tempting this, the author has avoided as 
much as possible, " technicality;" and has 
given, if he does not flatter himself too 
much, to each disease of which he treats, 
its appropriate and designating characters, 
with a fidelity that will prevent any two 
being confounded together, with the best 
mode of treating them, that either his own 
experience or that of others has suggested. 



HORNER'S SPECIAL ANATOMY. 



A Treatise on Special and General Anatomy. By W. E. Horner, M. D., Profes- 
sor of Anatomy in the University of Pennsylvania, &c. &c. Fifth edition, Revised, 
and much improved. In two volumes, 8vo. 



30 



MEDICAL AND SURGICAL BOOKS, 



ELLIS' MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



The Medical Formulary, being a collec- 
tion of prescriptions derived from the writ- 
ings and practice of many of the most emi- 
nent Physicians in America and Europe. 
To which is added an appendix, containing 
the usual Dietetic preparations and Anti- 
dotes for Poisons, the whole accompanied 
with a few brief Pharmacuetic and Medi- 
cal observations. By Benjamin Ellis, M. 
D., Fifth edition, with additions. In one 
vol. 

Broussais on Inflammation, 2 vols. 8vo. 

Broussais' Pathology, 1 vol. 8vo. 

Colles' Surgical Anatomy, I vol. 8vo. 

Costers' Physiological Practice, 1 vol. 
8vo. 

Greys' Chemistry applied to the Arts, 
2 vols, with numerous plates. 



ELEMENTS of PHYSICS, or 
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, GE- 
NERAL and MEDICAL, explained 
independently of TECHNICAL MA- 
THEMATICS, and containing New 
Disquisitions and Practical Suggestions. 
By Neil Arnott, M. D. In two 
volumes, octavo. 

" Dr. Arnott's work has done for Physics 
as much as Locke's Essays did for the 
science of mind." — London University 
Magazine. 

" We may venture to predict that it will 
not be surpassed."— Times. 

" Dr. A. has not done less for Physics 
than Blackstone did for the Law.' — Morn- 
ing- Herald. 

"Dr. A. has made Natural Philosophy 
as attractive as Buffon made Natural His- 
tory." — French Critic. 

" A work of the highest class among the 
productions of mind."— Courier. 



ROGET'S PHYSIOLOGY AND PHRENOLOGY. 



OUTLINES OF PHYSIOLOGY; 

WITH AN 

APPENDIX ON PHRENOLOGY; 

BY P. M. ROGET., M. D. 

Professor of Physiology in the Royal Institute of Great Britian, &c. &c. 

FIRST AMERICAN EDITION, 

Revised, with numerous notes, 

In one volume, 8vo. 



From the American Preface. — " Of the 
the Author's qualifications as a physiological 
writer it is scarcely requisite to speak. 
The fact of his having been selected to com- 
pose the Bridgewater Treatise on Animal 
and Vegetable Physiology, is sufficient evi- 
dence of the reputation which he then en- 
joyed; and the mode in which he executed 
the task amply evinces that his reputation 
rested on a solid basis. 

" The present volume contains a con- 
cise, well-written epitome of the present 
state of Physiology — human and compara- 
tive — not, as a matter to be expected, the 
copious details and developments to be met 
with in the larger treatises on the subject; 
but enough to serve as an accompaniment 
and guide to the physiological student. 

"The attention of the American Editor 
has been directed to the revision and cor- 
rection of the text; to the supplying, in the 
form of notes, of omissions; to the rectifi- 
cation of some of the points that appeared 



to him erroneous or doubtful, and to the fur- 
nishing of references to works in which the 
physiological inquirer might meet with 
more ample information. 

" In Phrenology, the Author is a well- 
known unbeliever, and his published ob- 
jections to the doctrine have been regarded 
as too cogent to be permitted to pass un- 
heeded. It will be seen on farther exami- 
nation in the interval of many years, which 
has elapsed since the publication of the 
sixth edition of the Encyclopaedia, has not 
induced him to modify his sentiments on 
this head. On the contrary, he appears to 
be as satisfied at this time, of the fallacy of 
the positions of the Phrenologist, as he was 
at any former period." 

O^This work will be introduced into 
many of the Medical Colleges of the union 
as a Text Book, it being a cheap volume, 
and well fitted as an introduction to the 
larger works on Physiology. 



PUBLISHED BY LEA AND BLANCIJARD. 



31 



COATES POPULAR MEDICINE 



POPULAR MEDICINE; 

OR, FAMILY ADVISER. 

Consisting of outlines of Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene, with 
such Hints on the Practice of Physic, Surgery, and the Diseases of 
Women and Children, as may prove useful in families when regular 
Physicians cannot be procured : Being a Companion and Guide for in- 
telligent Principals of Manufactories, Plantations, and Boarding Schools; 
Heads of Families, Masters of Vessels, Missionaries, or Travellers, and 
a useful Sketch for Young Men about commencing the Study of Me- 
dicine. 

BY REYNELL COATES, M. D. 

Fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia— Honorary Member of the 
Philadelphia Medical Society— Correspondent of the Lyceum of Natural History 
of New York — Member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia— Former- 
ly Resident Surgeon of the Pennsylvania Hospital, &c. 

Assisted by several Medical friends. In One Volume. 



"It is with great satisfaction that we an- 
nounce this truly valuable compilation, as 
the most complete and interesting treatise 
on Popular Medicine ever presented to the 
public. Simple and unambitious in its 
language, free from the technicalities, and 
embracing the most important facts on Ana- 
tomy, Physiology and Hygiene, or the 
art of preserving health; and the treatment 
of those affections which require immediate 
attention, or are of an acute character, this 
should be in the hands of every one, more 
particularly of those who, by their situations 
are prevented from resorting to the advice 
of a physician, nor would the careful peru- 



sal of its pages fail to profit the inhabitants 
of our cities, by giving them a more accu- 
rate knowledge of the structure of the hu- 
man frame, and the laws that govern its 
various functions; whose perfect integrity 
is absolutely essential to health, and even 
to existence; the various systems of medical 
charlatanry, daily imagined to take advan- 
tage of the credulity and ignorance of man- 
kind, would be rendered far less prejudicial 
to the community than they now are. We 
would particularly direct attention to the 
Chapter on Hygiene, a science in itself of 
the utmost importance, and ably treated in 
the small space allowed to it in this vol- 
ume." — New York American. 



DR. CLARK ON CONSUMPTION. 

A Treatise on Pulmonary Consumption, 
comprehending an inquiry into the Nature, 
Causes, Prevention, and Treatment of Tu- 
berculous and Scrofulous Diseases in Ge- 
neral. By James Clark, M. D., F. R. S, 

As a text-book and guide to the inexpe- 
rienced practitioner we know none equal 
to it in general soundness and practical 
utility — to the general as well as to the 
professional reader, the work will prove of 
the deepest interest, and its perusal of un- 
equivocal advantage." — British and Fo- 
reign Medical Review. 

" The work of Dr. Clark may be regard- 
ed as the most complete and instructive 
Treatise on Consumption in the English 
Language." — Edinburgh Medical and 
Surgical Journal, 



CHITTY'S JURISPRUDENCE. 

A Practical Treatise on Medical Juris- 
prudence, with so much of Anatomy, Phy- 
siology, Pathology, and the Practice of 
Medicine and Surgery, as are essential to 
be known by Members of the Bar and Pri- 
vate Gentlemen; and all the laws relating 
to Medical Practitioners; with explanatory 
plates. By J. Chitty, Esq. Second Ame- 
rican edition: with Notes and Additions, 
adapted to American works and Judicial 
Decisions. 8vo. 



A TREATISE ON THE PRACTICE 
OF MEDICINE, or a Systematic Digest 
of the Principles of General and Special 
Pathology and Theraputics. By E. Ged- 
dings, (now preparing.) 



32 



MEDICINE AND SURGICAL WORKS. 



SMITH ON FEVER. 

A Treatise on Fever. By Southwood 
Smith, M. D., Physician to the London 
Fever Hospital. Fourth American edition. 
In 1 volume 8vo. 



FITCH'S DENTAL SURGERY. 

A Treatise on Dental Surgery. Second 
edition, revised, corrected, and improved, 
with new plates. By S. S. Fitch, M. D. 1 
vol. 8vo. 



ABERCROMBIE ON THE BRAIN. 

Pathological and Practical Researches 
on Diseases of the Brain and Spinal 
Cord. Second American, from the third 
Edingburgh edition, enlarged. By John 
Abercrombie, M. D. In 1 volume 8vo. 



ABERCROMBIE ON STOMACH. 

Pathological and Practical Researches 
on Diseases of the Stomach, the Intestinal 
Canal, the Liver, and other Viscera of the 
Abdomen. By John Abercrombie M. D., 
third American from the second London 
edition enlarged. In 1 vol. 8vo. 



E WELL'S MEDICAL COMPANION. 

The Medical Companion or Family Phy- 
sician : treating of the Diseases of the 
United States, with their symptoms, causes, 
cure, and means of prevention. 



BERTIEN ON THE HEART. 

A Treatise on Diseases of the Heart and 
Great Vessels. By J. R. Bertien. Edited 
by G. Bouillaud. Translated from the 
French. 8vo. 



BELL ON THE TEETH. 

The Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases 
of the Teeth. By Thomas Bell, F. R. S., 
F. L. S. &c, third American edition. In 
1 vol. 8vo. With numerous plates. 



WILLIAMS ON THE LUNGS. 

A Rational Exposition of the Physical 
Signs of Diseases of the Lungs and Pleura; 
Illustrating their Pathology and facilitating 
their Diagnosis. By Charles J. Williams, 
M. D. In 8vo. with plates. 



BOISSEAU ON FEVER. 

Physiological Pyretology; or a Treatise 
on Fevers, according to the Principles of 
the New Medical Doctrine. By F. G. 
Boisseau, Doctor in Medicine of the Facul- 
ty of Paris, &c. &c. From the fourth 
French edition. Translated by J. R. Knox, 
M. D. 1 vol. 8vo. 



HU TIN'S MANUAL. 

Manual of the Physiology of Man; or a 
concise Description of the Phenomena of 
his Organization. By P. Hutin. Trans- 
lated from the French, with notes, by J. 
Toffno. In 12mo. 



THE BRIDGE WATER TREA- 
TISES, COMPLETE IN SEVEN 
VOLUMES, OCTAVO. Embracing. 

I. The Adaptation of External Nature 
to the Moral and Intellectual Constitution 
of Man. By the Rev. Thomas Chalmers. 

II. The Adaptation of External Nature 
to the Physical Condition of Man. By 
John Kidd, M. D., F. R. S. 

III. Astronomy and General Physics, 
Considered with References to Natural 
Theology. By the Rev. Wm. Whewell. 

IV. The Hand: Its Mechanism and 
Vital Endowments as Evincing Design. 
By Sir Charles Bell, K. H., F. RT S. With 
numerous wood cuts. 

V. Chemistry, Meteorology, and the 
Function of Digestion. By Wm. Prout, 
M. D., F. R. S. 

VI. The History, Habits and Instincts 
of Animals. By the Rev. Wm. Kirby, M. 
A., F. R. S. Illustrated by numerous En- 
gravings on Copper. 

VII. Anatomy and Vegetable Physiology 
Considered with Reference to Natural 
Theology. By Peter Mark Roget, M. D. 
Illustrated with nearly Five Hundred 
Wood Cuts. 

VIII. Geology and Mineralogy, Con- ^ 
sidered with Reference to Natural Theo- ' 
logy. By the Rev. Wm. Buckland, D. D. 
with numerous engravings on copper, and 

a large coloured map. 

%*The work of Buckland/ Kirby and 
Rojet may be had separate. 



- 



4ffc 



+ 



